从认知角度分析词汇学习的猜测策略

从认知角度分析词汇学习的猜测策略

论文摘要

Ronald Carter (1998:184)曾在他的研究中提到“多年来,词汇在语言教育中一直不被重视。一部分原因是由于过去语言学研究对句法和语音的特殊关注,这些导致了词汇被看作二语学习中并不十分重要的因素。”但如今,词汇也逐渐成为语言学研究的重点,因为语言学家研究的焦点开始由语法转向词汇。越来越多的外语学习者注意到,词汇学习是语言学习中十分基础和不可或缺的步骤。另一方面,“学习者们感到他们学习中所遇到的很多困难归根结底都是由于词汇量不足所造成的。”(Nation:1990,2)本文的目的就是要通过展现人类认知世界和获取知识的过程来了解语言的习得,从而从认知心理学方面论述词汇学习策略,最后证明词汇猜测策略的重要性并讨论如何应用猜测策略学习词汇。通过人类的世界的认知,人们可以发现语言认知的路径,通过语言认知的路径又可以指导如何学习语言。语言学家也因此从认知的角度建立起了语言学习策略的研究。根据词汇的重要性,词汇学习策略也开始成为研究重点。已经有许多的语言学家研究和讨论过词汇学习策略,并都指出猜测是一种十分有用的策略。但关于词汇猜测策略的理论研究确很少。因此本文将从认知心理学方面讨论词汇学习的猜测策略,其中重点将提到假设检验理论,因为它很好地展示了人类的学习过程,并为猜测策略提供了重要的依据。根据认知心理学中的假设检验理论和一些相关的认知心理学研究及试验可以证明猜测策略是十分可行并且重要的词汇学习策略。事实上,认知心理学的研究已经可以表明学习者在词汇学习中会无意识地应用猜测策略,所以教师的主要任务就是要帮助学习者意识到这种策略,并教会学习者如何正确的或更好的使用这种策略,最终获得较理想的词汇学习效果。

论文目录

  • ABSTRACT
  • 中文摘要
  • CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
  • 1.1 The Importance of Vocabulary in Language Learning
  • 1.2 Terminology Concerned
  • 1.2.1 Learning and Acquisition
  • 1.2.2 Foreign Language and Second Language
  • 1.3 The Main Ideas and Structure of the Thesis
  • CHAPTER 2 THE COGNITIVE BASIS IN VOCABULARY LEARNING
  • 2.1 Brief Introduction of Cognitive Linguistics
  • 2.2 Language as a Cognitive Skill of Human Beings
  • 2.2.1 The Definition of “Representation”
  • 2.2.2 Functions of Language in Human Cognition
  • 2.3 Major Cognitive Psychology Theory in This Thesis
  • 2.4 The Hypothesis - Testing Theory
  • 2.4.1 The Experiment of Hypothesis-Testing
  • 2.4.2 Application of Strategies
  • 2.5 SUMMARY
  • CHAPTER 3 ISSUES CONCERNED IN VOCABULARY LEARNING
  • 3.1 What Is Involved in Knowing a Word?
  • 3.2 What Will Influence the Word Recognition?
  • 3.2.1 Contrast of Vocabulary between Native Speakers and L2 Learners
  • 3.2.2 Familiarity Degree and Word Frequency
  • 3.2.3 The Prototype Theory and Core Vocabulary
  • 3.2.4 The Influence of Contexts
  • 3.3 Summary
  • CHAPTER 4 GUESSING STRATEGY OF VOCABULARY LEARNING
  • 4.1 Language Learning Strategy
  • 4.1.1 Different Definitions of Language Learning Strategy
  • 4.1.2 The Characteristics of Language Learning Strategy
  • 4.1.3 The Classification of Language Learning Strategy
  • 4.2 The Learning Strategy Classification Adopted in This Thesis
  • 4.3 The Study on Guessing Strategy
  • 4.3.1 Analysis of Questionnaires
  • 4.3.2 Guessing Strategies
  • 4.3.3 How to Guess?
  • 4.4 Summary
  • CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION
  • APPENDIX 1:有关非英语专业大学生英语词汇学习策略的问卷调查
  • APPENDIX 3 WORDS IN CONTEXT
  • BIBLIOGRAPHY
  • Acknowledgements
  • 独创性声明
  • 学位论文版权使用授权书
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    从认知角度分析词汇学习的猜测策略
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