本文主要研究内容
作者徐赛（2019）在《土壤水分调控对烤烟上部叶理化性质的影响》一文中研究指出：鉴于目前我国丘陵烟区灌溉条件差和上部烟叶工业可用性低的现状,本试验以烤烟品种NC102为试验材料,在田间防雨棚下采用盆栽试验,设计不同土壤水分含量、不同干旱时间及复水处理,测定烤烟基本农艺性状、叶面积变化动态、叶片组织结构、叶片酶活性、光合作用指标和烤后烟叶化学成分,明确不同土壤水分状况对烤烟理化指标的影响,探讨干旱后复水对烤烟上部叶理化性质的补偿效应,为提高上部烟叶可用性和优质适产提供理论依据。研究结果如下:(1)干旱胁迫显著影响烤烟生长发育与上部叶的理化性质。土壤相对含水量在45%~85%水平内,随着土壤干旱程度的增加,叶面积显著降低,中部叶叶面积降低4.5%~68.1%,上部叶叶面积降低9.3%~45.3%;叶厚显著增加8.1%~18.2%,栅栏与海绵组织比显著增加25.0%~75.0%,组织结构趋于致密;游离脯氨酸含量(free proline,Pro)逐渐升高,光合作用、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性、硝酸还原酶(nitrate reductase,NR)活性显著降低;总氮含量增加13.0%~60.9%,烟碱含量显著增加10.6%~57.8%,化学成分不协调。(2)水分调控对于弥补前期干旱胁迫对烤烟造成的损害,提高上部烟叶可用性有显著正补偿效应。随着复水时间的提前,与对照相比,上部烟叶的叶面积显著增加,由低于45.3%补偿至高于8.1%;叶厚显著降低,由高9.6%恢复至对照水平,栅栏与海绵组织比显著降低,由高于49.0%补偿至低于11.0%,组织结构趋于疏松;光合作用增强,叶质重由低于8.2%补偿至对照水平;总氮含量显著降低,由高于28.6%补偿至低于12.8%,烟碱含量显著降低,由高于17.0%补偿至低于13.9%,总糖含量显著增加,由低于12.4%补偿至高于9.1%,氮类化合物含量下降,化学成分趋于协调。(3)土壤相对含水量为50%~60%水平的中度干旱烟株复水有效调控时间临界点为移栽后50天;土壤相对含水量为40%~50%水平的重度干旱烟株复水有效调控时间临界点为移栽后40天;有效调控时间复水时间越早,复水补偿效应越显著,上部烟叶可用性越高。
Abstract
jian yu mu qian wo guo qiu ling yan ou guan gai tiao jian cha he shang bu yan xie gong ye ke yong xing di de xian zhuang ,ben shi yan yi kao yan pin chong NC102wei shi yan cai liao ,zai tian jian fang yu peng xia cai yong pen zai shi yan ,she ji bu tong tu rang shui fen han liang 、bu tong gan han shi jian ji fu shui chu li ,ce ding kao yan ji ben nong yi xing zhuang 、xie mian ji bian hua dong tai 、xie pian zu zhi jie gou 、xie pian mei huo xing 、guang ge zuo yong zhi biao he kao hou yan xie hua xue cheng fen ,ming que bu tong tu rang shui fen zhuang kuang dui kao yan li hua zhi biao de ying xiang ,tan tao gan han hou fu shui dui kao yan shang bu xie li hua xing zhi de bu chang xiao ying ,wei di gao shang bu yan xie ke yong xing he you zhi kuo chan di gong li lun yi ju 。yan jiu jie guo ru xia :(1)gan han xie pai xian zhe ying xiang kao yan sheng chang fa yo yu shang bu xie de li hua xing zhi 。tu rang xiang dui han shui liang zai 45%~85%shui ping nei ,sui zhao tu rang gan han cheng du de zeng jia ,xie mian ji xian zhe jiang di ,zhong bu xie xie mian ji jiang di 4.5%~68.1%,shang bu xie xie mian ji jiang di 9.3%~45.3%;xie hou xian zhe zeng jia 8.1%~18.2%,shan lan yu hai mian zu zhi bi xian zhe zeng jia 25.0%~75.0%,zu zhi jie gou qu yu zhi mi ;you li fu an suan han liang (free proline,Pro)zhu jian sheng gao ,guang ge zuo yong 、chao yang hua wu qi hua mei (superoxide dismutase,SOD)huo xing 、xiao suan hai yuan mei (nitrate reductase,NR)huo xing xian zhe jiang di ;zong dan han liang zeng jia 13.0%~60.9%,yan jian han liang xian zhe zeng jia 10.6%~57.8%,hua xue cheng fen bu xie diao 。(2)shui fen diao kong dui yu mi bu qian ji gan han xie pai dui kao yan zao cheng de sun hai ,di gao shang bu yan xie ke yong xing you xian zhe zheng bu chang xiao ying 。sui zhao fu shui shi jian de di qian ,yu dui zhao xiang bi ,shang bu yan xie de xie mian ji xian zhe zeng jia ,you di yu 45.3%bu chang zhi gao yu 8.1%;xie hou xian zhe jiang di ,you gao 9.6%hui fu zhi dui zhao shui ping ,shan lan yu hai mian zu zhi bi xian zhe jiang di ,you gao yu 49.0%bu chang zhi di yu 11.0%,zu zhi jie gou qu yu shu song ;guang ge zuo yong zeng jiang ,xie zhi chong you di yu 8.2%bu chang zhi dui zhao shui ping ;zong dan han liang xian zhe jiang di ,you gao yu 28.6%bu chang zhi di yu 12.8%,yan jian han liang xian zhe jiang di ,you gao yu 17.0%bu chang zhi di yu 13.9%,zong tang han liang xian zhe zeng jia ,you di yu 12.4%bu chang zhi gao yu 9.1%,dan lei hua ge wu han liang xia jiang ,hua xue cheng fen qu yu xie diao 。(3)tu rang xiang dui han shui liang wei 50%~60%shui ping de zhong du gan han yan zhu fu shui you xiao diao kong shi jian lin jie dian wei yi zai hou 50tian ;tu rang xiang dui han shui liang wei 40%~50%shui ping de chong du gan han yan zhu fu shui you xiao diao kong shi jian lin jie dian wei yi zai hou 40tian ;you xiao diao kong shi jian fu shui shi jian yue zao ,fu shui bu chang xiao ying yue xian zhe ,shang bu yan xie ke yong xing yue gao 。
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