论文摘要
图像分割是计算机视觉的重要研究课题,其在虚拟现实、自控车辆、机器人环境分析、监控系统中的物体跟踪及识别、生物医学图像处理、工业在线自动检测等方面有着广泛的应用前景。在制造领域,通过对实物或模型的测量构造物体的几何模型,进而用于改进设计与制造,又称为反求工程技术。图像分割技术广泛应用于科学研究、工程技术与生物医学等领域,以解决或辅助解决几何尺寸度量、变形测量、振型测试、损伤测定、产品质量监控、实物仿形、CAD/CAM以及医学诊断等诸多问题。在用于图像分割的技术中,主动模型是目前国内外研究的热点。 主动模型的提出给传统的计算机视觉理论及应用研究带来了新的观点和思维方式,并已发展成为计算机视觉与模式识别中最为活跃和成功的研究领域之一。因此,基于主动模型的图像处理技术研究在科学研究和工程应用中有着重要的意义。本文选题于主动模型中的参数主动模型,针对于二维问题,提出了有限元法气球力模型,利用它进行二维医学图像的图像分割。其主要工作和所得到的结论如下: (1) 从几何模型,尺度空间、算法实现等三个方面对主动模型的理论研究与发展进行了综述;对经典的可变形活动轮廓模型的物理本质和具体求解过程进行了探讨;指出了经典主动模型理论上存在的问题及进一步研究的方向。 (2) 对主动模型的尺度空间进行了改进,提出了气球力模型,该模型能有效的防止变形主动模型收敛于局部极小值,并且提高了变形主动模型的捕捉能力,并使模型可进入到深的凹口。 (3) 提出了有限元法的气球力模型的数值实现。有限元法采用较少的离散节点来表达气球模型,从而减少了计算量,可以获得更好地的稳定性和收敛性。
论文目录
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