论文摘要
近年来,电子在单层石墨烯(graphene)中的传输动力学引起了广泛的关注。电子的导带与价带相交形成一个双锥形的结构,交点即称为狄拉克点(Dirac point)。电子在狄拉克点附近的传输动力学满足无质量的狄拉克方程,由于这种新颖的动力学行为,单层石墨烯具有很多奇特的电学性质,比如半整数和非常规的量子霍尔效应、最小电导率和Klein隧穿等。最近单层石墨烯中电子波束的类光学行为也得到了人们的广泛关注,如聚焦、瞄准、布拉格反射和古斯-汉新位移等。另一方面,二维光子晶体中的Dirac点因其与固体物理中电子的导带和价带形成的Dirac点特性相似也引起了广泛的关注,如圆锥衍射、“膺散射”效应等。在光学领域,负-零-正折射率超常材料(NZPIM)中也可以实现具有双锥形结构的光学狄拉克点。进一步的研究发现“膺散射”、“光震颤”、空间位移和非线性表面波等现象在NZPIM材料DP (Dirac point)附近有着独特的性质。在这篇论文中,我们将主要研究NZPIM中DP附近的非线性表面波以及NZPIM波导中的非线性导模特性。我们的研究揭示,电子在单层石墨烯中的传输动力学行为可以用光学的行为进行模拟,我们的工作将为研究非线性石墨烯提供支持,并为用光学器件来模拟电子器件提供了很好的理论基础。本论文研究的主要内容包括以下三个方面:1、研究了两个半无限大非线性常规材料与线性NZPIM界面处的非线性表面波。研究发现,非线性表面波在DP附近有一个禁带,并且还存在频率的阈值。对于NZPIM中满足负折射率的某些频率范围,非线性表面波总是以正的能流向前传输。同时我们也从频率特性、群速度和能流三个方面详细讨论了非线性表面波的性质。2、我们采用作图法,在理论上详细的讨论了NZPIM波导中DP附近的波导导模特性。研究发现当频率小于DP的频率时,波导基模缺失;当频率大于DP的频率时,NZPIM波导与常规材料的波导性质相同。我们发现这与石墨烯波导中电子波的传输行为类似,分别对应于经典动力学与Klein隧穿。3、在理论上研究了非线性NZPIM波导中DP附近的非线性导模特性。我们发现当非线性衬底为自聚焦非线性时,在DP附近存在一个非对称的禁带;然而非线性衬底为自散焦非线性时却可以消除这个禁带。同时我们还研究了非线性NZPIM波导中的非线性表面波。
论文目录
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标签:负零正折射率材料论文; 狄拉克点论文; 非线性表面波论文;