从认知与文化的角度看隐喻翻译

论文摘要

人们对于隐喻的研究已有两千多年的历史了,但是传统隐喻研究只是局限于修辞学领域,认为隐喻是一种修辞手段。长期以来,隐喻未得到应有的重视。随着认知语言学的发展,人们对隐喻的认识不断加深。Lakoff和Johnson的《我们赖以生存的隐喻》一书指出隐喻无所不在。这本书的出版标志着认知观隐喻研究的全面开始。在研究者看来,隐喻不再仅仅是一种语言现象,更重要的是它是人类一种普遍的思维方式和认知手段。隐喻是一种语言现象,不同文化背景下的人们在交流中会经常使用到隐喻,这时隐喻的翻译就显得尤为重要了。本文在首先指出隐喻的定义,回顾国内外隐喻研究的历史。然后介绍并讨论了Lakoff和Johnson提出的概念隐喻理论以及Fauconnier和Turner提出的整合理论,研究两个理论各自的工作机制。然后,作者分析隐喻与文化的关系,进一步揭示可能影响隐喻翻译的不同文化因素。最后,通过具体的实例,研究概念隐喻理论和整合理论在隐喻翻译实践中的应用。本文尝试从认知和文化的角度来探寻隐喻的翻译策略。隐喻蕴含着丰富的文化内涵,在隐喻的翻译过程中要注意两种不同语言间文化的差异。总之,本文以认知语言学为框架,以文化为视角,探讨英汉隐喻翻译的方法。

论文目录

• Acknowledgements
• Abstract
• 中文摘要
• Introduction
• Chapter 1 Theoretical Review
• 1.1 Definition of Metaphor
• 1.1.1 Traditional View of Metaphor
• 1.1.1.1 Metaphor Study in the West
• 1.1.1.2 Metaphor Study in China
• 1.1.2 Contemporary View of Metaphor
• 1.2 Metaphor and Western Translation Theories
• 1.2.1 Traditional Theories of Metaphor Translation
• 1.2.2 Cognitive View on Metaphor Translation
• Chapter 2 Cognitive Approach to Metaphor Translation
• 2.1 Philosophical Basis
• 2.2 Theoretical Basis
• 2.2.1 Conceptual Metaphor
• 2.2.2 Conceptual Metaphor Theory for the Working Mechanism of Conceptual Metaphor
• 2.2.3 Classification of Conceptual Metaphor
• 2.2.3.1 Structural Metaphors
• 2.2.3.2 Orientational Metaphors
• 2.2.3.3 Ontological Metaphors
• 2.3 Blending Theory
• 2.3.1 Input Space
• 2.3.2 Generic Space
• 2.3.3 Blended Space and Emergent Structure
• 2.3.4 Basic Processes of Blending
• 2.3.5 Blending Theory for the Working Mechanism of Metaphor
• Chapter 3 Metaphor and Culture
• 3.1 Relationship between Metaphor and Culture
• 3.1.1 Culture as the Foundation of Metaphor
• 3.1.2 Metaphor as Mirror of Culture
• 3.2 Culture as Grounding of Conceptual System
• 3.3 Cultural Elements
• 3.3.1 Physical Elements
• 3.3.2 Social Elements
• 3.3.3 Religious Elements
• Chapter 4 Analysis of Metaphor Translation Studies
• 4.1 Conceptual Blending Theory And Translation Studies
• 4.2 Same Conceptual Blending in TL
• 4.2.1 Literal Translation
• 4.2.2 Literal translation plus a note or explanation
• 4.3 Adapted Conceptual Blending in T L
• 4.4 Other Translation Strategies
• 4.4.1 Free Translation
• 4.4.2 Deletion
• Chapter 5 Metaphor Translation Strategies
• 5.1 Literal Translation
• 5.1.1 The Necessity of Literal Translation
• 5.1.2 The Advantages of Literal Translation
• 5.1.2.1 Enriching a Language
• 5.1.2.2 Maintaining Cultural Features
• 5.1.3 The Limitations of Literal Translation
• 5.2 Literal Translation with a Footnote or an Explanation
• 5.3 A Close Metaphor
• 5.3.1 Advantages of Using a Close Metaphor
• 5.3.2 Limitations of Using a Close Metaphor
• 5.4 Free Translation
• 5.5 Deletion
• Conclusion
• Notes
• Bibliography