当前街景北京王府井商业街和马尼拉卡列多—护航街

论文摘要

城市和其城市中心的设计和发展可能会导致引人瞩目的兴盛，但也可能会导致其衰退。本研究中选择的街道是在世界第二大经济体—中国首都北京市的王府井商业街：和菲律宾马尼拉市的卡列多-护航街，这里曾经是一个辉煌的商业区，但逐渐演变成一个充满过时文物的大城市。尽管都享有着共同的历史意义，这两条街道目前却表现出代表着当今城市的明显对比现实的不同街景特点和发展状况。这项研究始于一个有关城市的公共空间的设计理论的概述，为关于两条街道的理解提供了一个坚实的背景。本研究案例包括了王府井商业街和卡列多-护航街的历史并将包括城市设计，典型建筑和行人活动的街景列表。此外，这项研究基于目前的条件指向两个街道的对比分析，目的是为其遗产保护和未来发展提供可能的解决办法。综上所述，本研究以这两个街道为例为读者提供了对一个城市中心的传统商业街发展演变的了解，并强调成功的街景特点和决定因素的变化将加强和提升一个城市及其城市中心、其公共空间的价值。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• Ⅰ. Introduction
• A. Background of Study
• A.1 Significance of Research
• A.2 Research Objectives
• A.3 Research Questions
• A.4 Research Methodology
• A.4.1 Application of Normative Architectural Theories on the Study of Paths
• A.4.2 Application of Analytical Architectural Theory or Space Syntax on the Study of Paths
• B. Research Content
• Ⅱ. Historical Background
• A. Wangfujing Commercial Street
• A.1 From Thoroughfare to "Golden Street"
• A.2 The New Wangfujing Commercial Street
• A.3 Wangfujing Commercial Street under "New Beijing, New Look"
• A.4 Establishments and Institutions of Wangfujing District
• A.4.1 Commercial Establishments
• A.4.2 Cultural Landmarks
• B. Carriedo-Escolta Street
• B.1 From Spanish Colonial Period to Twentieth Century Manila
• B.2 Beautification Projects of Manila and the Restoration of Plaza Miranda
• Ⅲ. Urban Public Spaces
• A. Defining the Urban Public Space through City Elements
• A.1 Districts
• A.1.1 Wangfujing District
• A.1.2 Binondo, Santa Cruz, and Quiapo Districts
• A.2 Paths
• A.2.1 Introduction to the Path of Wangfujing Commercial Street
• A.2.2 Introduction to the Paths of Carriedo-Escolta Street
• A.3 Nodes
• A.3.1 Nodes of Wangfujing Commercial Street
• A.3.2 Nodes of Carriedo-Escolta Street
• A.4 Landmarks
• A.4.1 Wangfujing Commercial Street Landmarks
• A.4.2 Carriedo-Escolta Street Landmarks
• A.5 Edges
• A.5.1 Edges of Wangfujing Commercial Street
• A.5.2 Edges of Carriedo-Escolta Street
• B. Urban Public Spaces
• B.1 Views on City Centers
• B.2 Architecture Culture and Sociology of Human-Scale Outdoor Spaces
• C. Definition of Streetscape
• Ⅳ. The Case Study of Wangfujing Commercial Street in Beijing
• A. Present Urban Design
• A.1 Master Plan
• A.1.1 Street Divisions
• A.1.2 Street Typology
• A.2 Plazas and Squares
• A.2.1 Arts and Crafts Emporium Plaza
• A.2.2 Haoyou Emporium Plaza
• A.2.3 Beijing Baihuo Building Plaza
• A.2.4 Lisheng Sports Building Plaza
• A.2.5 Wangfujing Church Plaza
• A.3 Pedestrian Traffic and Layout
• A.3.1 Pedestrian Layout
• A.3.2 Public Transportation Layout
• A.3.3 Architectural Character of Bus Stations and Subway Stations
• A.4 Street Profile
• A.4.1 Southern Block Street Profile
• A.4.2 Wangfujing Pedestrian Street Profile
• A.4.3 Northern Block Street Profile
• B. Present Street Furniture and Landscaping
• B.1 Landscaping
• B.1.1 Softscapes
• B.1.2 Flooring and Street Paving
• B.1.3 Water Features
• B.1.4 Landscape Lighting
• B.2 Street Furniture
• B.2.1 Typi cal Street Furniture
• B.2.2 Non-Typical Street Furniture
• B.3 Lighting
• B.3.1 Typical Street Lighting
• B.3.2 Outdoor Commercial Lighting: Flood Lights, Spotlights, and Building Lighting
• B.4 Environmental Graphics Design or #EGD
• B.4.1 Building Signages
• B.4.2 Storefront Signages
• B.4.3 Wayfinding:Road and Traffic Signs, Information Stands
• B.4.4 Street Advertising
• B.4.5 Place Markers
• B.5 Street Monuments, Sculptures, and other Street Installations
• B.6 Environmental Factors: Sun, Wind, and Rain
• C. Present Architectural Characteristics
• C.1 Southern Block
• C.2 Wangfujing Pedestrian Street
• C.3 Northern Block
• D. Present Activities and Events
• D.1 Pedestrian Activity at Plazas on Weekdays and Weekends
• D.1.1 Arts and Crafts Emporium
• D.1.2 Haoyou Emporium Plaza
• D.1.3 Beijing Baihuo Building
• D.1.4 Lisheng Sports Building Plaza
• D.1.5 Wangfuj ing Church Plaza
• D.2 Pedestrian Activities on Holidays
• D.2.1 Chinese New Year Holiday
• D.2.2 May Labor Day Holiday
• Ⅴ. The Case Study of Carriedo-Escolta Street in Manila
• A. Present Urban Design
• A.1 Master Plan
• A.1.1 Street Divisions
• A.1.2 Street Typology
• A.2 Plazas and Squares
• A.2.1 Plaza Miranda
• A.2.2 Minor Plaza of Quiapo Church
• A.2.3 Plaza Lacson or Plaza Goiti
• A.2.4 Plaza Moraga
• A.3 Pedestrian Traffic and Layout
• A.3.1 Pedestrian Layout
• A.3.2 Public Transportation Layout
• A.4 Street Profile
• A.4.1 Zone 1 Street Profile
• A.4.2 Zone 2 Street Profile
• A.4.3 Zone 3 Street Profile
• B. Present Street Furniture and Landscaping
• B.1 Landscaping
• B.1.1 Softscapes
• B.1.2 Flooring and Street Paving
• B.1.3 Water Features
• B.1.4 Landscape Lighting
• B.2 Street Furniture
• B.3 Lighting
• B.3.1 Typical Street Lighting
• B.3.2 Outdoor Commercial Lighting: Flood Lights, Spotlights, and Building Lighting
• B.4 Environmental Graphics Design or EGD
• B.4.1 Building Signages
• B.4.2 Storefront Signages
• B.4.3 Wayfinding:Road and Traffic Signs, Information Stands
• B.4.4 Street Advertising
• B.4.5 Place Markers
• B.5 Street Monuments, Sculptures, and other Street Installations
• B.6 Environmental Factors: Sun, Wind, and Rain
• C. Present Architectural Characteristics
• C.1 Zone1
• C.2 Zone2
• C.3 Zone3
• D. Present Activities and Events
• D.1 Pedestrian Activities at Plazas on Ordinary Weekdays and Holidays
• D.1.1 Plaza Miranda
• D.1.2 Minor Plaza of Quiapo Church
• D.1.3 Plaza Lacson
• D.1.4 Jones Bridge to Escolta Street
• D 1.5 Carriedo Street and Rizal Avenue Junction
• D.1.6 Escolta Street and Santa Cruz Church Junction
• Ⅵ. Comparative Study and Conclusion
• A. Qualities of Street Paths
• A.1 How Street Design Affects Continuity
• A.2 Line of Motion that is Clear and Direct
• A.3 Continuous Edges
• A.4 Pedestrian Areas
• A.4.1 Design and Location
• A.4.2 Connecting Pedestrian Zones to Transportation Networks
• A.4.3 Multi-functions of Pedestrian Areas
• A.4.4 Analysis and Evaluation
• A.5 Analysis on Light Design
• A.5.1 Sunlight Exposure
• A.5.2 Streetscape Night Illumination
• A.6 Analysis on Comfort Factors
• A.7 Analysis on Variety
• A.7.1 Variety in Building Design
• A.7.2 Variety of Functions
• B. Activity Diagrams
• B.1 Wangfujing Commercial Street
• B.1.1 Arts and Crafts Emporium Plaza
• B.1.2 Haoyou Emporium Plaza
• B.1.3 Beijing Baihou Building Plaza
• B.1.4 Lisheng Sports Building Plaza
• B.1.5 Wangfujing Church Plaza
• B.2 Carriedo-Escolta Street
• B.2.1 Plaza Miranda
• B.2.2 Minor Plaza of Quiapo Church
• B.2.3 Plaza Lacson or Plaza Goiti
• B.2.4 Zone 2 Junctions
• B.2.5 Jones Bridge and Escolta Street Junction
• B.3 Function of the Plazas
• B.3.1 Wangfujing Commercial Street
• B.3.2 Carriedo Escolta Street
• C. Conclusion
• References
• 致谢
• Appendix
• Appendix A-1: Wangfujing Commercial Street Table of Activities
• Appendix A-2: Carriedo-Escolta Street Table of Activities
• Appendix B-1: List of Wangfujing Commercial Street Floor Paving
• Appendix B-2: List of Carriedo-Escolta Street Floor Paving
• Resume