大学英语课堂内外学生会话结构对比研究

论文摘要

本研究基于对大学英语课堂内外的大量会话录音,运用会话分析理论,从话轮转换,反馈项目和修正三个角度对中国大学生英语课堂内外的会话结构进行了对比分析。研究目的旨在发现、总结中国大学生英语课堂内外的会话特点,并将两者进行比较,归纳其异同,以期对提高大学英语口语课堂教学的质量和效果提供一些可操作性的建议。本研究的主要发现有:1.在口语课堂上由于教师对话轮的控制权和教师的话语量过多,使学生的话语量相对较少。另外,在学生之间的交流中,由于课堂环境的影响,学生一般不会通过自选的方式获得话轮,而是机械地按照已准备的会话模式和句子进行交流。这样束缚了话题的切换和展开,也使得课堂上的交流有些失真。这点与课外自然环境下--英语角中的交际模式形成了鲜明的对比。在自然环境中,会话者之间可以随意切换话题,同时,也会大胆地争取话轮。2.由于教师对话轮的控制,使得学生对课堂失去了兴趣,也导致了学生对教师的语言性反馈较少。通过对英语角语料的分析,笔者发现在自然环境下,无论是语言性反馈还是非语言性反馈都明显多于课堂上的反馈。3.在课堂上,教师对学生的语言形式上的修正多于对信息内容的修正,即意义的修正。相比之下,在课外交流中,会话者更加注重的是对意义的修正而非语言形式的修正。针对以上研究结果,笔者从文化因素、面子理论及学习者心理等角度对其进行了分析和解释,并阐述了它们对英语教学和英语习得的启示。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• Introduction
• Chapter 1 Brief Introduction of Conversation Analysis Theory
• 1.1 Conversation Analysis and Discourse Analysis
• 1.2 Different views on Conversation Analysis
• 1.3 The Research Task and Methodology of Conversation Analysis
• 1.4 Relevant Basic Concepts of Conversation Description
• 1.4.1 Turn, Pair, Sequence
• 1.4.2 Act, Move, Exchange
• Chapter 2 Development and Achievements of Conversation Analysi
• 2.1 General Review
• 2.1.1 Relevant Specific Achievements at Abroad
• 2.1.2 Related Conversation Analysis Research at Home
• 2.2 Limitation of the Previous Researches
• Chapter 3 Statement of my Research
• 3.1 Creative Points of this Research
• 3.2 Reasons for Choosing this Topic
• 3.3 Objective and Significance of this Research
• 3.4 Questions of this Research
• Chapter 4 Methods of the Research
• 4.1 Setting Description
• 4.2 Research Procedures
• 4.3 Data Collection
• Chapter 5 Comparative Analysis of Conversation Structure in Class and after Class
• 5.1 Analysis of Turn-taking
• 5.1.1 Features of Turn-taking in English Corner
• 5.1.2 Features of Turn-taking in Class
• 5.2 Analysis of Back-channel Item
• 5.2.1 Features of Back-channel Item in English Corner
• 5.2.2 Features of Back-channel Item in Class
• 5.2.2.1 Influence of Teacher’s Back-channel Item on Students’Output
• 5.2.2.2 Analysis of Back-channel Item between Students
• 5.3 Analysis of Repair Mechanism
• 5.3.1 Features of Repair Mechanism in English Corner
• 5.3.2 Features of Repair in Class
• 5.4 Comparative Analysis in both Settings
• 5.5 Explanation of the Differences
• 5.5.1 Cultural Factors
• 5.5.2 Pragmatic explanation: Face Theory
• 5.5.3 Other Factors
• Conclusion
• Findings of the Research
• Enlightenment on Spoken English Teaching
• Limitation of this Research
• Bibliography
• Acknowledgements
• Appendix A （攻读学位期间发表论文目录）
• Appendix B