英汉称呼语的对比研究

论文摘要

作为语言最重要的层面之一，称呼语是社会语言学以及语用层面极具吸引力的研究领域之一。由于每种语言都有自己独特的称呼语以及称呼系统，正确的使用称呼语就成为了日常交往以及跨文化交际过程中一项非常重要的交际技能。称呼语的正确使用能够避免误解和交际失误从而达到交际的顺利进行。所以，对于这一语言现象的研究以及对于它们繁琐用法的研究和总结具有实际的意义和重要性。由于称呼语具有很大的灵活性，称呼语的动态使用就成为这篇论文研究的主旨。称呼语的动态使用是指说话者有意的对称呼语进行选择，并以此作为交际手段来达到一定的交际目的。这些在作者收集的语料中可以很明显的看出，从而发现称呼语的选用符合称呼语在语境中的语用功能。这篇论文的主要部分是对称呼语语用功能的探讨以及对英汉称呼语的不同用法进行详尽的分析和认真的总结。文章通过大量的例证分析证明，对功能进行了系统的研究和总结。同时这大量例证的支持下，本文对语用功能进行了新的分类，并且在之前的分类基础上，又加入了新的分类，对语用功能进行了扩展。这同时也是本文创新部分。论文的组织方法如下：第一章是关于称呼语的背景知识以及发展过程的简要介绍。第二章则是对于重要的文献以及语言学家重要的贡献做出了介绍，并且指出了本文研究的意义和重要性。之后的一个章节对于称呼语进行了尽可能详细的介绍，这些介绍包括定义，分类，语用特点以及使用称呼语的原因和作用。作为本论文中最重要的章节之一，第四章在大量语料例证的基础上，对称呼语的语用功能做了尽可能详尽的总结和归纳。在对语用功能分析的基础上，第五章在英汉两种语言称呼语在使用上的相同不同之处进行了总结和归纳。文章的最后对本文中作者的观点，建议以及局限性进行了最后的总结。

论文目录

• Acknowledgement
• 摘要
• Abstract
• Chapter One Introduction
• Chapter Two Literature Review of Address Forms
• 2.1 Foreign Scholars' Study on Address Forms
• 2.1.1 Roger Brown and Albert Gilman
• 2.1.2 Roger Brown and Marguerite Ford
• 2.1.3 Ervin-Tripp
• 2.1.4 Friedrike Braun
• 2.2 Chinese Scholars' Study on Address Forms
• 2.2.1 Research done by Chao Yuanren
• 2.2.2 Research done by Zhu Wanjin
• 2.2.3 Research done by Ti Yongshun
• 2.2.4 Research done by Tian Huigang
• 2.3 The significance of the research and the study of address forms
• Chapter Three General Survey of Address forms
• 3.1 Definitions of Address forms
• 3.2 Common Features of Address Forms
• 3.3 The Classifications of address forms in Chinese and English
• 3.3.1 Names
• 3.3.1.1 Full names and Given Names
• 3.3.1.2 Nicknames
• 3.3.1.3 Transferred, substitute and nonce names
• 3.3.2 Kinship terms and Fictive Kinship Terms
• 3.3.3 Titles
• 3.3.3.1 Social titles
• 3.3.3.2 Professional titles
• 3.3.3.3 Official titles
• 3.3.4 Endearment terms
• 3.3.5 Pronouns
• 3.3.6 Common nouns
• 3.4 The functions and reasons in using address forms
• 3.4.1 The functions in using address forms
• 3.4.2 The reasons in using the address forms
• Chapter Four Sociopragmatic functions of address forms
• 4.1 Illocutionary Function
• 4.1.1 Expressive Function
• 4.1.1.1. Apology
• 4.1.1.2 Gratitude
• 4.1.1.3 Congratulation
• 4.1.1.4 Reluctance and Showing Pities
• 4.1.1.5 Greetings and Partings
• 4.1.1.6 Satire and irony
• 4.1.1.7 Pleasure and excitement
• 4.1.1.8 Jealousy
• 4.1.1.9 Criticism and complaints
• 4.1.2 Directive Function
• 4.1.2.1 Request
• 4.1.2.2 Rebuke
• 4.1.2.3 Order
• 4.1.3 Declarative Function
• 4.1.4 Representative Function
• 4.1.4.1 Agreement or Disagreement
• 4.1.4.2 Assertion or Rhetorical Function
• 4.1.4.3 Conclusion
• 4.1.4.4 Description
• 4.1.5 Commisive Function
• 4.1.5.1 Promise
• 4.1.5.2 Threats
• 4.1.5.3 Refusal
• 4.1.5.4 Pledge
• 4.2 Interpersonal function
• 4.2.1 Reflection of Role Relationship
• 4.2.2 Reflection of Social Distance
• 4.2.3 Multiple Choices of Address Forms in Certain Context
• 4.2.3.1 Facilitation of Interpersonal Relationship through Change of Address Forms
• 4.2.3.2 Deterioration of Interpersonal Relationship through Change of Address forms
• Chapter Five A Contrastive Study of Usages between English and Chinese Address Forms
• 5.1 Contrastive Study of Names between Chinese and English
• 5.1.1 Contrastive Study of full names between English and Chinese
• 5.1.2 Contrastive Study of Given Names between English and Chinese
• 5.1.3 Contrastive Study of Surnames between English and Chinese
• 5.1.4 Contrastive Study of Nonce names and Nicknames between English and Chinese
• 5.2 English Kinship Terms and Chinese Kinship Terms
• 5.2.1 Fictive Use of English Kinship Terms and Chinese Kinship Terms
• 5.2.2 Reflection of Paternal and Maternal Relationship
• 5.2.3 The similarities in using the kinship terms
• 5.3 English Titles and Chinese Titles
• 5.3.1 English Social Titles and Chinese Social Titles
• 5.3.2 English Official Titles and Chinese Official Titles
• 5.3.3 English Occupational Titles and Chinese Occupational Titles
• 5.4 Contrastive Study of Endearment terms
• 5.5 Contrastive Study of Pronouns
• 5.6 Contrastive Study of common nouns between Chinese and English
• Chapter Six Summery of the study
• 6.1 The significance of the present study
• 6.1.1 Consolidation of the relationship between different countries
• 6.1.2 Contribution to the practice of translation
• 6.1.3 Promotion the present study of English
• 6.2 The limitations of the present study
• 6.3 The suggestions and perspective of future studies
• Bibliography