翻译生态环境下戏剧翻译中的译者主体性 ——以杨宪益《卖花女》中译本为例

翻译生态环境下戏剧翻译中的译者主体性 ——以杨宪益《卖花女》中译本为例

论文摘要

译者在翻译中的主体性介入已得到译界普遍认同与关注,它对整个翻译过程具有决定性作用。译界普遍认为,译者主体性是主观能动性、受动性及为我性三者之间的辩证统一。自“文化转向”以来,国内外翻译研究者一直致力于对译者主体性的多维研究,翻译生态学更是将译者主体性置于广泛的生态环境之中,将翻译研究与生态研究有机结合起来。本文试图从翻译生态学理论出发,通过描述性研究进一步探讨译者主体性在戏剧翻译活动中的体现及其对戏剧翻译的重大影响。戏剧是一种特殊的文学形式,其“文学”和“表演”二元性使得戏剧翻译成为“翻译研究中问题最多、最被忽视的一个领域”(Bassnett,2004,p.119),同时也决定了戏剧翻译者的两难境地:译本是适合读者阅读欣赏,还是适合舞台演出。由于戏剧可演可读,文化内涵丰富,表达形式灵活多样,译者拥有更广阔的创造空间,因而对戏剧翻译者的主体性研究更具有说服力和代表性。戏剧翻译也是一种人类活动,也有自己的生态环境,戏剧译者在选择翻译方法和策略时必然受到自然、社会、规范及译者生理和心理等各种生态环境因素的影响和制约。翻译生态学认为,翻译就是“译者适应翻译生态环境的选择活动”(胡庚申,2004,P.39)。因此,从翻译生态学角度深入研究戏剧翻译中的译者主体性具有重要作用。鉴于实践永远是检验真理的唯一标准,本文从翻译生态学出发,以杨宪益中译本《卖花女》为例进行描述性研究,分析了戏剧翻译的影响因素并详细阐述了译者主体性在翻译生态环境中的体现以及对戏剧翻译的作用。笔者得出结论,戏剧翻译同其他文学翻译一样,必然受其翻译生态环境的影响。然而,由于戏剧具有“文学性”和“表演性”双重特性,译者在戏剧翻译中比在其他文学翻译中的主体性更强,通过适应性选择和选择性适应实现原作在语言及非语言层面上的转化,使译本可读、可演,真正传原作之神、达原作之意。笔者还认为,翻译生态学为戏剧翻译的译者主体性研究提供了更科学、更有效的理论视角,为戏剧翻译实践提供了新的评价标准。翻译生态学可作为戏剧翻译尤其是戏剧英汉翻译的指导理论。

论文目录

  • 中文摘要
  • ABSTRACT
  • Chapter One Introduction
  • 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE RESEARCH
  • 1.2 PURPOSE OF THE RESEARCH
  • 1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESEARCH
  • 1.4 STRUCTURE OF THE THESIS .
  • CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW
  • 2.1 TRANSLATOR’S SUBJECTIVITY
  • 2.1.1 Definition of Translator’s Subjectivity
  • 2.2.2 Translator’s Subjectivity Manifested in Translation Theories
  • 2.2 A BRIEF REVIEW OF THE PREVIOUS STUDIES ON DRAMA TRANSLATION
  • 2.2.1 Studies of Drama Translation in the West
  • 2.2.2 Studies of Drama Translation in China
  • 2.3 SUMMARY
  • Chapter Three Translation Ecology and Eco-environment of Translation
  • 3.1 TRANSLATION ECOLOGY AND TRANSLATOR’S SUBJECTIVITY
  • 3.1.1 Translation as Adaptation and Selection
  • 3.1.2 Translation Ecology
  • 3.2 SUBJECTIVITY UNDER THE ECO-ENVIRONMENT OF TRANSLATION
  • 3.3 SUMMARY
  • CHAPTER FOUR TRANSLATOR’S SUBJECTIVITY IN YANG XIANYI’S DRAMA TRANSLATION UNDER ECO-ENVIRONMENT OF TRANSLATION
  • 4.1 REVIEW
  • 4.2 CASE STUDY
  • 4.3 TRANSLATOR’S SUBJECTIVITY IN YANG’S CHINESE VERSION UNDER ECO-ENVIRONMENT OF TRANSLATION
  • 4.3.1 Subjectivity under Natural Environment of Translation
  • 4.3.2 Subjectivity under Social Environment of Translation
  • 4.3.3 Subjectivity under Normative Environment of Translation
  • 4.3.4 Subjectivity under Translator’s Psychological Environment of Translation
  • 4.3.5 Summary
  • CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSION
  • 5.1 MAJOR FINDINGS
  • 5.2 IMPLICATIONS
  • 5.3 LIMITATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH
  • ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
  • REFERENCES
  • APPENDIX 作者在攻读硕士学位期间发表的论文目录
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    翻译生态环境下戏剧翻译中的译者主体性 ——以杨宪益《卖花女》中译本为例
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