中诗英译方法论

中诗英译方法论

论文摘要

中国的古诗是世界艺术的瑰宝,然而由于中文的在世界的普及程度,近代之前很少有西方的读者能够领略其深邃独特的艺术风格。很少有英语读者了解,他们欣赏的中国古诗的译本,实际上是对中国古诗的误读。结果,几千年来中国古诗的在华人文化中大放异彩,在世界文学里却由于语言障碍而没有获得应有的地位。那么,看译本的英语读者,怎么才能像华人一样,真正读懂中国占诗的美呢?假若不可能,问题出在何处?答案牵涉到文化,历史和思维方式等诸方面。但对中国古诗研究来说,这诸多方面提供的是一个新议题——中国古诗的可译性。 中国古诗的可译性一直是文学翻译评论中的热门话题,但是大部分评论都偏爱以相同的标准去评价译文。如国内流行的某些评论的文章认为,诗歌翻译理论只能遵照“信达雅”的标准。实际上,该原则是从译者角度提出的,只是翻译领域的理想目标,其译文仅适合精通英汉双语的读者。现实中的中诗英译,服务对象是应是对中国和中国文化知之甚少的英语读者。时代不同,读者的需求也各自不同,导致不同的译者采用不同的评价标准。于是他们的译文或是突出原语特征(中文),或是强调目的语优势(英文)。用同样的标准评判某译文的好坏,很容易造成是非不分,所以,重新给中诗英译分类,是一个值得探讨的议题。 本文以与把中诗英译划分为三种。第一种是传统译法,即强调忠实于原文,又要求符合英语行文规则。此类译文的译者尽管在如何处理原文的音、形、意上以上意见不同,但是都一致认为翻译就是在得失之间相互妥协,以求平衡。本文通过案例分析,列出译诗及见解,证明传统译法的译文仅受中国读者的喜爱,在英语读者中却难获得相同的效果。 依然传统译法表现原文常常失真,就该寻求一种新的方式,让一个英语读者理解中诗的精髓。直译法只求体现原文的精细美,不需考虑英文语法的规则。采用直译法的译文通常被误解为逐字死译。其实对简洁细致的山水诗来说,这不失为一个好的选择。研究中国文学的外国学生大多可以从译文中品出汉诗的原汁原味。和传统译法相比,直译法很难创造出独立的文学作品,但却能够给中国文学研究提供更好的素材。 第三种是以庞德为代表的改译法,随意删改原文字义,以便译者自由发挥。

论文目录

  • Acknowledgements
  • Abstract in Chinese
  • Abstract in English
  • Introduction
  • Chapter One The Traditional Way Of Chinese Poetry Translation
  • 1.1 Formal Debates on Chinese Poetry Translation
  • 1.2 A Case Analysis of Versions of Li Bai's Night Thoughts
  • 1.3 A New Trial for Li Bai's Night Thoughts
  • 1.3.1 A Brief Evaluation of This Poem from a Chinese Point of View
  • 1.3.2 The Omission and Transformation I Make For the Translation of this Poem
  • 1.3.3 The Endless Trial for Li Bai's Night Thoughts
  • Chapter Two The Literal Way Of Chinese Poetry Translation
  • 2.1 Problems of Translating Chinese Poetry in the Traditional Way
  • 2.2 The Unwanted Distortion in the Translation of Chinese Nature Poetry
  • 2.2.1 What is Classic Chinese Nature Poetry
  • 2.2.2 The Dilemma That Lies In the Translation of Nature Poetry
  • 2.3 Transliteration in Nature Poetry
  • 2.4 The Lines That Only Can Be Translated In the Literal Way
  • 2.5 A Convincing Reason for Possible Transliteration of Chinese Nature Poetry
  • Chapter Three The Adaptive Way Of Chinese Poetry Translation
  • 3.1 The Definition of the Adaptive Way of Chinese Poetry Translation
  • 3.2 Pound's Position in the History of Chinese Poetry Translation
  • 3.3 Pound's Particular Works and Their Differences from the Versions of Other Translators
  • Conclusion
  • Bibliography
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    中诗英译方法论
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