论文摘要
野木瓜( Stauntonia chinensis DC. )为木通科( Lardizabalacea )野木瓜属植物,是一种传统中药,被广泛用于镇痛和抗炎。野木瓜除含有丰富的皂苷外,还含有黄酮类化合物、酚性成分、糖类化合物、多种维生素和多种矿物质等。野木瓜皂苷具有多种生物活性,如护肝、抑癌、抗炎、增强免疫能力,以及降血糖和抗氧化等作用。本文以野木瓜总皂苷含量为评价指标对比研究了闪式提取、乙醇回流提取和超声波提取3种方法对野木瓜藤茎部位总皂苷的提取效果。结果表明,利用闪式提取法所提取的野木瓜茎中总皂苷含量明显高于其他2种提取方法。闪式提取作为一种新的提取方法,具有省时、安全等优点,可认为是从野木瓜茎中提取总皂苷的一种更为快速、高效和安全的新方法。目前,对野木瓜化学成分的研究报导还不是很多,生物活性成分也尚未研究清楚,这在某种程度上阻碍了野木瓜药用价值的开发。本研究为了进一步地了解该植物生物活性的物质基础,使野木瓜的药用价值要得到充分开发利用,我们对来源于广西南宁的野木瓜的化学成分进行了研究。利用系统溶剂提取法,正相和反相硅胶柱色谱、制备高效液相色谱法等现代分离技术,从野木瓜藤茎的正丁醇提取物中得到40个化合物,通过化学和现代波谱学方法鉴定了23个化合物,其中10个齐墩果烷型皂苷类化合物,6个萜类化合物,6个酚类化合物和1个甾体化合物。化合物5,6,17为新化合物,化合物1和10为首次从该属植物中分离得到的化合物。新化合物分别命名为:28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-30-norhederagenin ( 5 ), 3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-30-norhederagenin ( 6 ), 2-methoxy-4-[(1S,2S)-1,2,3- trihydroxypropyl]phenyl 1-O-β-D-{6-O-[(4-hydroxy-5-methoxy)benzoyl)]}- glucopyranoside ( 17 ). 20个已知化合物分别鉴定为:3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-hederagenin ( 1 ), 3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→3)-a-L- rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-hederagenin ( 2 ), 3-O-α-L- arabinopyranosyl-hederagenin-28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester ( 3 ), 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D- glucopyranosyl-hederagenin ( 4 ), 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-30-norhederagenin ( 7 ), 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-30-norhederagenin-28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester ( 8 ), 3-O-α-L- arabinopyranosyl-30-norhederagenin-28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester ( 9 ), 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-Akebonic acid ( 10 ), 29-hydroxy-oleanolic acid ( 11 ), 3-epi-29-hydroxy-oleanolicacid ( 12 ), 30-norhederagenin ( 13 ), 3-epi-30- norhederagenin ( 14 ), hederagenin ( 15 ), vomifoliol ( 16 ), 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphe-nyl)ethyl,6-[(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoate]-β-D-glucopyranoside ( 18 ),1-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-[4-hydroxy-3-methoxy]phenyl ( 19 ), N-trans-feruloyltyramine ( 20 ), Stauntophenoside A ( 21 ), dehydrodiconiferylalcohol( 22 ),β-daucosterol( 23 ).
论文目录
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