论英语提升动词

论文摘要

近年来,提升与控制理论愈来愈引起语言学家的注意。本文在管约论的框架下对英语提升结构中的提升动词进行句法分析。论文首先阐明了与提升动词紧密相关的理论,分别是题元理论,格理论,X-bar理论和名词短语移位;接着介绍了提升动词的定义及分类。在英语中,导致分句主语通过名词短语移位提升至主句主语或宾语位置的动词,被称为提升动词（raising verb）。根据动词性质,可将提升动词分为两类:主语提升动词,如seem,appear,happen等;宾语提升动词,如believe,imagine,prefer等。英语中还存在一类界限模糊的动词,这类动词在某些情况下发挥提升动词的作用,因此亦被视为提升动词,如be,begin,promise,want等。本文主要分析了提升动词的语法特征:1.典型提升动词seem的语法特征分析;2.所有的提升动词都不能指派题元角色;3.虚义代词it,there可作提升动词的主语;4.提升动词不能指派结构格;5.在提升结构中提升动词没有被动态。提升动词与控制动词、被动式动词的区分也成为语法研究中的重点和难点。为了更清楚细致的理解提升动词,本文将其与控制动词和被动式动词进行了比较。提升动词与控制动词的区别是:1.题元角色指派差;2.非限定性不定式补语分句的被动语态的差;3.主语的语义选择的差;4.虚义主语使用差;提升动词与被动式动词的区别是:1.题元角色指派差;2.结构格指派差。

论文目录

• Acknowledgements
• Abstract in Chinese
• Abstract in English
• Preface in Chinese
• 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Goals and significance of the study of English raising verb
• 1.2 Structure of the thesis
• 2 Literature Review
• 3 Theoretical Framework
• 3.1 Theta theory
• 3.2 Case theory
• 3.3 X-bar theory
• 3.4 NP movement
• 4 Understanding of English Raising Verb
• 4.1 The definition of raising verb
• 4.2 The classification of raising verb
• 4.2.1 Subject-to-subject raising verb
• 4.2.2 Subject-to-object raising verb
• 4.3 Arguments about some raising verbs
• 4.3.1 BE as a special raising verb
• 4.3.2 Puzzled ones:begin promise and threaten
• 4.3.3 Puzzled ones:want and prefer
• 5 Features of English Raising Verb
• 5.1 The grammatical property of seem
• 5.2 The thematic role assignment
• 5.3 The relation with dummy subject:it and there
• 5.4 The structural case assignment
• 5.5 The restriction of passivization
• 6.Comparison between Raising Verb and Some Other Verbs
• 6.1 Comparison between raising verb and control verb
• 6.1.1 The definition of control verb
• 6.1.2 Differences between control verb and raising verb
• 6.2.Comparison between raising verb and passive verb
• 6.2.1 Passive verb and its morphological feature
• 6.2.2 Similarities between passive verb and raising verb
• 7 Conclusion
• References