英语政治演说的批评性话语分析 ——对邱吉尔的“关于希特勒入侵苏联的讲话”的实例分析

英语政治演说的批评性话语分析 ——对邱吉尔的“关于希特勒入侵苏联的讲话”的实例分析

论文摘要

批评话语分析(CDA)认为语言是一种社会实践,语言和社会结构是密不可分的。而意识形态作为社会上层建筑,是社会结构中的一个重要方面。本文以韩礼德的系统功能语法为工具,采用费尔克拉夫三维分析模式来对邱吉尔的“关于希特勒入侵苏联的讲话”这则政治演说进行批评性分析,以此探讨语言与意识形态的关系,以及展示演说者如何通过语言的选择传播他们的意志和观点;挖掘政治演说背后的意识形态,让人们清楚看到国家权力如何利用语言来帮助达到政治目的。本论文共由五章组成。第一章为引论,主要介绍本文的研究背景,理论基础和研究方法,研究目的及拟解决的关键问题,以及本研究的意义。第二章概述了对政治演说前人所做的研究及局限性,提出批评性话语分析用于政治演说研究可弥补前人研究的不足。第三章从功能语言学理论和费尔克拉夫的批评话语分析模式两种角度,简要概述与本论文相关的理论框架。第四章是实例分析,在批评话语分析的功能框架内对邱吉尔的这篇政治演说进行分析,通过分析发现语言从本质上具有意识形态性,语篇中语言的特征如:及物性、词汇的使用、情态动词、人称代词、主位结构的选择等都取决于语言的功能和演说者的意识形态。第五章是本文的结论,对全文的分析做了总结及提出了对外语教学的启示,并指出本论文的不足之处以及今后研究的建议。对政治演说的批评性话语分析为我们提供了不同的语言分析视角,同时也证明了费尔克拉夫的三维分析模式和韩礼德的系统功能语法在政治演说的批评性话语分析中的可行性。此外,批评性话语分析还有助于提高人们批评性阅读的能力和培养人们的批评性意识。为外语语篇阅读教学提供了新的思路,推动了英语阅读教学。通过分析也再次验证了批评话语分析的观点,即语言是一种社会实践,语言的选择不可避免的受到潜在的意识形态的影响。通过对政治演说批评性分析,意在显示出话语是如何建构事件的以及意识形态是如何受到社会政治因素的影响的。

论文目录

  • Abstract
  • 摘要
  • Chapter 1 Introduction
  • 1.1 Research background
  • 1.2 Theoretical and methodological orientations of this study
  • 1.3 Objectives and research questions of the study
  • 1.4 Significance of this study
  • 1.5 Organization of this thesis
  • Chapter 2 Literature Review
  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Studies on political speech
  • 2.2.1 Definition of political speech
  • 2.2.2 Previous studies of political speech
  • 2.2.3 Limitations of previous studies
  • 2.3 Studies on critical discourse analysis (CDA)
  • 2.3.1 Definition of CDA
  • 2.3.2 From discourse analysis to critical discourse analysis
  • 2.3.3 Theoretical origins of CDA
  • 2.3.4 previous studies of political speech from CDA
  • 2.4 Some key points of CDA
  • 2.4.1 Language as social practice
  • 2.4.2 Language and power
  • 2.4.3 Language and ideology
  • 2.5 Summary
  • Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework of the Present Study
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Fairclough’s three-dimensional model of CDA
  • 3.2.1 Description
  • 3.2.2 Interpretation
  • 3.2.3 Explanation
  • 3.3 Halliday’s systemic-functional grammar
  • 3.3.1 Ideational function
  • 3.3.2 Interpersonal function
  • 3.3.3 Textual function
  • 3.4 The relationship between CDA and SFL
  • 3.5 Summary
  • Chapter 4 Critical Discourse Analysis of the Political Speech from Functional Perspective
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Description of the speech
  • 4.2.1 Ideational function
  • 4.2.2 Interpersonal function
  • 4.2.3 Textual function
  • 4.3 Interpretation
  • 4.3.1 What’s going on
  • 4.3.2 Who's involved and in what relations
  • 4.3.3 What's the role of language in what's going on
  • 4.4 Explanation
  • 4.4.1 Social context
  • 4.4.2 Power relation in the political speech
  • 4.5 Summary
  • Chapter 5 Conclusion
  • 5.1 Summary of major findings
  • 5.2 Pedagogical implications
  • 5.3 Limitations and suggestions
  • References
  • Appendix
  • Acknowledgements
  • 在读期间公开发表论文(著)及科研情况
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    英语政治演说的批评性话语分析 ——对邱吉尔的“关于希特勒入侵苏联的讲话”的实例分析
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