《红字》二译本语用标记等效原则之对比研究

论文摘要

“语用标记等效原则”(Pragmatic Markedness Equivalence Principle,下文简称PMEP)是侯国金博士从语用学角度发展传统的标记理论,根据美国翻译理论家奈达(1964)的“功能等效原则”发展而来的二级原则。本论文旨在从侯国金的语用标记等效原则出发,以美国小说家霍桑最杰出的代表作《红字》在中国20世纪80年代初期和90年代末期的2个译本进行对比研究。这两种译本,一是1982年12月由上海译文出版社出版的侍桁的《红字》泽本(以下简称译文版),另一则是1998年5月由译林出版社推出的姚乃强的《红字》译本(以下简称译林版)。所依据的原著为外语教学与研究出版社出版的《红字》1992年1月第1版。侍桁先生早在40年代即将《红字》译成中文,后几经修订出版;而姚乃强先生的译本则是新近问世的。鉴于此小说的一个特殊主题:Adultery(通奸),处在不同时期的两位译者在各自的译本中进行了不同的诠释。文中笔者拟使用侯国金博士语用标记等效原则12条次则中的措辞、修辞和句式三个方面对比《红字》两种译本与原文的标记价值。文章可分为六个章节。第一章简单介绍了《红字》中译本的研究现状以及本文的假设和研究方法。第二章主要阐述了标记理论及侯国金教授提出的语用标记等效原则理论。第三章主要阐述了:1)两位译者不同的社会历史背景与他们的措辞;2)从英汉文化差异看两译者在其措辞中对语用标记的处理。第四章讨论了两个译本在句法上对语用标记的处理。第五章是关于两译本在修辞风格上对语用标记的处理。第六章是结论部分。在本文中笔者意欲探究侯国金博士的“语用标记等效原则”在两个译本的翻译比较上是否有很好的体现。

论文目录

• Acknowledgement
• Abstract in English
• Abstract in Chinese
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Literature Review
• 1.2 Assumptions
• 1.3 Methodology
• 1.4 Contribution
• Chapter 2 Background of Pragmatic Markedness Theory
• 2.1 Markedness
• 2.2 Markedness Theory
• 2.3 Pragmatic Markedness
• 2.4 Pragmatic-Markedness Equivalence Principle in Translation
• 2.4.1 Equivalence in Translation
• 2.4.2 Pragmatic-Markedness Equivalence Principle
• Chapter 3 Contrastive Study on the Evaluation of Pragmatic Markedness in the Two Versions' Wording
• 3.1 The Two Translators' Social and Historical Background and Their Wording
• 3.1.1 The Social and Historical Background of Shi's Version
• 3.1.2 The Social and Historical Background of Yao's Version
• 3.1.3 The Two Translators' Different Evaluation of the Pragmatic Markedness of Wording in Their Versions in Light of Their Historical Background
• 3.2 Cultural Differences and the Two Translators' Evaluation of Pragmatic Markedness in their Wording
• 3.2.1 Religious Differences and the Two Translators' Evaluation of Pragmatic Markedness in Their Wording
• 3.2.2 Different Historical Background of English and Chinese and the Two Translators' Evaluation of Pragmatic Markedness in Their Wording
• Chapter 4 Contrastive Study on the Evaluation of Pragmatic Markedness in the Two Versions' Syntax
• 4.1 A Simple Introduction to Syntax
• 4.2 PMEP in Syntax
• 4.3 The Two Versions' Evaluation of the Pragmatic Markedness in Their Syntax
• 4.3.1 Word Order in Syntax
• 4.3.2 Negation and Markedness in Syntax
• 4.3.3 Markedness of Subject and Object in Syntax
• Chapter 5 Contrastive Study on the Evaluation of Pragmatic Markedness in the Two Versions' Rhetoric Styles
• 5.1 An Introduction to Rhetoric Styles
• 5.2 PMEP in Rhetoric Styles
• 5.3 The Two Versions' Evaluation of the Pragmatic Markedness in Their Rhetoric Styles
• Chapter 6 Conclusions
• A List of Abbreviations and Symbols
• Bibliography