对英语语调的使用及理解的关联认知研究

论文摘要

本文以关联理论为框架,以明示推理交际及关联原则为切入点,对英语语调的使用和理解进行阐释。本文以明示推理交际模式为基础,来分析英语语调的使用和理解。一个完整的交际过程包括明示和推理两个方面。作者认为英语语调作为一种交际形式,是一种明示行为。说话者做出明示行为是为了实现两个目标:第一是为了激活听话者的一系列语境假设;第二是使她的信息意图明显于听话者。说话者使用语调有意去限制听话者的推理程序:英语语调作为一种有效的明示手段,能够强调命题信息、加强命题内容的力度以及对命题内容表达态度,它能够帮助听话者识别说话人所期待的语境,获得语境假设,从而减少听话者的信息处理努力,进而来限制听话者的推理过程,帮助听话者推测说话者话语的正确含义,促进实现成功交际。本文还根据关联原则,在演绎推理的基础上对英语语调的使用和理解进行了研究分析。作者认为英语语调的使用指示了话语与语境之间的关系。在交际过程中,说话者的话语总是有着可靠的关联假设,说话者使用英语语调来指示关联假设,制约了听话者对语境假设的选择。说话者必须使自己的话语具有足够的关联性,以引起听话者的注意,而听话者会自动认为说话者的话语具有最佳关联性,他充分利用英语语调所指示的联系把说话者提供的关联信息和自己的认知语境结合起来,进而实现最佳关联,同时也会实现说话者的信息意图。英语语调还能通过表达非关联假设的方式来起到指示关联的作用。关联理论认为如果话语具有语境效果,那么话语就有关联性。一些看起来似乎表达非关联假设的话语其本身其实具有极强的关联性,只要交际行为本身具有关联性,那些呈现非关联假设的话语同样能实现关联。

论文目录

• Acknowledgements
• Abstract
• 摘要
• Chapter One Introduction
• 1.1 The Background of the Study
• 1.2 The Significance of the Study
• 1.3 The Structure of the Thesis
• Chapter Two A Literature Review
• 2.1 The Phonetics Approach to the English Intonation
• 2.2 The Attitudinal Approach to the English Intonation
• 2.3 A Study of the Grammar- and Syntax-based View
• 2.4 The Pragmatic Approach to the English Intonation
• 2.5 Summary
• Chapter Three Theoretical Framework and Research Methodology
• 3.1 A Sketch of Relevance Theory
• 3.1.1 The Ostensive-inferential Communication
• 3.1.2 The Principle of Relevance
• 3.2 Research Methodology
• 3.3 Summary
• Chapter Four The Ostensive-inferential Communication in the Use and Comprehension of the English Intonation
• 4.1 The Use and Comprehension of the English Intonation Based on the Ostensive-inferential Communication
• 4.2 The English Intonation as a Means of Ostension
• 4.3 The English Intonation to Constraint the Inferential Procedure
• 4.3.1 The English Intonation to Highlight the Propositional Information
• 4.3.2 The English Intonation to Strengthen the Force of the Propositional
• 4.3.3 The English Intonation to Express Attitudes towards the Propositional Content
• 4.4 Summary
• Chapter Five The Principle of Relevance in the Use and Comprehension of the English Intonation
• 5.1 The Use and Comprehension of the English Intonation Based on the Principle of Relevance
• 5.1.1 The English Intonation to Indicate the Relationship between the Utterance and the Context
• 5.1.2 The English Intonation to Indicate the Presumption of Relevance
• 5.2 The Optimal Relevance in the Use and Comprehension of the English Intonation
• 5.3 The English Intonation to Indicate Relevance Achieved by Expressing Irrelevant Contextual Assumptions
• 5.4 Summary
• Chapter Six Conclusion
• 6.1 Major Findings of the Thesis
• 6.2 Limitations of the Research
• Bibliography
• Appendix A
• Appendix B