汉英词典翻译中的语用失误研究

论文摘要

作为具有权威性的工具书,汉英词典在翻译和对外汉语教学实践中起着重要作用,而判断一本汉英词典成功与否的关键因素之一是其翻译质量的好坏。语用学是一门相对较新的语言学分支,在最近几十年得到了快速发展。越来越多的国内外词典学家开始关注语用学原理在词典编纂实践中的运用,然而大部分词典学家所关注的是如何在词典中编排、体现语用信息,却很少从语用学的视角去把握词典翻译的质量。因此,汉英词典的翻译中存在着大量的语用失误。如何避免这些语用失误成为了改善词典翻译的当务之急。因此,本文把语用学与词典翻译相结合,在语用学理论、词典翻译的原则的指导下,运用个案研究的方法,探讨四本汉英词典——《新时代汉英大词典》,《新世纪汉英大词典》,《汉英词典》及《汉英词典》(修订版)——翻译中所存在的语用失误,分析导致这些失误的原因,并提出相应的解决方案。本文首先探讨了语用学、翻译及词典翻译三者的关系,阐明词典翻译应具备的原则与特色,并且提出了从语用视角进行词典翻译的方法。其次,通过大量的例证,本文指出了现今汉英词典翻译中所存在的语用失误,并且分析了其成因。最后,针对这些语用失误,本文提出了一些在汉英词典翻译中避免语用失误的对策。

论文目录

• Abstract
• 摘要
• CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION
• 1.1 RESEARCH BACKGROUND
• 1.2 THE SCOPE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THIS STUDY
• 1.3 THE ORGANIZATION OF THIS THESIS
• CHAPTER TWO PRAGMATICS AND PRAGMATIC INFORMATION IN THE DICTIONARY
• 2.1 PRAGMATICS
• 2.1.1 A Brief Introduction of Pragmatics and Its Development
• 2.1.2 Pragmatics and Dictionary Making
• 2.2 PRAGMATIC INFORMATION IN THE DICTIONARY
• 2.2.1 Categories of Pragmatic Information
• 2.2.2 Treatment of Pragmatic Information in the Dictionary
• 2.3 SUMMARY
• CHAPTER THREE PRAGMATICS AND DICTIONARY TRANSLATION
• 3.1 CHARACTERISTICS OF DICTIONARY TRANSLATION
• 3.1.1 Comprehensive and Systematic
• 3.1.2 Objective and Relatively Context-independent
• 3.2 PRINCIPLES OF DICTIONARY TRANSLATION
• 3.2.1 Faithfulness
• 3.2.2 Readability
• 3.2.3 Objectivity
• 3.2.4 Practicability
• 3.3 A PRAGMATIC APPROACH TO DICTIONARY TRANSLATION
• 3.3.1 The Pragmalinguistic Approach to Dictionary Translation
• 3.3.2 The Sociopragmatic Approach to Dictionary Translation
• 3.4 SUMMARY
• CHAPTER FOUR PRAGMATIC FAILURE
• 4.1 THE NATURE OF PRAGMATIC FAILURE
• 4.2 CLASSIFICATION OF PRAGMATIC FAILURE
• 4.2.1 Pragmalinguistic Failure
• 4.2.2 Sociopragmatic Failure
• 4.3 GRAMMATICAL ERRORS AND PRAGMATIC FAILURE
• 4.4 SUMMARY
• CHAPTER FIVE PRAGMATIC FAILURE IN C-E DICTIONARY TRANSLATION
• 5.1 PRAGMALINGUISTIC FAILURES IN C-E DICTIONARY TRANSLATION
• 5.1.1 Failure in Identifying the Implicit Pragmatic Force
• 5.1.2 Failure in Identifying the Words’Marked Features
• 5.1.3 Failure in Choosing Appropriate Language Forms
• 5.2 SOCIOPRAGMATIC FAILURES IN C-E DICTIONARY TRANSLATION
• 5.2.1 Failure in Identifying the Connotative Meanings
• 5.2.2 Failure in Transference of Values
• 5.2.3 Failure in Translating Different Word Systems
• 5.3 SUMMARY
• CHAPTER SIX STRATEGIES TO AVOID PRAGMATIC FAILURE IN C-E DICTIONARY TRANSLATION
• 6.1 THE NECESSITY OF AVOIDING PRAGMATIC FAILURE IN C-E DICTIONARY TRANSLATION
• 6.2 STRATEGIES TO AVOID PRAGMALINGUISTIC FAILURE IN C-E DICTIONARY TRANSLATION
• 6.2.1 Provide More Context Information through Illustrative Examples
• 6.2.2 Add Pictorial Illustrations
• 6.3 STRATEGIES TO AVOID SOCIOPRAGMATIC FAILURE IN C-E DICTIONARY TRANSLATION
• 6.3.1 Provide Cultural Background Information through Cultural Notes
• 6.3.2 Provide Detailed Usage Labels
• 6.3.3 Provide Usage Notes
• 6.3.4 Create New Equivalents and Add Glosses to Value-specific Words
• 6.4 SUMMARY
• CHAPTER SEVEN CONCLUSION
• BIBLIOGRAPHY
• ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS