《绝望的主妇》中话语标记语“So”的语用功能及其翻译

论文摘要

话语标记语在交际中几乎无处不在,对其正确的理解和使用不仅可以使说话者的话语表达更加连贯,还有助于更好得理解他人的话语。因此,对话语标记语的研究有着重要的理论价值和实践意义。随着语用学的发展,话语标记语的研究已经成了语言研究中发展十分迅速的一个领域,学者们都倾向于在语用功能的领域中研究话语标记语。然而,尽管对话语标记语的研究很多,从语用和翻译结合的角度分析话语标记语的研究却相对较少。SO作为话语标记语在不同语境条件下表现出多种语用功能。它只不过是一种标记,不构成话语的基本语义或命题意义,但却具有丰富的语用效应。本文作者就美国电视连续剧《绝望的主妇》中话语标记语SO在对话中的语用功能进行了分析,探讨如何在翻译中体现话语标记语SO的语用效应。全文分为四章。第一章阐述了前人在话语标记领域内的研究成果和本研究依托的理论背景,并简要介绍了本文的研究目的及意义。第二章和第三章是本论文的核心。作者就《绝望的主妇》中第一季出现的话语标记语SO进行详尽的数据搜集,并根据其出现的上下文做了具体而系统的语用功能分析。研究结果表明,语料中出现的378次话语标记语SO可体现一定的语境效果和情感效果。SO在表达语境效果时可用作话语触发语,还可表明谈话者意图;在传达情感效果时,SO具有表明说话者不满、讽刺、冷漠、惊讶、兴奋、生气、不耐烦及失落等情绪的功能。结合上述对SO的详尽的语用功能分析,本文还探讨了在翻译中如何体现话语标记语SO的语用效应。最后一章通过总结SO的语用功能并探讨SO在剧本中的翻译,发现话语标记语SO不能一成不变地、生硬地译为“所以”、“这样”,而要根据其在不同语境下所表示的不同语用功能,灵活恰当地处理,从而实现语用对等。同时,作者也提出了本研究的不足以及可能有助于完善此类研究的展望。本文对话语标记语SO的研究虽只是定格于一部美国电视连续剧中的日常对话,但此研究能以小见大,对语用学研究、翻译研究不无裨益。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Literature Review
• 1.1.1 The Definitions of Discourse Markers（DMs）
• 1.1.2 Historical Research on Discourse Markers
• 1.1.3 Pragmatic Equivalence as a Translation Principle
• 1.2 So as a Discourse Marker
• 1.3 An Introduction to Desperate Housewives
• 1.4 Purpose and Significance of the Study
• 1.5 The Framework of the Thesis
• Chapter 2 Contextual Effects of So and Its Translation in Desperate Housewives
• 2.1 Contextual Effects of So in Desperate Housewives
• 2.1.1 So as a Conversation Trigger
• 2.1.1.1 So as a Conversation Initiator
• 2.1.1.2 So as a Conversation Continuer
• 2.1.1.3 So as a Topic Shifter of a Conversation
• 2.1.1.4 So as a Tentative Marker of a Conversation
• 2.1.1.5 So as an Inference Marker of a Conversation
• 2.1.1.6 So as a Conclusion Marker of a Conversation
• 2.1.1.7 So as a Hesitation or Insufficiency Marker of a Conversation
• 2.1.2 So to Indicate Purposes of Speaker
• 2.1.2.1 So to Indicate Speaker's Intention
• 2.1.2.2 So to Indicate Speaker's Request
• 2.1.2.3 So to Indicate Speaker's Explanation
• 2.1.2.4 So to Indicate Speaker's Compromise
• 2.1.2.5 So to Attract Hearer's Attention
• 2.1.2.6 So to Indicate Information Implication
• 2.1.2.7 So to Indicate the Key Point of a Conversation
• 2.1.3 Summary
• 2.2 Pragmatic Analyses of the Translation of So in Desperate Housewives
• 2.2.1 Translation with the Implicatures of the Original Made Explicit
• 2.2.1.1 Free Translation
• 2.2.1.2 The Addition of So
• 2.2.2 Translation without Making the Implicatures of the Original Explicit
• 2.2.2.1 Literal Translation
• 2.2.2.2 The Omission of So
• 2.2.3 Problems in the Translation of So
• 2.2.4 Summary
• Chapter 3 Emotional Effects of So and Its Translation in Desperate Housewives
• 3.1 Emotional Effects of So in Desperate Housewives
• 3.1.1 So as an Indicator of Dissatisfaction
• 3.1.2 So as an Indicator of Irony
• 3.1.3 So as an Indicator of Indifference
• 3.1.4 So as an Indicator of Surprise
• 3.1.5 So as an Indicator of Excitement
• 3.1.6 So as an Indicator of Anger
• 3.1.7 So as an Indicator of Impatience
• 3.1.8 So as an Indicator of Depression
• 3.1.9 Summary
• 3.2 Pragmatic Analyses of the Translation of So in Desperate Housewives
• 3.2.1 Application of Speech Act Theory to Translation of So
• 3.2.2 Translation with the Implicatures of the Original Made Explicit
• 3.2.3 Translation without Making the Implicatures of the Original Explicit
• 3.2.4 Application of Emotional Words to the Translation
• 3.2.5 Problems in the Translation of So
• 3.2.6 Summary
• Chapter 4 Conclusion
• 4.1 Findings of the Present Study
• 4.2 Limitations of the Present Study and Prospect for Further Study
• Acknowledgements
• Bibliography
• Publication While Registered with the MA Program