英汉疾病概念隐喻对比研究

论文摘要

隐喻,作为一种思维方式和认知手段,是人类语言中的普遍现象,是人们用清楚、具体的经验建构复杂、抽象概念的过程。疾病语篇负载着道德、价值判断、意识形态等各种想象与神话,含有隐喻思维,而语言是传达这些隐喻意义的最好载体。本文试图在充分吸收和借鉴中外疾病隐喻研究成果的基础上,通过对英汉疾病话语中的大量实例进行分析,总结归纳出若干种常用的疾病隐喻;从历时和共时的角度,对这些隐喻映射进行英汉对比研究。我们发现,两种语言中军事隐喻一直是对疾病进行描述的主导隐喻,派生出许多系统的隐喻表达形式;疾病被人格化、妖魔化且作为目标域的隐喻也大量存在;疾病的隐喻意义会随着医学的进步减弱或消失。从某种程度而言汉语中关于爱滋病的隐喻较少,而有关非典的战争隐喻较多;英语中有关非典的战争隐喻较少,而自然灾害隐喻较丰富。透过英汉疾病隐喻的表达形式分析两种隐喻认知,我们认为造成两者异同的原因在于:隐喻的经验基础具有相似性,而影响隐喻的文化因素和ICM则具有特殊性。通过这种英汉对比剖析语言深处的民族文化特征和认知模式,不仅有助于推动语言研究由表及里的深入发展,探索语言运用的内在规律,同时也有助于加深人们对不同民族语言运用特征的理解,进一步增强不同民族、国家之间的相互了解和交流。

论文目录

• Acknowledgements
• 摘要
• Abstract
• 前言
• Chapter1 Introduction
• 1.1 Motivation for the present study
• 1.2 Objectives of the study
• 1.3 General framework of the thesis
• Chapter 2 Literature Review
• 2.1 The study of disease metaphor abroad
• 2.2 The study of disease metaphor at home
• 2.3 Summary
• Chapter 3 Theoretical framework
• 3.1 The cognitive nature of metaphor
• 3.2 Working mechanism of conceptual metaphor
• 3.3 The experiential basis of conceptual metaphor and culture-ICM
• 3.4 The systematicity of conceptual metaphor
• 3.5 Summary
• Chapter 4 Comparison of the disease metaphors between English and Chinese
• 4.1 Diachronic study of English and Chinese disease expressions
• 4.1.1 Tuberculosis （TB）
• 4.1.2 Cancer
• 4.1.3 AIDS
• 4.1.4 Schizophrenia
• 4.1.5 SARS & Avian influenza
• 4.1.6 Implications
• 4.2 Synchronic study of English and Chinese disease expressions
• 4.2.1 AIDS
• 4.2.2 SARS
• 4.3 Reasons for the similarities and differences between English and Chinese in the conceptualization of disease
• 4.4 Implications of the comparative study of English and Chinese conceptual metaphors of diseases
• 4.4.1 The role of metaphor in the conceptualization of disease
• 4.4.2 The relationship between disease metaphor and culture
• 4.5 Summary
• Chapter5 Conclusions
• Bibliography