论文摘要
本文针对沥青混凝土路面测试应变的要求,设计并制作了一种运用环氧树脂与固化增韧剂作为基体材料进行封装的新型传感器,对基体材料的力学性能进行了研究,研究表明基体材料的极限抗拉强度在1821Mpa,极限抗压强度在7078Mpa,弹性模量在2.83.1Gpa,满足道路施工强度要求,封装材料与沥青混合料之间协调变形较好。设计了传感器标定系统,对传感器进行标定,传感器波长与应变、荷载之间为线性关系,相关系数达到0.99以上,传感器灵敏度系数为1.7085pm/με,比裸光栅的1.1pm/με提高了1.53倍,封装效果明显。同时设计并制作了无外力影响且适用于土木工程内部结构监测的温度传感器,温度灵敏度系数为0.0642nm/℃,是裸光栅灵敏度的6.36倍,温度分辨率为0.1℃,重复特性良好。将研发的应变传感器和温度传感器埋入采用SMA-13制作的车辙试件,分别进行静载、动载实验,静载试验结果表明荷载与沿传感器轴向的微应变之间对应的斜率为0.004με/N,随着荷载的增加内部结构应变不断增加,荷载与应变之间相对应的重复特性、线性良好,传感器测量反应了沥青混凝土真实变化趋势;动载试验结果表明中心波长随着时间呈二次项式规律变化,为研究动载作用下沥青混合料内部结构变化提供了依据,传感器响应良好,没有发生破坏,满足沥青混凝土结构监测的技术要求。最后,采用ansys有限元软件进行仿真分析,有限元分析结果表明静载作用下荷载与应变关系为0.0046με/N,对于设计的传感器需要对荷载与应变进行必要的修正,增加应变传感因子η=0.87。模拟一次动载作用显示有限元计算值较传感器实测结果偏大,但两者之间响应趋势相同符合良好,从理论上证明了传感器实测的准确性。
论文目录
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