原型裂变、次范畴化下英汉多义词“EYE”和“眼”的对比分析

论文摘要

一词多义现象一直是语言学家研究的热门课题之一。到目前为止,学者们对多义词的研究主要分为三个学派:形式主义、结构主义和认知主义。通过学习总结国内外对多义词研究的现有文献及资料,笔者发现在认知领域,原型裂变及次范畴化可以很好地解释一词多义现象,而国内学者对此研究则相对较少。因此本文试图以原型裂变和次范畴化为理论基础,从认知语言学的角度,对英汉多义词“eye”和“眼”进行对比分析以揭示英汉民族的认知取向差异,为英汉多义词对比研究提供一个新方法。在原型裂变和次范畴化的理论基础上,本文从三个角度——实体特征、实体功能和语言功能,分别分析了英汉多义词“eye”和“眼”各个义项的形成及次范畴的产生过程,并将二者进行对比。通过研究,本文得出“eye”和“眼”的引申义从基本义中分裂或转换而来并可形成次范畴和次原型,其手段主要是隐喻和转喻,次原型可既是主范畴的成员又是次范畴的原型,体现了成员角色的双重性。英汉民族基于身体名词“眼”的认知取向相同点多于不同点。同一层级上,分裂而来的义项比转换而来的义项同主原型的关系更密切。引伸义同基本义之间的意义节点数量会影响它们的关系密切程度,意义节点越多,它们的关系越不密切,英汉差异就越大。

论文目录

• 摘要
• ABSTRACT
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Definition of polysemy
• 1.2 The objective of the research
• 1.3 The significance of the research
• 1.4 The organization of the research
• Chapter 2 Previous Studies on Polysemy
• 2.1 Formalistic approach to polysemy
• 2.2 Structuralistic approach to polysemy
• 2.3 Cognitive approach to polysemy
• 2.4 Summary
• Chapter 3 Theoretical Foundation of the Research
• 3.1 Prototype and categorization
• 3.2 Polysemy as categorization
• 3.3 Prototype shift and prototype split
• 3.3.1 Prototype shift
• 3.3.2 Prototype split
• 3.4 Metonymy and metaphor: two means of polysemization
• 3.4.1 Metaphor and metaphorical extension
• 3.4.2 Metonymy and metonymic extension
• 3.5 Summary
• Chapter 4 Comparison between Polysemies ‘眼’and ‘Eye’through Prototype Shift,Split and Subcategorization
• 4.1 Features of entity
• 4.1.1 Five paths of meaning extension
• 4.1.2 Formation of subcategory
• 4.1.3 Comparison between English and Chinese ‘eye
• 4.2 Function of entity
• 4.2.1 Four paths of meaning extension
• 4.2.2 Formation of subcategory
• 4.2.3 Comparison between English and Chinese ‘eye
• 4.3 Function of language
• 4.3.1 Two paths of meaning extension
• 4.3.2 Formation of subcategory
• 4.3.3 Comparison between English and Chinese ‘eye
• Chapter 5 Conclusion
• 5.1 Summary of the research
• 5.2 Limitation of the research
• 5.3 Further research
• References
• 个人简介
• 导师简介
• 获得成果目录清单
• Acknowledgement