发展中国家中小企业创新研究 ——以斯里兰卡制造业为例

发展中国家中小企业创新研究 ——以斯里兰卡制造业为例

论文摘要

斯里兰卡的中小型企业数占全部工业企业数的99.21%,其就业数占全部工业企业的47.6%,因此,中小企业在斯里兰卡的经济发展中发挥重要作用。然而,斯里兰卡的中小企业发展却是不正规的和无序的。由于斯里兰卡缺乏对中小企业的研究和统计,以至于我们无法得到现成的和准确的数据,这使得以斯里兰卡为例研究发展中国家中小企业创新问题难度很大。因此,以斯里兰卡为例研究中小企业特别是更深入地研究以创新促进中小企业发展进而促进国家经济发展的规律和对策,无疑具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文集中研究了斯里兰卡中小企业缺乏创新的原因及其创新的决定因素。研究发现:决定企业创新成功的因素主要有:2个全球性环境方面的因素、6个区域性环境方面的因素、8个管理方面的因素、9个企业家方面的因素。在此基础上,对这些因素的重要程度做了进一步的深入分析。同时,本文还研究了创新与斯里兰卡中小企业成功的相关关系以及企业成功的决定要素。本文认为,除了创新以外,企业成功的主要因素还有:管理技能、营销能力、熟练劳动力、采用新技术的能力以及政府扶持等五个决定要素。本文通过问卷调查、深度访谈和随机抽样的方法,搜集了斯里兰卡西部地区(加姆珀哈,科伦坡,并卡卢特勒区)中小企业数据和资料,对所获取的613份调查问卷的数据进行定量研究,对深度调研的6个案例进行了定性分析。6个案例中有3个创新企业和三个非创新企业。在斯里兰卡,大约有44%的小企业、52%的中型企业聚集在西部地区。被调查的613个企业占西部地区中小企业的7%,占全国中小企业的3%。因此,所采用的样本具有足够的代表性。本研究还对相关的7个假设条件进行了检验。对调查数据采用判别分析法,深入分析了创新企业与非创新企业在企业内部要素和环境要素方面的差异;对两个独立的样本进行t检验和卡方检验,找出最能有效判别创新企业与非创新企业的变量,分析创新与企业成功的相关关系。案例分析基于ABC原则进行分类,其中A代表“高”,B代表“中等”,C代表“低”。研究显示,问卷调查的定量研究与案例调研的定性分析结果没有本质差异且相互支持。研究结果表明:全球性环境因素对企业创新的成功影响重大,而地域性因素对创新企业和非创新企业的影响没有什么差别:管理要素对企业创新的成功也影响较大,创新企业比非创新企业有着更有利的管理要素和企业家要素。根据判别式分析和“ABC分析”,企业内部因素对中小企业创新成功的影响比环境因素的影响更大。研究还验证了企业创新与其成功之间的正相关性,根据检验结果和案例分析,创新企业比非创新企业拥有更有利影响其成功的因素。

论文目录

  • English abstract
  • Chinese abstract
  • Table of contents
  • List of tables
  • List of figures
  • CHAPTER Ⅰ INTRODUCTION
  • 1.1.Background
  • 1.2.Research issue
  • 1.3.Research questions
  • 1.4.Research objectives
  • 1.5.Significance of the study
  • 1.6.Limitations of the study
  • 1.7.Chapter Allocation
  • CHAPTER Ⅱ LITERATURE REVIEW AND JUSTIFICATION
  • 2.1.Introduction
  • 2.2.Determinants of innovation
  • 2.3.Barriers to innovation
  • 2.4.Characteristics of innovative firms
  • 2.5.Market structure,firm size,age of the firm,ownership structure,networks,training,and innovation
  • 2.6.Relationship between small business success and innovation
  • 2.7.Characteristics of successful entrepreneurs
  • 2.8.Small business success and failure
  • 2.9.Factors affecting small business sand failure
  • 2.10.Current debates on determinants of innovation and business success
  • 2.11.Chapter summary
  • CHAPTER Ⅲ RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
  • 3.1.Introduction
  • 3.2.Conceptual framework
  • 3.3.Definition of key terms
  • 3.4.Operationalisation
  • 3.5.Hypotheses
  • 3.6.Methodology
  • 3.6.1.Sampling
  • 3.6.2.Data collection
  • 3.6.3.Data analysis
  • 3.7.Chapter summary
  • CHAPTER Ⅳ STATUS QUO OF SRI LANKAN SME SECTOR
  • 4.1.Introduction
  • 4.2.Current situation of Sri Lankan SME sector
  • 4.3.The trends and the problems in the SME sector in Sri Lanka
  • 4.3.1.The trends
  • 4.3.2.The problems
  • 4.4.Necessity of innovation for Sri Lankan SMEs
  • 4.5.Chapter summary
  • CHAPTER Ⅴ INNOVATION:DETERMINANTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL SUCCESS
  • 5.1.Introduction
  • 5.2.Presentation of background data
  • 5.2.1.Data summarization
  • 5.2.2.Respondents'summary
  • 5.2.3.Sample composition
  • 5.2.4.Dependent variables
  • 5.2.5.Respondents' profile
  • 5.2.6.Category of business and respondents' profile
  • 5.2.7.Environmental factors
  • 5.2.8.Firm specific factors
  • 5.2.9.Other factors affecting organizational success
  • 5.3.Firm specific factors,environmental factors and innovation
  • 5.3.1.Firm specific factors and innovation
  • 5.3.2.Environmental factors and innovation
  • 5.3.3.Importance of firm specific and environmental factors
  • 5.4.Innovation and business success
  • 5.5.Factors affecting organizational success
  • 5.6.Advantages and disadvantages of technological innovation in SMEs
  • 5.7.Strategic choice of SME innovation in Sri Lanka
  • 5.8.Gist of innovation
  • 5.9.Innovation measurement
  • 5.10.Chapter summary
  • CHAPTER Ⅵ DETERMINANTS OF INNOVATION
  • 6.1.Introduction
  • 6.2.Discussion of case studies
  • 6.2.1.First entrepreneur(innovative successful)
  • 6.2.2.Second entrepreneur(innovative successful)
  • 6.2.3.Third entrepreneur(innovative successful)
  • 6.2.4.Fourth entrepreneur(non innovative stagnating)
  • 6.2.5.Fifth entrepreneur(non innovative stagnating)
  • 6.2.6.Sixth entrepreneur(non innovative stagnating)
  • 6.3.Data from case studies
  • 6.3.1.Growth of the business
  • 6.3.2.Environmental factors
  • 6.3.3.Firm Specific factors
  • 6.3.4.Other factors affecting organizational success
  • 6.4.Comparison:quantitative results with qualitative results
  • 6.5.Chapter summary
  • CHAPTER Ⅶ INTERNATIONAL COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS ON THE INNOVATION IN SMES
  • 7.1.Introduction
  • 7.2.Experience from other countries
  • 7.2.1.Experience of Singapore
  • 7.2.2.Experience of India
  • 7.3.Discussion of findings
  • 7.4.Discussion of findingswithliterature
  • 7.5.Chapter summary
  • CHAPTER Ⅷ SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
  • 8.1.Introduction
  • 8.2.Research conclusion
  • 8.3.Policy implications
  • 8.4.Managerial implications
  • 8.5.Future research directions
  • 8.6.Chapter summary
  • References
  • Acknowledgment
  • Papers Published
  • Appendix 01:Questionnaire used for survey
  • Appendix 02:Guideline used for interviews
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    发展中国家中小企业创新研究 ——以斯里兰卡制造业为例
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