中英思维模式差异在语言上的体现及汉英翻译

论文摘要

翻译作为一种跨文化交际活动被人们广为接受,它涉及到原作者、译者和译语读者三个方面。思维模式是主体在反映客体的思维过程中,定型化了的思维形式、思维方法和思维程序的综合和统一。来自不同文化的人们对于客观世界的反映具有不同的方式或者说他们以不同的思维模式来反映客观世界。在固有思维模式的影响下,对于同一事物,人们有着不同的表达方式,这就给跨文化交际造成了障碍。在跨文化翻译中,由于原作者和译语读者有着不同的文化背景和不同的思维模式,常常造成理解障碍或误读。这就需要译者在处理由思维模式不同而造成的交际障碍时,应当采取适当的翻译策略来帮助译语读者跨越文化障碍,从而获得对文本的正确解读。本文试图从思维模式角度对语言差异进行分析,力图探寻一些在汉英翻译中应该采取的具体的翻译策略,以求在传达原文意思方面获得最大的成功。思维模式对语言具有重要影响,各民族的语言在很大程度上折射出了各民族固有的思维模式,作者认为译者对由思维模式差异而引起的语言差异的准确把握,对他们在跨文化翻译中力求获得准确翻译是至关重要的。本文探讨了思维、语言和翻译之间的关系,详细地比较论述了汉英两种思维模式的诸多差异,并深入讨论了思维模式差异在语言上的体现,以此为汉英翻译实践提供解释力和指导作用。同时本文以汉民族思维模式影响下的一些特殊表达方式的英译为实例,力图探寻一些汉英翻译中能够采取的具体有效的翻译策略。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• Introduction
• Chapter One Thought, Language and Translation
• 1.1 Relationship between Thought and Language
• 1.2 Relationship between Thought and Translation
• 1.3 Relationship among Thought, Language and Translation
• Chapter Two Main Differences between Chinese Thought Pattern and English Thought Pattern
• 2.1 Definition of Thought Pattern
• 2.2 Dialectical Thinking vs. Formal-Logical Thinking
• 2.3 Synthetic Thinking vs. Analytic Thinking
• 2.4 Thinking in Images vs. Thinking in Concepts
• 2.5 Differences in the Distance between Subject and Object
• 2.6 Inductive Thinking vs. Deductive Thinking
• 2.7 Spiral Thinking vs. Linear Thinking
• Chapter Three Reflections of the Two Thought Patterns on Both Languages
• 3.1 Analytic and Synthetic- Analytic
• 3.1.1 Morphological Classification of the Chinese and the English Languages
• 3.1.2 Tense of English Language
• 3.2 Paratactic and Hypotactic
• 3.2.1 Features of the Formation of the Chinese and the English languages
• 3.2.2 Embodiment of Parataxis and Hypotaxis in Chinese and English languages
• 3.3 Concrete and Abstract
• 3.3.1 Image-Oriented Expressions of the Chinese Language
• 3.3.2 Concept-Oriented Expressions of the English Language
• 3.3.3 Comparison of the Concept-Oriented Expressions between Chinese and English Languages
• 3.4 Dynamic Description and Static Description
• 3.4.1 Dynamic Tendency of the Chinese Language
• 3.4.2 Static Tendency of the English language
• 3.5 Subjective and Objective
• 3.5.1 Emphasis of the Subjectivity of the Chinese Language
• 3.5.2 Emphasis of the Objectivity of the English language
• Chapter Four Methods Adopted in C-E Translation
• 4.1 Treatment of the Paratactic and the Hypotactic Expressions
• 4.1.1 Transformation of Chinese texts into English Clauses
• 4.1.2 Translating Chinese texts into Prepositional Phrases
• 4.1.3 Translation of Chinese texts with participles or infinitive Structures
• 4.1.4 Replacement of Chinese texts with Fixed Compound Structure
• 4.2 Methods of translating the Image-Oriented and the Concept-Oriented expressions
• 4.2.1 Translation of the Chinese nouns
• 4.2.2 Translation of the Chinese verbs
• 4.2.3 Translation of the Chinese Adjectives
• 4.3 Translation of the Dynamic and the Static expressions
• 4.3.1 Adoption of the English Adjectives
• 4.3.2 Employment of the English nouns
• 4.3.3 Borrowing of the English prepositions
• 4.4 Treatment of the Subjective and the Objective expressions
• 4.4.1 Replacement of the Animate Subjects with the Inanimate Subjects
• 4.4.2 Reconstruction of the Inanimate-subject Sentences
• 4.4.3 Adoption of the “It is
• 4.4.4 Transformation of the Chinese Sentences into English in Passive voices
• Conclusion
• Bibliography
• Appendices
• Acknowledgements