试从审美主客体互动看翻译多样性

试从审美主客体互动看翻译多样性

论文摘要

文学作品,尤其是经典文学作品的多样性翻译经常会让人有耳目一新的感觉。同一源语文本,往往有不同的译文广为流传。文学翻译从本质上讲是不同艺术创作手段之间的艺术形式转换。由于译者的文化背景,生活经历,阅读经验,文学鉴赏以及美学感知的迥异,对译出语和译入语的语言掌握程度不同,这种差异在翻译过程中最终体现在他们阅读再创上的差异,即译文文本的差异。以原文文本为归宿的传统的翻译理论把翻译解释为两种语言之间的转换活动,译者的身份被定位为仆人,处于“忠实”和“背叛”的两难境地,主体性和创造性得到抹杀,风格无从凸显。奠定在现代哲学阐释学基础之上的接受美学促使文学批评改变了传统的文本观。阐释文学下文本的意义,并非一元,封闭和武断,而是多元,开放和自由。文学语言的内在模糊性,文本意义的空白和不确定性,决定了文本的框架性特征,构成了文本作为审美客体的召唤结构。接受美学进一步将文学评论家的视线引向了文学三环节中的读者,为翻译研究提供了新的视角。本文从接受美学的角度出发,从对阐释学中的前理解,偏见观和读者期待视野几个核心概念的分析入手,将翻译中被视作审美客体的原文文本与作为审美主体的译者的能动性结合,以此来解释译文的多样性现象。在剖析翻译过程中译者作为审美主体的能动性和创造性的同时,笔者引用了译介学中译文“创造性叛逆”的理念,将译者置于翻译活动中最中心的位置,为进一步认识译者的主体性提供了全新的视角。鉴于译者在发挥创造性的过程中的过于自我主义容易造成翻译的盲从,导致随心所欲的译文现象,本文进一步将译者叛逆划分为忠实叛逆和武断叛逆,把后者造成的误译现象同样视为译文多样性的表现之一,提出创造性叛逆应有的度,在笔者看来,翻译的度应是译者与源语作者在达到共鸣的基础之上译文与原文文本的和谐。最后本文提出,如何看待误译的负面代价和正面价值,是翻译文学评论中值得深入研究的问题。

论文目录

  • Acknowledgements
  • Abstract (Chinese)
  • Abstract (English)
  • Chapter One Introduction
  • Chapter Two A Brief Review on the Reception Aesthetics
  • 2.1 "Pre-understanding" of the Reader and His Prejudice
  • 2.2 Gadamer's "Fusion of Horizons"
  • 2.3 The Proposition of the Reception Aesthetics
  • 2.3.1 The Enlightenment of the Reader's Horizon of Expectations
  • 2.3.1.1 The Horizon of Expectations
  • 2.3.1.2 The Enlightenment of the Reader's Horizon of Expectations to Literary Translation
  • 2.4 The Application of Reception Aesthetics to Translation Studies
  • Chapter Three The Appealing Structure of Literary Text
  • 3.1 The Appealing Structure of Literary Text
  • 3.2 The Language Fuzziness of Literary Text
  • 3.2.1 Fuzzy Language—the Trick of Literary Text
  • 3.2.1.1 The Syntactical Fuzziness on the Sentence Level
  • 3.2.2 The Image Fuzziness—Literary Text Full of Artistic Images
  • 3.3 The Manipulation and Impact of the Appealing Structure on Literary Translation
  • Chapter Four Translator as an Aesthetic Subject
  • 4.1 The Role Shift of the Translator-Translator Out of Shadow
  • 4.2 The Translator's Subjectivity
  • 4.2.1 The Translator's Imaginative Faculty
  • 4.2.2 The Translator's Creativity
  • 4.3 Translator-A Creative Traitor
  • Chapter Five Mistranslation as a Manifestation of Translation Multiplicity
  • 5.1 Arbitrary Treason
  • 5.2 Appropriateness for the Creative Treason
  • Chapter Six Conclusion
  • Notes
  • Bibliography
  • Publications
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