基于社会建构主义的高中英语泛读教学模式研究

基于社会建构主义的高中英语泛读教学模式研究

论文摘要

社会建构主义教学理论强调人类在社会环境中学习合作,强调社会互动在知识建构过程中的关键作用。它认为,影响教学过程的因素主要有四个—教师、学生、任务和环境;这四个要素相互依赖,不可独立存在。最近十年,尤其自Williams和Burden提出了外语教学的社会建构主义模式以来,社会建构主义理论被广泛应用于英语教学之中。许多教学研究以社会建构主义理论为指导,取得了良好的教学效果(王艳,2006;邓庆玲等, 2004;陈颖莉,2004;Doorlittle,1999;Tappan,1998;Greenwood等1988; Smith, 1986;Greenwood, 1989……)。例如,陈颖莉(2004)以Williams和Burden的社会建构主义模式为指导设计了一个以故事为教学材料的英语教学实验课题。根据这个课题,台湾一位小学老师在她的班里做实验,得到了预想的效果。又如,王艳(2006)利用Williams和Burden的社会建构主义模式进行了商务英语教学改革;自进行教学改革以来,教学效果远远好于以前。受这些研究的启示,作者将社会建构主义理论应用到高中英语泛读教学中。这既具有重要的理论价值,又具有实践意义。首先,从理论方面,尽管由Williams and Burden所提出的社会建构主义模式被广泛应用于英语教学之中,但是对泛读教学来说,它不太具体,不便于直接操作。另外,《新英语课程标准》规定,基础教育阶段英语教学的总目标是培养学生运用英语的综合能力,其中阅读能力是核心,因此培养学生的阅读能力是高中英语教学的中心。泛读是提高学生阅读能力的一个有效途径,但是怎样在高中阶段进行英语泛读教学目前还没有一个有效的模式,因此研究发现高中阶段英语泛读教学的方法是必要的,具有实践意义。下面将这项研究的过程简要叙述如下:首先,作者以社会建构主义理论和以往有关的教学研究为根据,提出了社会建构主义英语泛读教学的模式。然后将该模式应用到教学实践中,进行了为期一学期的教学实验。在实验中,一个班为实验班,作者每周抽出两节课,运用他所提出的英语泛读教学模式进行教学;另一个班为控制班,作者仍用传统的教学模式进行教学。在实验中,作者对这两个班进行了前测和后测,并对实验数据进行了独立样本T检验。前测各项成绩的独立样本T检验(双侧检验,P>0.05)表明这两组同学的阅读能力是平行的;然而后测成绩的独立样本T检验(双侧检验,P<0.05)显示,和控制组相比,实验组同学的阅读能力的提高极其显著。于是,作者通过分析数据得出结论:作者所提出的社会建构主义英语泛读教学模式,比传统教学模式更有利于学生阅读能力的提高,可被用来进行泛读教学。

论文目录

  • Abstract
  • 摘要
  • Chapter One Introduction
  • 1.1 Significance of the present research
  • 1.2 Aims of the present research
  • 1.3 Methodology of the present research
  • 1.4 Organization of the thesis
  • Chapter Two Literature Review
  • 2.1 Social constructivism
  • 2.1.1 Key philosophical schools of constructivism
  • 2.1.1.1 Cognitive Constructivism
  • 2.1.1.2 Radical constructivism
  • 2.1.1.3 Social constructivism
  • 2.1.2 Key educational ideas of social constructivism
  • 2.1.2.1 Three assumptions
  • 2.1.2.2 Key educational psychological ideas
  • 2.1.2.3 Social constructivist teaching techniques
  • 2.1.3 Application of social constructivism in TEFL
  • 2.1.3.1 Social constructivist perspectives on TEFL
  • 2.1.3.2 The application of social constructivism
  • 2.2 Previous studies of English extensive reading
  • 2.2.1 Studies abroad
  • 2.2.2 Studies at home
  • 2.2.2.1 Theoretical studies
  • 2.2.2.2 Empirical studies
  • 2.2.3 Reading competence
  • 2.3 Critical appraisal of existing researches
  • Chapter Three A proposed Model for the Present Research
  • 3.1 Williams and Burden’s Social Constructivist Model of TEFL
  • 3.2 Guidelines from social constructivism and SCM
  • 3.2.1 Teacher’s role
  • 3.2.2 Learner’s role
  • 3.2.3 Tasks
  • 3.2.3.1 Definitions and components of tasks
  • 3.2.3.2 An educational perspective on tasks
  • 3.2.3.3 Principles of designing tasks
  • 3.2.4 Learning contexts
  • 3.3 A proposed social constructivist model of English extensive-reading teaching
  • 3.4 A sample lesson
  • Chapter Four An Empirical Study of the Proposed Model
  • 4.1 Research design
  • 4.1.1 The purpose
  • 4.1.2 The subjects
  • 4.1.3 Instruments
  • 4.1.3.1 Reading comprehension tests
  • 4.1.3.2 Reading speed tests
  • 4.1.3.3 SPSS software
  • 4.1.4 Data collection
  • 4.2 Findings
  • 4.2.1 Pre-tests
  • 4.2.2 Post-tests
  • Chapter Five Discussion
  • 5.1 The scaffolding of the teacher and the learner-learner cooperation
  • 5.1.1 Scaffolding of the teacher
  • 5.1.2 The learner-learner cooperation
  • 5.2 The contributions of the model to the learners’reading competence
  • 5.2.1 The contribution to the reading rate abilities
  • 5.2.2 The contribution to the reading comprehension accuracy
  • 5.3 Other benefits of the extensive reading programme
  • 5.4 The characteristics of the present programme
  • Chapter Six Conclusion
  • 6.1 Major findings and implications
  • 6.2 Major contributions
  • 6.3 Limitations and further studies
  • Bibliography
  • Appendices
  • Appendix 1 Reading comprehension tests (pre-test and post-test )
  • Appendix 2 Reading speed test material
  • Appendix 3 Extensive reading books
  • Appendix 4 Data from the experiment
  • Acknowledgements
  • Academic Achievements
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    基于社会建构主义的高中英语泛读教学模式研究
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