伯顿·华岑《史记》英译研究

论文摘要

《史记》是我国第一部纪传体通史。它上起传说中的黄帝,下至汉武帝太初年间,记录了中国三千年的文化史。《史记》不仅是体大思精的历史巨著,还是不可多得的文学珍品,对后世有着广泛而深入的影响。《史记》开创了以历史人物为中心的纪传体,塑造了大批鲜活生动的艺术形象。其思想成就和艺术成就可以说具有划时代的意义。伯顿·华岑（Burton Watson,1925-）是当代美国著名汉学家,以翻译中国和日本文学扬名国际,他翻译了大量时代久远,文字艰深的中文著作。其译文忠实、平易、优雅,在美国先后获取多项翻译大奖,是当今英语世界最受欢迎的中国文学翻译名家之一,为中国古典文学走向世界作出了卓越的贡献。华岑教授于1961年翻译了《史记》的西汉部分,1993年增加了秦朝部分。他的译文是《史记》在英语世界传播过程中的重要里程碑。然而在国内,无论是关于《史记》的英译,还是有关华岑教授的研究都比较少,缺乏应有的重视。本文拟在填补相应空白的同时,以华岑教授的《史记》英译本为个案,探讨中国古典文学英译中的策略问题。本文试图以当代著名译论家劳伦斯·韦努蒂的“译者的隐身”为全文的理论基础,从分析华岑译本的特点,与杨宪益夫妇和倪豪士译本的对比分析,以及中国文化和西方文化的权力关系来评价华岑教授的翻译策略,并探讨如何在文化全球化的背景下,更好地进行跨文化交流。本文除引言和结语外,共分为五章。引言部分扼要介绍本文主题、《史记》的英译研究现状、本文理论基础和基本结构。第一章主要介绍《史记》的作者司马迁、主题思想、内容和结构、历史和文学成就及影响、并且简要回顾了《史记》在英语世界的翻译情况;第二章介绍了译者伯顿·华岑的生平和翻译成就以及相关的版本、内容和结构,并且分析了该译本的总体特点和局限;第三章是对《史记》三个译本的比较研究,分为外部研究和个案研究两个部分;第四章运用韦努蒂的翻译观点重新审视华岑教授《史记》英译本所采用的翻译策略;第五章探讨在全球化和文化多元化的背景下,华岑教授《史记》英译本在跨文化交流中所作的贡献。结语部分对全文进行了归纳。

论文目录

• 摘要
• 英文摘要
• Introduction
• Chapter One An Introduction to Shi Ji and Its English Translation
• 1.1 An Introduction to Shi Ji
• 1.1.1 The Author Sima Qian and Its Theme
• 1.1.2 The Contents and Form
• 1.1.3 Historical Significance and Influence
• 1.1.4 Literary Significance and Influence
• 1.2 A Brief Retrospect to Shi Jfs English Translation
• 1.2.1 A Survey of Its English Translation
• 1.2.2 The Three Stages of Its English Translation
• Chapter Two A Survey of Burton Watson and His Translation of Shi Ji
• 2.1 An Introduction to Burton Watson
• 2.1.1 Life Experience
• 2.1.2 A Summary of His Translation Works
• 2.1.3 His Translation Idea and Style of Shi Ji
• 2.2 The Edition, Contents and Framework Concerned
• 2.2.1 The Chosen Edition
• 2.2.2 The Contents Selected
• 2.2.3 The Framework
• 2.3 A Survey of the Translation: Readability
• 2.3.1 Linguistic Features
• 2.3.2 Literary Devices
• 2.4 Limitation
• 2.4.1 The Terse Style of Shi Ji
• 2.4.2 Differences between Chinese and English
• 2.4.3 Evaluation of Records of the Grand Historian
• Chapter Three A Comparative Study on the Translations of Shi Ji
• 3.1 Patronage, Poetics and Professionals
• 3.1.1 Patronage
• 3.1.2 Poetics
• 3.1.3 Professionals
• 3.2 A Case Study: "the Basic Annals of Xiang Yu"
• Chapter Four Re-examination of Watson's Translation of Shi Ji
• 4.1 The Translator s Invisibility by Lawrence Venuti
• 4.1.1 The Dominance of Fluency in English Translation
• 4.1.2 Ethnocentrism and Domestication
• 4.1.3 Resistant Strategy
• 4.2 Invisibility and Chinese Classics
• 4.2.1 Power Relations between Chinese and Anglo-American Cultures
• 4.2.2 Invisibility in Translations of Chinese Classics
• 4.3 Invisibility and Watson's Translation of Shi Ji
• 4.3.1 Domesticating Practices in Watson's Translation
• 4.3.2 A Discussion of Strategies in English Translation of Chinese Classics
• Chapter Five Cross-Cultural Communication and Watson's Translation of Shi Ji
• 5.1 Globalization and Cultural Pluralism
• 5.1.1 Cultural Hegemony
• 5.1.2 Cultural Nationalization
• 5.1.3 Cultural Pluralism
• 5.2 Chinese Cultural Elements Contained in Records of the Grand Historian
• 5.2.1 Confucianism and Taoism
• 5.2.2 National Unification and Co-existence of Various Ethnic Groups
• 5.2.3 Other Aspects
• 5.3 The Significance of Records of the Grand Historian in Cross-cultural Communication
• 5.3.1 The Afterlife of Shi Ji in the English-speaking World
• 5.3.2 The Contribution of Watson's Translation to Cross-cultural Communication
• Conclusion
• Bibliography
• 个人成果简介
• Acknowledgement