本文主要研究内容
作者孙晓晓（2019）在《暗黑鳃金龟幼虫危害对花生根际细菌群落的影响及其机制的初步探究》一文中研究指出：地下害虫蛴螬因其地下栖息、危害隐蔽,成为国内外公认的难以防治的重大害虫。但用于蛴螬微生物防治中的制剂种类数量有限,亟需进一步挖掘新的杀虫菌株和基因资源。近期的研究表明,植物在受到生物及非生物胁迫时,富集有益微生物应对胁迫,植物受蛴螬危害后如何响应,对根际细菌群落结构及功能有何影响?这些问题的阐明将有助于明晰“害虫-植物-根际微生物”三者互作关系,为突破现有杀虫菌株筛选模式、建立新型高效杀虫菌株筛选体系奠定理论基础。以暗黑鳃金龟(Holotrichia parallela)幼虫、花生和根际细菌为研究对象,通过16S rRNA基因高通量测序和培养组学方法,分析田间条件下,蛴螬危害对花生根际细菌群落结构及功能的影响。发现田间蛴螬取食导致花生根际细菌群落发生显著变化,肠杆菌属(Enterobacter spp.)、不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter spp.)等的丰度增加;在根际分离到7株对鞘翅目害虫有杀虫活性的肠杆菌属的菌株,且这些菌株对鳞翅目小菜蛾没有杀虫活性。主要研究结果如下:本研究建立了一种便于田间大规模取样的根际土壤样品保存方法,即在样品中加入GTC缓冲液,室温条件下保存1天,对利用16S rRNA基因测序分析根际细菌群落结构和多样性分析无显著影响。田间条件下,蛴螬危害引起花生根际细菌群落结构的改变。利用16S rRNA基因高通量测序技术分析发现:蛴螬处理后,芽胞杆菌属(Bacillus spp.)、肠杆菌属、不动杆菌属等的丰度增加;蛴螬取食1 d和7 d,花生根际细菌群落结构发生显著变化。宏基因组测序结果表明,蛴螬处理导致花生根际细菌的功能的显著变化。利用培养组学及三代测序技术,对蛴螬危害后花生根际可培养细菌进行了分离及初步鉴定。通过TSB等六种培养基培养,共分离到43板(96孔板)混合菌株,共计4128孔混合菌株。利用Barcode标记的方法,通过PacBio测序平台对分离获得的菌株进行了16S rRNA全长基因测序,共获得29823条序列,注释到变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)4个门、泛菌属(Pantoea)、肠杆菌属(Enterobacter)等147个属。蛴螬危害后花生根际可培养细菌中筛选到具有杀虫活性的菌株。通过杀虫生物活性测定,共筛选到7株对鞘翅目大猿叶甲(Colaphellus bowringi)有活性的菌株,初步鉴定为肠杆菌属的菌株。未筛选到对鳞翅目小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella)有杀虫活性的菌株。利用非靶向代谢组技术对花生根际代谢物进行分析,结果显示,蛴螬处理后花生根部代谢物发生了显著的变化。共确定了19个差异代谢物,其中菜油甾醇、豆甾醇、棕榈酸等11个代谢物浓度上升,肌醇、苹果酸等8个代谢物浓度降低。本研究明确了在田间条件下,蛴螬危害对花生根际细菌群落结构及功能的影响,为阐明“地下害虫蛴螬-花生-根际细菌”三者互作机制、挖掘植物根际杀虫微生物资源奠定了基础。
Abstract
de xia hai chong qi cao yin ji de xia qi xi 、wei hai yin bi ,cheng wei guo nei wai gong ren de nan yi fang zhi de chong da hai chong 。dan yong yu qi cao wei sheng wu fang zhi zhong de zhi ji chong lei shu liang you xian ,ji xu jin yi bu wa jue xin de sha chong jun zhu he ji yin zi yuan 。jin ji de yan jiu biao ming ,zhi wu zai shou dao sheng wu ji fei sheng wu xie pai shi ,fu ji you yi wei sheng wu ying dui xie pai ,zhi wu shou qi cao wei hai hou ru he xiang ying ,dui gen ji xi jun qun la jie gou ji gong neng you he ying xiang ?zhe xie wen ti de chan ming jiang you zhu yu ming xi “hai chong -zhi wu -gen ji wei sheng wu ”san zhe hu zuo guan ji ,wei tu po xian you sha chong jun zhu shai shua mo shi 、jian li xin xing gao xiao sha chong jun zhu shai shua ti ji dian ding li lun ji chu 。yi an hei sai jin gui (Holotrichia parallela)you chong 、hua sheng he gen ji xi jun wei yan jiu dui xiang ,tong guo 16S rRNAji yin gao tong liang ce xu he pei yang zu xue fang fa ,fen xi tian jian tiao jian xia ,qi cao wei hai dui hua sheng gen ji xi jun qun la jie gou ji gong neng de ying xiang 。fa xian tian jian qi cao qu shi dao zhi hua sheng gen ji xi jun qun la fa sheng xian zhe bian hua ,chang gan jun shu (Enterobacter spp.)、bu dong gan jun shu (Acinetobacter spp.)deng de feng du zeng jia ;zai gen ji fen li dao 7zhu dui qiao chi mu hai chong you sha chong huo xing de chang gan jun shu de jun zhu ,ju zhe xie jun zhu dui lin chi mu xiao cai e mei you sha chong huo xing 。zhu yao yan jiu jie guo ru xia :ben yan jiu jian li le yi chong bian yu tian jian da gui mo qu yang de gen ji tu rang yang pin bao cun fang fa ,ji zai yang pin zhong jia ru GTChuan chong ye ,shi wen tiao jian xia bao cun 1tian ,dui li yong 16S rRNAji yin ce xu fen xi gen ji xi jun qun la jie gou he duo yang xing fen xi mo xian zhe ying xiang 。tian jian tiao jian xia ,qi cao wei hai yin qi hua sheng gen ji xi jun qun la jie gou de gai bian 。li yong 16S rRNAji yin gao tong liang ce xu ji shu fen xi fa xian :qi cao chu li hou ,ya bao gan jun shu (Bacillus spp.)、chang gan jun shu 、bu dong gan jun shu deng de feng du zeng jia ;qi cao qu shi 1 dhe 7 d,hua sheng gen ji xi jun qun la jie gou fa sheng xian zhe bian hua 。hong ji yin zu ce xu jie guo biao ming ,qi cao chu li dao zhi hua sheng gen ji xi jun de gong neng de xian zhe bian hua 。li yong pei yang zu xue ji san dai ce xu ji shu ,dui qi cao wei hai hou hua sheng gen ji ke pei yang xi jun jin hang le fen li ji chu bu jian ding 。tong guo TSBdeng liu chong pei yang ji pei yang ,gong fen li dao 43ban (96kong ban )hun ge jun zhu ,gong ji 4128kong hun ge jun zhu 。li yong Barcodebiao ji de fang fa ,tong guo PacBioce xu ping tai dui fen li huo de de jun zhu jin hang le 16S rRNAquan chang ji yin ce xu ,gong huo de 29823tiao xu lie ,zhu shi dao bian xing jun men (Proteobacteria)、ni gan jun men (Bacteroidetes)、fang xian jun men (Actinobacteria)、hou bi jun men (Firmicutes)4ge men 、fan jun shu (Pantoea)、chang gan jun shu (Enterobacter)deng 147ge shu 。qi cao wei hai hou hua sheng gen ji ke pei yang xi jun zhong shai shua dao ju you sha chong huo xing de jun zhu 。tong guo sha chong sheng wu huo xing ce ding ,gong shai shua dao 7zhu dui qiao chi mu da yuan xie jia (Colaphellus bowringi)you huo xing de jun zhu ,chu bu jian ding wei chang gan jun shu de jun zhu 。wei shai shua dao dui lin chi mu xiao cai e (Plutella xylostella)you sha chong huo xing de jun zhu 。li yong fei ba xiang dai xie zu ji shu dui hua sheng gen ji dai xie wu jin hang fen xi ,jie guo xian shi ,qi cao chu li hou hua sheng gen bu dai xie wu fa sheng le xian zhe de bian hua 。gong que ding le 19ge cha yi dai xie wu ,ji zhong cai you zai chun 、dou zai chun 、zong lv suan deng 11ge dai xie wu nong du shang sheng ,ji chun 、ping guo suan deng 8ge dai xie wu nong du jiang di 。ben yan jiu ming que le zai tian jian tiao jian xia ,qi cao wei hai dui hua sheng gen ji xi jun qun la jie gou ji gong neng de ying xiang ,wei chan ming “de xia hai chong qi cao -hua sheng -gen ji xi jun ”san zhe hu zuo ji zhi 、wa jue zhi wu gen ji sha chong wei sheng wu zi yuan dian ding le ji chu 。
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论文作者分别是来自中国农业科学院的孙晓晓，发表于刊物中国农业科学院2019-07-05论文，是一篇关于蛴螬论文,花生论文,根际细菌论文,培养组学论文,杀虫活性论文,中国农业科学院2019-07-05论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自中国农业科学院2019-07-05论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。