希伯来主义和希腊主义冲突 ——从跨学科文化角度解读《无名的裘德》中的矛盾

论文摘要

托马斯·哈代堪称英国另一位多产的“莎士比亚”,同时也是一位受到诸多不同思想影响的作家,其中包括观点迥异的基督教与达尔文的进化论。他的小说《无名的裘德》也彰显了其思想的复杂性,因而与他本人一样,饱受争议。维多利亚时代的人更将之视为“反宗教”作品而加以攻击。迄今为止,小说中“反宗教”的另一面“亲宗教”仍鲜有人谈及。对小说中圣经原型的研究者众,对小说中神性与人性矛盾研究者寡。本文将小说置于维多利亚时代生活大背景下,从文学和哲学宗教相互作用的跨学科研究角度,立足文本分析,归纳小说中几个关键人物身上所体现的关于神性和人性的矛盾,并试图证明小说中诸多矛盾的源头是两种哲学观念的对立,即希伯来主义和希腊主义的对立。本文批判地继承前人的两希研究,将二者的矛盾归结为三：神本主义与人本主义的矛盾；灵与肉的矛盾；以及意识规范性与意识自发性的矛盾。此三种矛盾与小说中男女主人公裘德与淑的内心矛盾,以及两位配角之间的矛盾丝丝入扣,同符合契。由此展现了哈代这部小说与哲学宗教文化相互作用的深层关系。

论文目录

• 中文摘要
• Abstract
• 中文文摘
• Synopsis
• Chapter One:Introduction
• 1.1:Literature review
• 1.1.1:Studies on Thomas Hardy in China
• 1.1.2:Studies abroad on Thomas Hardy
• 1.2:Criticism on Jude the Obscure
• 1.3:Problems Unsolved in the Previous Studies
• 1.4:Introduction to the New Thesis
• 1.4.1:The Theme of the New Thesis
• 1.4.2:Possible Causes and Some Proofs for the Theme
• 1.5:Realistic Significance of This Study
• Chapter Two:Relevant Theories
• 2.1:Interdisciplinarity
• 2.1.1:The Definition of Interdisciplinarity
• 2.1.2:Interdisciplinarity in Literature with other Cultural-bound Fields
• 2.1.3:Methodology Concerning Literal Interdisciplinarity
• 2.1.4:Summary for Interdisciplinarity
• 2.2:Hebraism and Hellenism
• 2.2.1:The Definition of Hebraism and Hellenism
• 2.2.2:Their Relationship to Religion and Their Chief Differences
• 2.2.3:Hebraism and Hellenism at the Victorian Age
• Chapter Three:The Inner Conflicts of the Hero
• 3.1:Holy Spirit and Gross Body
• 3.1.1:Holy Spirit:Agape—Universal Love
• 3.1.2:Gross Body:Eros and Material Addiction
• 3.1.3:Summary
• 3.2:First Social-conformer and Later Social-rebel
• 3.2.1:An Abandoned Man Seeking for Social Approval
• 3.2.2:A Tradition-bound Husband Pursuing another Marriage
• 3.2.3:Summary
• 3.3:Original saint-dreamer and Final Christian Discarder
• 3.3.1:Original saint-dreamer and Distraction
• 3.3.2:Final Christian Discarder and Remorse
• 3.3.3:Summary
• 3.4:Jesus-like Experience and Hellenistic Ending
• 3.4.1:Jesus-like Experience
• 3.4.2:Hellenistic Ending
• 3.5:Summary
• Chapter Four:The Inner Conflicts of the Heroine
• 4.1:Secular Spirit and Holy Body
• 4.1.1:Secular Spirit:Egoism
• 4.1.2:Holy-body:Asceticism
• 4.1.3:Summary
• 4.2:Social-rebel in Apparence and Social-conformer in Deed
• 4.2.1:A Social Rebel against the Rules and Marriage Institution
• 4.2.2:A Social Conformer to Convention
• 4.2.3:Summary
• 4.3:Hellenistic Inclination and Final Redemption
• 4.3.1:Anti-Christianity Inclination
• 4.3.2:Christianity-oriented Redemption
• 4.4:Summary
• Chapter Five:Conflicts between Two Minor Roles
• 5.1:Animalism vs. Altruism
• 5.1.1:Attitudes toward Sex:Sexually-active and Sexually-restrained
• 5.1.2:Attitudes toward Property:Greedy and Generous
• 5.1.3:Attitudes toward Other People:Egoism and Altruism
• 5.2:A Pseudo-Christian vs. a Faithful Puritan
• 5.2.1:Arabella:a Pseudo-Christian
• 5.2.2:Phillotson:a Faithful Puritan
• 5.3:A Social Rebel vs. a Social Conformer
• 5.3.1:Arabella---Stressing on Individuality and Intelligence
• 5.3.2:Phillotson---Stressing on Firm Obedience
• 5.4:Summary
• Chapter Six:Conclusion
• References
• 攻读学位期间承担的科研任务与主要成果
• Acknowledgements
• 个人简历