论英语截省句中的等同条件和孤岛修复

论文摘要

本论文主要研究英语语言中的一种省略形式——截省句。主要探讨了截省句的等同条件和孤岛修复现象。主要讨论了下列三个问题:（1）截省句是怎么表达的?（2）省略成分在什么情况下可以被截省?（3）为什么截省句能修复孤岛?第一个问题涉及到截省句的生成过程。本论文主张用PF删略法来解释截省句的生成过程,认为省略部分是一个有完整语音表达式的IP,把wh-词从IP中移出,然后在PF界面删除IP,最好得到只剩下疑问词的截省句。支持PF删略法最有力的证据是世界上许多语言具有形式-等同效应。关于第二个问题,笔者认为句法等同条件过于强大,而语义等同条件过于苛刻,因此,本论文提出截省句省略的条件为“语义+弱句法等同”条件。为了解释截省句中的介词滞留和语态转换现象,笔者提出所谓的“弱句法等同”条件为“特征等同”,规定省略IP的算式库中的每个特征都必须与先行IP中的特征等同。第三个问题涉及到截省句的一个重要性质,即截省句对孤岛不敏感,因为截省句的wh-移位可以违反移位的各种限制条件,此为截省句的“孤岛修复”现象。本文主张在PF界面删略IP能修复孤岛,并且用“循环线性化”方案来重新解释了这个现象:假设wh-词从孤岛中被提取出来,经过非连续性循环移位,最后着落在[Spec,CP]位置,由此产生了矛盾的有序对。这些矛盾的有序对将会由于删除IP中所有的有序对而同时也被删除,推导过程因而得以修复。文中提出的方案能解释涉及定语从句岛和附接从句岛等孤岛的截省句。另外,笔者还主张采用“辖域平行条件”来解释截省句不能修复孤岛的两种情况,即萌生型截省句和存在焦点化关联语的截省句。

论文目录

• Acknowledgements
• Abstract in Chinese
• Abstract in English
• Preface in Chinese
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Significance of the Study
• 1.2 Research Questions and Purposes of the Thesis
• 1.3 Organization of the Thesis
• Chapter 2 Theoretical Background
• 2.1 Model of Grammar under MP
• 2.2 Some Basic Operations
• 2.3 Phase Theory
• Chapter 3 Literature Review
• 3.1 Sluicing
• 3.2 Approaches to the Representation of Sluicing
• 3.2.1 Two Schools of the Analysis of Sluicing
• 3.2.2 Distinguishing LF Copying Approach from PF Deletion Approach
• 3.2.2.1 Arguments for and against PF Deletion Approach
• 3.2.2.2 Arguments for and against LF Copying Approach
• 3.3 Licensing Conditions on Sluicing
• 3.4 Summary
• Chapter 4 Identity Condition on Sluicing
• 4.1 LF Syntactic Identity and its Problems
• 4.1.1 LF Syntactic Identity under VP Ellipsis
• 4.1.2 Problems for LF Syntactic Identity under Sluicing
• 4.2 Semantic Condition and its Problems
• 4.2.1 Semantic Condition under Sluicing
• 4.2.2 Problems for Semantic Condition:Beginnings of a Revised Proposal
• 4.3 A New Proposal of Identity Condition on Sluicing:Semantic+Weak SyntacticIdentity
• 4.3.1 Preposition Stranding
• 4.3.2 Voice Alternation
• 4.4 Summary
• Chapter 5 Island Repair in Sluicing
• 5.1 Comprehensive Cases of Island Repair in Sluicing
• 5.2 Previous Accounts and Their Problems
• 5.2.1 Chomsky（1972）
• 5.2.2 Merchant（2001,to appear）
• 5.2.3 Fox and Lasnik（2003）
• 5.2.4 Problems for Previous Accounts
• 5.3 A New Approach to Island Repair in Sluicing
• 5.3.1 Cyclic Linearization
• 5.3.2 Cyclic Linearization and Ellipsis.A Novel Proposal of Island Repair in Sluicing
• 5.3.3 Explaining Data
• 5.4 A Solution to Potential Problems:Scope Parallelism
• 5.4.1 Implicit Correlates
• 5.4.2 Focused Correlates
• 5.5 Summary
• Conclusion
• References
• Appendix攻读学位期间发表论文目录