英语后缀-IZE派生构词中的音系制约

论文摘要

英语后缀-ize的派生词的音系结构极其复杂,因而生成音系学理论对该后缀倍加关注。但这些理论无一能给-ize派生词的音系结构以满意的解释。后缀-ize是一个构词能力极强的动词后缀,可与名词、形容词结合。对于末音节非重读的词基（base）,该后缀表现出高度的能产性。然而,该后缀与单音节的或抑扬格的词基的结合通常被阻隔。这些被阻隔的构成（formation）被称为音系制约的空缺（phonologically conditioned gap）。在优选论框架中,对于该后缀派生构词和其中的“绝对不合格性”有数种不同观点。这些观点都建立在对真实的-ize派生词和那些被阻隔的构成进行音系结构对比的基础之上。Raffelsiefen（1996）将制约条件MPARSE引入到对后缀-ize派生构词的分析之中。Orgun和Sprouse认为应该在优选论的语法体系中增加一个新的独立成分——控制器（CONTROL）。控制器包含着一套置于等级排列之外的（unranked）不可违反的制约条件。Plag（1999）重视音系的修复作用。他还将-ize和另一动词后缀-ify视为语素变体,由音系控制。他认为-ize倾向与末音节无重音的词基结合,而-ify倾向与单音节的或抑扬格的词基结合。Raffelsiefen（2004）的分析建立在“词形变化同一性效应”之上。她认为,一个-ize派生词的音系结构受所有出现在这个派生词之前并与其有形态联系的词语的音系结构的影响。而且,她的分析支持后缀-ize派生构词中“绝对不合格性”的存在。本文旨在详尽地讨论-ize派生词的音系和形态特性,并分析音系对该后缀派生构词的影响。通过分析优选论框架中关于该后缀派生构词的不同观点,本文指出音系对后缀-ize派生构词的影响是相对的,而非绝对的。希望本文能对英语语音教学及学习有所帮助。

论文目录

• ABSTRACT
• 摘要
• ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
• 1. INTRODUCTION
• 1.1 Introduction to this chapter
• 1.2 Objectives of the study
• 1.3 Methodology of the study
• 1.4 Significance of the study
• 1.5 Organization of the thesis
• 2. LITERATURE REVIEW
• 2.1 Introduction to this chapter
• 2.2 The suffixation of -ize in pre-OT generative phonological theories
• 2.2.1 The suffixation of -ize in SPE
• 2.2.2 The suffixation of -ize in Metrical Phonology
• 2.2.3 The suffixation of -ize in Lexical Phonology
• 2.3 The suffixation of -ize in Optimality Theory
• 2.3.1 The architecture of Optimality Theory
• 2.3.2 Different opinions on -ize suffixation
• 2.4 Summary of this chapter
• 3. THE MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHONOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF -IZE DERIVATIVES
• 3.1 Introduction to this chapter
• 3.2 Real -ize derivatives
• 3.3 The morphological structure of -ize derivatives
• 3.4 The pronunciation of -ize
• 3.5 The stress patterns of -ize derivatives
• 3.6 The segments immediately preceding this suffix in -ize derivatives
• 3.7 Summary of this chapter
• 4. PHONOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS ON -IZE SUFFIXATION
• 4.1 Introduction to this chapter
• 4.2 The productivity of -ize
• 4.3 Phonologically conditioned gaps in -ize suffixation
• 4.4 The MPARSE model
• 4.5 The CONTROL model
• 4.6 Plag （1999）: phonological repair
• 4.6.1 The constraint hierarchy for -ize derivatives formed in the 20th century
• 4.6.2 The relationship between -ize and -ify
• 4.7 Raffelsiefen （2004）: paradigm uniformity effects
• 4.7.1 The constraint SHELL
• 4.7.2 The existence of -ize derivative pairs
• 4.8 Phonological restrictions or phonological constraints
• 4.9 Summary of this chapter
• 5. CONCLUSION
• 5.1 Introduction to this chapter
• 5.2 Research findings
• 5.3 Implications: theoretical and practical
• 5.4 Limitations and further study
• NOTES
• WORKS CITED