用蒙娜·贝克的对等方法分析《名利场》中特定文化词和对话的翻译

论文摘要

任何翻译的目的都是为了在目标文本和源文本之间在类似的程度、水平、等级上找到对应以获得尽可能多的对等。对等是译者要达到的一个重要目标,也是评价翻译质量的标准之一。在翻译文学作品的过程中,特定文化词和对话是译者应该注意的两大要素。特定文化词是文化在词汇中的直接反映,是翻译中的一个难题。它要求译者不仅要以准确的语言来传递源文本中的语义信息,而且需要译者决定用一种或几种可用的翻译策略来再现“最紧密的自然的对等”,以便在最大程度上保留民族的韵味。而对话在描绘人物和推进故事情节发展上起着重要作用。因此,译者应该更加注意对话的翻译,最大程度地再现原作独特的语言风格和持久魅力。文学作品中的对话通常表达的不仅仅是字面上所说的意思,还暗示着语言自身以外的一些东西。言外之意的移植给译者造成了很大的困难。基于蒙娜·贝克的词层和语用对等方法,本文通过比较杨必与彭长江的中文译本来分析《名利场》中特定文化词和对话的翻译。通过分析,笔者发现在翻译中达到对等是一个复杂的过程,需要在翻译的过程中进行全面考虑,而不是用某一种断然的方法来处理。译者应该牢记绝对的对等是不可能的。译者要做的就是尽力接近原作,获得尽可能多的对等。在翻译的过程中,译者应该协调不同翻译方法的使用程度,应当避免解释过度有嚼饭喂人之嫌,而使读者无事可做。

论文目录

• ABSTRACT
• 中文摘要
• ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
• TABLE OF CONTENTS
• Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION
• 1.1 Focus of the Thesis
• 1.2 Literature Review
• 1.3 Source of Sample
• 1.4 Structure of the Thesis
• Chapter 2 MONA BAKER'S APPROACH TO EQUIVALENCE IN RELATION TO THE TRANSLATION OF CULTURE-SPECIFIC TERMS AND DIALOGUES
• 2.1 Baker's Approach to the Equivalence in the Translation of Culture-specific Terms
• 2.1.1 Culture-specific Concepts—the Biggest Problem of Non-equivalence at Word Level
• 2.1.2 The Significance of Culture-specific Terms in Translation
• 2.1.3 Strategies for Dealing with Non-equivalence of Culture-specific Concepts
• 2.2 Baker's Theory of Pragmatic Equivalence in the Translation of Dialogue
• 2.2.1 Co-operative Principle and Its Maxims
• 2.2.2 Conversational Implicature
• Chapter 3 EQUIVALENCE OF CULTURE-SPECIFIC TERMS IN THE TRANSLATION OF VANITY FAIR
• 3.1 Classification of Culture-specific Terms in Vanity Fair
• 3.1.1 Ecological Culture-specific Terms
• 3.1.2 Material Culture-specific Terms
• 3.1.3 Social Culture-specific Terms
• 3.1.4 Religious Culture-specific Terms
• 3.1.5 Linguistic Culture-specific Terms
• 3.2 Translation Strategies of Culture-specific Terms in Vanity Fair
• 3.2.1 Cultural Substitution
• 3.2.2 Paraphrase
• 3.2.3 Free Translation
• 3.2.3.1 Free Translation
• 3.2.3.2 Free Translation plus Annotation
• 3.2.4 Literal translation
• 3.2.4.1 Literal translation
• 3.2.4.2 Literal translation plus Annotation
• 3.2.5 Transliteration
• 3.2.5.1 Transliteration
• 3.2.5.2 Transliteration plus Annotation
• 3.2.5.3 Transliteration plus Paraphrase
• 3.2.5.4 Transliteration plus Literal Translation
• 3.2.5.5 Transliteration plus Literal Translation plus Annotation
• Chapter 4 PRAGMATIC EQUICALENCE IN THE TRANSLATION OF DIALOGUES IN VANITY FAIR
• 4.1 Fictional Dialogues and Pragmatic Equivalence
• 4.2 Important Factors in Working out Implicatures
• 4.2.1 The Conventional Meanings of Words and Structures and the Identity of References
• 4.2.1.1 The Conventional Meanings of Words and Structures
• 4.2.1.2 The Identity of Any References That May Be Involved
• 4.2.2 The Cooperative Principle and Its Maxims
• 4.2.2.1 The Violation of the Quantity Maxim
• 4.2.2.2 The Violation of the Quality Maxim
• 4.2.2.3 The Violation of the Relation Maxim
• 4.2.2.4 The Violation of the Manner Maxim
• 4.2.3 The Contexts,Linguistic or Otherwise,of the Utterance
• 4.2.4 Other Items of Background Knowledge
• 4.2.5 The Availability of All Relevant Items Falling under the Previous Headings
• 4.3 Translation Methods of Fictional Dialogues in Vanity Fair
• 4.3.1 Literal Translation
• 4.3.2 Adaptation
• 4.3.3 Paraphrase
• 4.3.4 Amplification
• 4.3.5 Annotation
• 4.3.5.1 Transliteration plus annotation
• 4.3.5.2 Literal translation plus annotation
• Chapter 5 CONCLUSION
• WORKS CITED