语义模糊及其翻译策略

语义模糊及其翻译策略

论文摘要

美国科学家扎德在1975年首次提出了“模糊”这一概念,这标志着人类思想界的一个大革命。从那个时候起,“模糊”就在学术界引起了激烈的讨论。随着时间的推移,“模糊”已经发展为与数学、逻辑学、心理学及语言学密切相关的学科。模糊语言学是一门有关于模糊语言的新型科学,它虽然起步于二十世纪七十年代,但前景十分光明。本文将着重讨论模糊语言的形成,功能及一些相关的翻译策略。 本文将通过定义和举例的办法区分含混、模糊、概括和歧义。然后本文将重点讨论语音模糊、语义模糊以及修辞模糊。在以上三种模糊中,文章将从词汇的层面重新审视语义模糊。从语用和文体这两方面对模糊语的功能加以分析以后,文章将重点结合纽马克的翻译观讨论针对模糊语的翻译策略。 众所周知,语言之间是相互独立的。也就是说,语言和语言在发音,语法等方面是相互独立的。但从跨文化交际的角度来看,语言之间又是相互关联的,即不同语言之间是可译的。译者就是连接不同语言的纽带。所以译者在翻译过程中应该进行自我衡量,通过使用语义翻译,交际翻译或者是这两种翻译的混合翻译来达到翻译的目的,也就是纽马克所说的准确和经济。 本文将模糊语的翻译策略分为三类:第一类是用译入语的模糊表达来翻译源语言中的模糊语;第二类是在翻译时做适当的变化,如添加或者省略;第三类是一种灵活应用法,即用译入语的模糊表达来翻译源语言中的精确表达或者用译入语的精确来翻译源语言中的模糊表达。 就以上提到的翻译策略而言,第一类是一种语义翻译,第二类是交际翻译,第三类则是语义翻译和交际翻译的有效结合。这三种方法灵活运用,就可以取得翻译的对等效果。而且这种对等同样也是一个模糊概念。

论文目录

  • Table of Contents (English)
  • Table of Contents (Chinese)
  • English Abstract
  • Chinese Abstract
  • Acknowledgements
  • CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION
  • 1.1 The history and forming of fuzzy language
  • 1.2 Differences among vagueness, fuzziness, generality and ambiguity
  • 1.3 Organization of the thesis
  • CHAPTER TWO TRANSLATION THEORIES
  • 2.1 A brief introduction of translation theories in China
  • 2.2 A brief review of translation theories in Western countries
  • 2.3 An introduction of Newmark's translation theory and methods
  • 2.4 Fuzziness and translation
  • CHAPTER THREE AN INTRODUCTION OF FUZZINESS
  • 3.1 Classification of fuzziness
  • 3.1.1 Phonological fuzziness
  • 3.1.1.1 Phonological fuzziness caused by liaison, homophones, pun or euphony
  • 3.1.1.2 Phonological fuzziness caused by different intonations
  • 3.1.2 Semantic fuzziness
  • 3.1.2.1 Grammatical fuzziness
  • 3.1.2.2 Pragmatic fuzziness
  • 3.1.3 Rhetorical fuzziness
  • 3.2 Semantic fuzziness on words level
  • 3.2.1 Nouns
  • 3.2.1.1 Abstract nouns
  • 3.2.1.2 Nouns referring to time, age or quality
  • 3.2.1.3 Placeholder words
  • 3.2.2 Verbs
  • 3.2.2.1 Modal auxiliaries
  • 3.2.2.2 Cognitive verbs
  • 3.2.2.3 Link verbs
  • 3.2.3 Adjectives
  • 3.2.3.1 Adjectives of probability
  • 3.2.3.2 Adjectives of frequency
  • 3.2.3.3 Adjectives of degree
  • 3.2.3.4 Adjectives of approximation
  • 3.2.3.5 Adjectives of quality
  • 3.2.4 Adverbs
  • 3.2.4.1 Adverbs of probability
  • 3.2.4.2 Adverbs of frequency
  • 3.2.4.3 Adverbs of degree
  • 3.2.4.4 Adverbs of approximation
  • 3.2.5 Numerals
  • 3.2.6 Other forms of fuzziness
  • CHAPTER FOUR FUNCTIONS OF FUZZY LANGUAGE
  • 4.1 Pragmatic function
  • 4.1.1 Giving the right amount of information or deliberately withholding some information in communication
  • 4.1.2 Enhancing the flexibility in communication and reaching the aim of self-protection
  • 4.1.3 Expressing politeness, euphemism and humour
  • 4.2 Stylistic function
  • 4.2.1 Literal works
  • 4.2.2 Academic writing
  • 4.2.3 News and political texts
  • 4.2.4 Advertisements and propaganda
  • 4.3 Summary
  • CHAPTER FIVE TRANSLATION FOR FUZZY LANGUAGE
  • 5.1 The relationship between fuzziness and translation
  • 5.2 Translation strategies for fuzzy language
  • 5.2.1 Literal translation
  • 5.2.1.1 Using the exact fuzzy words or expressions in the target language
  • 5.2.1.2 Making slight changes while rendering
  • 5.2.2 Liberal translation
  • 5.2.2.1 Addition
  • 5.2.2.2 Ellipsis
  • 5.2.3 Other translation methods for fuzziness
  • 5.3 Summary
  • CHAPTER SIX CONCLUSION
  • Bibliography
  • 承诺书
  • Appendix
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    语义模糊及其翻译策略
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