论文摘要
NiTi金属间化合物除具有形状记忆性能外,还具有优异的抗空蚀、抗冲蚀性能,并应用在水轮机、螺旋浆等过流部件具有广阔的应用前景。但由于NiTi合金不宜加工,选择喷涂方法制备Ni-Ti涂层成了理想方法;为了研究NiTi金属间化合物涂层形成的机理,本文采用Ni和Ti粉末及其机械合金化粉末制备了不同Ni/Ti扩散偶,观察了Ni-Ti在不同温度作用下的扩散界面并分析Ni和Ti扩散过程,重点研究了通过冷喷涂制备Ni/Ti涂层并在不同温度、保温时间不同下Ni-Ti的扩散行为及扩散形成NiTi金属间化合物机理;并研究了冷喷涂NiTi涂层的空蚀性能,为冷喷涂制备高性能的NiTi金属间化合物涂层提供理论依据。试验表明冷喷涂可制备出与球磨粉末基本一致的致密、无氧化Ni/Ti合金涂层。热处理条件对冷喷涂Ni/Ti扩散偶涂层组织结构及相结构影响显著。通过SEM观察Ni/Ti扩散后的界面形貌发现,随着热扩散温度的提高,Ni与Ti原子扩散加快,扩散前期阶段为固-固扩散,后期为扩散-固溶机制:且Ni3Ti、Ti2Ni和NiTi金属间化合物都有明显增加,Ni3Ti和Ti2Ni首先形成;随热处理保温时间的增加,涂层中NiTi金属间化合物呈单调递增规律,而对NiTi和Ti2Ni的生长影响不大。球磨时间显著影响Ni/Ti合金粉末内部层状组织的细化程度,低温球磨7.5h的Ni/Ti合金粉末在热扩散作用下更易获得NiTi金属间化合物。通过震动空蚀试验对未热处理及热处理的涂层比较分析发现,热处理后的NiTi金属间化合物涂层抗空蚀性能更好。
论文目录
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