诗学理论观照下胡适诗歌翻译风格研究

论文摘要

胡适是中国诗歌翻译史上的先驱,其“开风气之先”的白话译诗为“白话入诗”开辟了道路,在中国文学史和翻译史上立下了不朽丰碑。纵观胡适译诗风格,1918年前为古体文言译诗,1918年后为自由体白话译诗。译诗风格的独特性还体现在主题、叙述模式、标点符号几方面。前后两阶段的风格不一的译诗为本论文研究提供了弥足珍贵的史料。本文首先阐述诗学在文学领域里的概念,为描述译诗的风格准备合理的理论框架。接着文章讨论诗学在翻译研究领域的运用,包括前捷克斯洛伐克学者规约性的(prescriptive)学术观点和勒菲弗尔改写理论的诗学操控观。基于胡适译诗的个案,本文对翻译研究中诗学理论进行了进一步思考,即译作总是顺应成熟的译入语诗学,但当译入语诗学转型、成熟的诗学标准缺失时,译作主要起助建新诗学的作用,翻译策略也因此而异。文章的重点在于对胡适译诗风格、风格转型的描述,及转型诱因的探究。胡适在译诗的第一阶段使译诗主题、语体、叙述模式、标点符号都与译入语诗学相吻合,清晰体现了成熟的译入语诗学对译者的操控。在第二阶段,胡适一改往日译诗风格,在主题、语体、叙述模式、标点符号上采取了截然不一的翻译策略。研究发现,第二阶段译诗不是为了顺应译入语并未成熟的诗学规范,而是助建了译入语现代诗学。胡适译诗风格转型之际,译入语诗学也开始由传统向现代嬗变,显然译诗风格的转型受制于译入语诗学特征及转变。本文最后得出,胡适译诗的风格,在主题、语体、叙述模式、标点符号几方面特征显著,第一阶段在以上几方面顺应译入语诗学;第二阶段译入语诗学发生转型时,译作主要起促进新诗学建构的作用,译诗风格也相应发生根本性的变革。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• Acknowledgements
• Introduction
• Motivation of the Research
• Previous Studies on Hu Shi’s Poetry Translation
• Methodology
• Structure of the Thesis
• Chapter One Theoretical Framework
• 1.1 Poetics in Literary Theory
• 1.1.1 Poetics in the West
• 1.1.2 Poetics in China
• 1.2 Poetics in Translation Theory
• 1.2.1 The Background for Its Appearance
• 1.2.2 Poetics Theory of Former Czechoslovakian Scholars
• 1.2.3 The Manipulation of Poetics in Rewriting Theory
• 1.3 Further Thoughts on Poetics in Translation Theory
• Chapter Two Conforming to the Poetics of the Target Language: Hu Shi's Poetry Translation during the First Period （1908-1915）
• 2.1 Encouraging War and Revolution
• 2.2 Employing Classical Chinese and Traditional Poetic Form
• 2.3 Avoiding Monologue and Direct Speech
• 2.4 Using Comma and Period
• Chapter Three Promoting the Poetics’Construction of the Target Language: Hu Shi's Poetry Translation during the Second Period （1918-1943）
• 3.1 The Style of Hu Shi’s Second-Period Poetry Translation
• 3.1.1 Highlighting Human Nature
• 3.1.2 Employing Vernacular Chinese and Free Poetic Form
• 3.1.3 Restoring Monologue and Direct Speech
• 3.1.4 Applying Various Punctuation Marks
• 3.2 Exploration of the Cause of the Style Evolution of the Poetry Translation
• 3.2.1 Evolution of Chinese Poetics
• 3.2.1.1 Conception of Literature
• 3.2.1.2 Creation of Literature
• 3.2.2 Evolution of the Style of Hu Shi’s Poetry Translation
• 3.2.2.1 The First Period
• 3.2.2.2 The Second Period
• Conclusion
• Works Cited