翻译研究的伦理学视角初探

论文摘要

本文回顾了自公元前一世纪西塞罗时代以来翻译研究的不同途径,指出在当代建立一个新的、更理性的翻译研究途径的必要性,并提出从伦理学视角尝试翻译研究。本文首先介绍了伦理学的学科来源及其应用,阐释了伦理学与翻译的联系,继而详细论证了将伦理学引入翻译研究的可行性。鉴于目前翻译伦理问题的研究现状,本文将借用切特斯曼提出的五种伦理模式,就翻译实践中的具体问题展开关于翻译伦理问题的初步探讨。本文接下来的部分着力于对翻译伦理的分析以及译者对翻译伦理的遵从与违背。为借机阐明翻译伦理之“伦理”与民族文化中的“伦理”之区别,同时考虑到林纾所处的特殊时代背景,本文选取林译小说中由伦理文化差异所致的有意误译进行实例研究。通过基于以上五种伦理模式的分析,本文指出了翻译伦理的内在矛盾以及译者作为翻译伦理实施者的能动调和。林纾的翻译虽然违背了翻译的再现伦理,但却在客观上遵守了翻译的交际伦理、服务伦理以及基于规范的伦理。此后,通过对比分析现当代对林纾误译译例的复译,本文指出翻译伦理是一个历史概念,而复译便是译者伦理意识嬗变的反映。在此基础上,本文从伦理学的角度对误译现象给以重新评价。本文最后一部分讨论了全球化语境下翻译的伦理问题,指出文化全球化对翻译实践活动有着重要的影响,因而翻译伦理问题也应置于文化全球化的语境下进行考虑。另外本文还就当代译者伦理意识的提高提出了些许见解。

论文目录

• Acknowledgements
• ABSTRACT
• 中文摘要
• Introduction
• Chapter 1 A Review of Translation Studies
• 1.1 Translation Studies as an Independent Discipline
• 1.2 Historical Review of Translation Studies
• 1.2.1 The Chronological Development of Translation Studies
• 1.2.1.1 The Pre-linguistic Period
• 1.2.1.2 The Linguistic Period
• 1.2.1.3 The Cultural Period
• 1.2.2 Approaches to Translation Studies
• 1.3 Translation Studies and Other Disciplines: Implications
• Chapter 2 Ethics and Translation Studies
• 2.1 Ethics and its Application
• 2.1.1 Definition of Ethics
• 2.1.2 The Application of Ethics
• 2.2 The Applicability of Ethics to Translation Studies
• 2.2.1 Ethics and Translation
• 2.2.1.1 Translation as an Act of Intercultural Communication
• 2.2.1.2 Translation as a Decision-Making Process
• 2.2.1.3 Translation as a Profession
• 2.2.2 Translation Studies Viewed from an Ethical Perspective
• 2.2.3 The Return to Ethics in Translation Studies
• 2.3 The Study of Translation Ethics: An Overview
• 2.3.1 Berman: The Initiator of “Translation Ethics”
• 2.3.2 Venuti: Ethics Featured with Resistancy
• 2.3.3 Pym: The Translator’s Ethics
• 2.3.4 Chesterman: Models of Translation Ethics
• Chapter 3 Translation Ethics at Work
• 3.1 Interpretation of Translation Ethics: The Five Models Proposed by Chesterman
• 3.1.1 Clarification of Concepts
• 3.1.2 Analysis of Models
• 3.1.2.1 Ethics of Representation
• 3.1.2.2 Ethics of Service
• 3.1.2.3 Ethics of Communication
• 3.1.2.4 Norm-based Ethics
• 3.1.2.5 Ethics of Commitment
• 3.2 A Case Study: Mistranslation from the Perspective of Translation Ethics
• 3.2.1 Introduction: Lin Shu’s Mistranslation Related to Ethical Culture
• 3.2.1.1 Cultural Differences and Intentional Mistranslation
• 3.2.1.2 Intentional Mistranslation Related to Ethical Culture: Lin Shu’s Example
• 3.2.1.3 Evaluation of Mistranslation: From the Past to the Present
• 3.2.2 Lin Shu and the Models of Translation Ethics: Obeying and Violating
• 3.2.2.1 The Socio-Cultural Background of Lin Shu’s Translation
• 3.2.2.2 Inherent Conflicts of Translation Ethics vs. Voluntary Mediation on the Part of Lin Shu
• 3.2.3 Reevaluation of Cultural Mistranslation: An Ethical Perspective
• 3.3 Translation Ethics—A Diachronic Concept: Retranslations of Lin Shu
• 3.3.1 The Dynamic Nature of Translation Ethics
• 3.3.2 Retranslations of Lin Shu
• 3.3.3 Retranslation, the Translator and Translation Ethics
• 3.4 Summary
• Chapter 4 Reflections: Translation Ethics in the Globalized Context
• 4.1 Globalization and Culture
• 4.2 Translation in the Context of Cultural Globalization
• 4.3 Implications for the Ethics of Translation
• 4.4 Reflections on the Translator’s Ethical Consciousness
• Conclusion
• Bibliography