20世纪80年代初和新世纪小说翻译的规范个案比较研究 ——以《麦田里的守望者》两个中译本为例

论文摘要

描述性翻译研究理论有助于翻译研究从规定走向描述。以此为方法论背景,本论文以图里提出的翻译规范理论为理论框架,从文本内和文本外因素着手,分析了《麦田里的守望者》的两个中译本,一是施咸荣1983年译本,由漓江出版社出版,一是孙仲旭2007年译本,由译林出版社出版。本论文描述了两译本中体现的部分规律性特征,并考察这两种翻译活动的社会文化环境,这有助于较为全面地了解译者在特定的社会文化背景下的翻译活动,并有助于较为客观地解释翻译现象。通过对两部译作的对比分析,本论文得出如下研究结论:1)从结构规范的角度来看,施译中较多地保留了原文的句式特征,单句的长度与原文基本一致,但是孙译本则把单句以意群为意义单位合并为长句。不过,施译本中出现了用符号代替原文语言材料的现象,孙译本中则没有此类翻译现象。但是,从整个文本结构来看,八十年代初的施译本较多地保留了原文的异质因素,新世纪初的孙译本较多地倾向于目的语文化中的文本结构。2)从文本语言规范的角度来看,原文典型的口语体特点在施译本中得到较多的保留,孙译本的语体级别则高于原文,因为在孙译本中较多地运用了长句和四字词语。另外,施译本将原文中的比喻和夸张的语言完全直译到目的语中,给目的语读者以语言表达的新鲜感,而孙译本则较多地采用了目的语中现成的表达方式,便于为目的语读者所接受。在处理原文中的粗俗语言材料时,施译本用符号代替原文中六处特别粗俗的语言材料,保留了原文语言材料的潜在意义,而孙译本则明确翻译出原文的文本内容。所以,从文本语体和语言的角度来看,八十年代初的施译本中较多地保留了原文的异质因素,新世纪初的孙译本较多地体现了目的语文化的语言规范。从预先规范的角度来看,八十年代初的施译本倾向于翻译的充分性,并适当兼顾译文的可接受性;而新世纪的孙译本则倾向于翻译的可接受性,并适当兼顾译文的充分性。另外,通过考察两个翻译活动的文本外因素,本论文得出如下结论:从初始规范的角度来看,两个译本均是从源语即英语直接翻译,没有借助于第三种语言。此外,在二十世纪八十年代初,翻译出版物类型单一;而从二十世纪九十年代至新世纪,翻译出版物类型多样。

论文目录

• Chinese Abstract
• English Abstract
• Abbreviations
• Chapter One Introduction
• 1.1 Rationale and Research Background
• 1.2 Research Questions and Research Hypotheses
• 1.3 Research Methods and Data Collection
• 1.4 Objectives and Significance of this Research
• Chapter Two Literature Review and Theoretical Framework
• 2.1 An Overview of the Descriptive Translational Norms
• 2.1.1 Relevant Researches on the Theory of Descriptive Translational Norms in the West
• 2.1.2 Relevant Researches on the Theory of Descriptive Translational Norms in China
• 2.2 Gideon Toury's Classification of Translational Norms
• 2.3 From Strategies to Norms
• 2.4 Theoretical Framework
• Chapter Three Preliminary Norms Reconstructed From Extratextual Sources
• 3.1 An Introduction to J.D.Salinger and The Catcher in the Rye
• 3.2 A Review of Responses to The Catcher in the Rye
• 3.3 Preliminary Norms Reconstructed From the Aspect of Publishing House
• 3.4 Preliminary Norms from the Aspect of Directness of Translation
• Chapter Four Operational Norms and Initial Norms Reconstructed from Translated Texts
• 4.1 Matricial Norms Reconstructed from Comparative Analysis of the Two Translations
• 4.1.1 Matricial Norms as Seen from the Strategy of Omission
• 4.1.2 Matricial Norms as Seen from Syntactical Construction
• 4.2 Textual-linguistic Norms Reconstructed from Comparative Analysis of The Two Translations
• 4.2.1 Difference in the Frequency of Using Four-Chinese-Character Expressions
• 4.2.2 Difference in Style Variations of Translating Foul Language
• 4.2.3 Difference in Strategies of Translating Figurative and Exaggerative Phrases
• 4.3 Initial Norms Reconstructed from Comparative Analysis of the Two Translations
• Chapter Five Exploration of the Causes of Differences in Translational Norms
• 5.1 Linguistic Factor
• 5.2 Lingua-stylistic Factor
• 5.3 Initiators' Factor
• 5.4 Socio-cultural Factor
• Chapter Six Conclusions
• 6.1 Findings of the Present Research
• 6.2 Limitations of the Present Research and Suggestions for the Future Research
• Bibliography
• Acknowledgements