本文主要研究内容
作者瞿照珺（2019）在《孕穗期冷水胁迫对寒地粳稻根系生长及氮代谢的影响》一文中研究指出：黑龙江省是国家重要的粳稻主产区和商品粳稻生产基地,2016年黑龙江粳稻种植面积达381万公顷,总产量达2255.3万吨,占全国水稻总产的10.9%,黑龙江省粳稻的稳产、高产是国家粮食安全,尤其是口粮安全的重要保障。黑龙江省作为主要寒地稻作区,低温冷害频繁发生,现已成为限制黑龙江省水稻发展的主要因素之一。孕穗期是水稻产量形成的关键时期,也是对温度敏感的时期。该时期遭遇低温冷害,严重影响水稻的生长发育进程、生理生化特性及产量形成过程,甚至会造成大幅度减产或绝产。水稻根系是水分和养分吸收的主要器官,对水稻的生长具有至关重要的作用。氮代谢是作物体内关键的基础代谢途径之一,对维持代谢途径和生理功能具有至关重要作用。本试验以粳稻品种东农428和松粳10号为试验材料,采用冷水胁迫的方式在大田条件下模拟自然冷害,研究孕穗期冷水胁迫对寒地粳稻根系形态建成和氮代谢的影响,旨在探明孕穗期低温胁迫下寒地粳稻根系生长与氮代谢及其与产量的关系,揭示寒地粳稻根系氮代谢对冷水胁迫的响应机制,从而丰富寒地粳稻氮代谢生理基础,为寒地粳稻耐冷生理研究提供理论依据。本试验主要结果如下:1.孕穗期冷水胁迫抑制胁迫期间寒地粳稻根系发生和生长,加快寒地粳稻齐穗期至成熟期根系衰老。与对照相比,孕穗期冷水胁迫期间和胁迫后根长密度、根体积、根表面积和根平均直径均下降,且降幅随处理天数增加而增大,处理间存在差异。冷水胁迫3d寒地粳稻上述指标差异不显著;冷水胁迫6-15d下显著下降。孕穗期冷水胁迫期间和胁迫后东农428根长密度、根体积、根表面积下降幅度低于松粳10,随胁迫时间延长其差距不断增大,这是东农428产量降幅较松粳10低的原因之一。2.孕穗期冷水胁迫抑制胁迫期间寒地粳稻根系生理活性,处理结束后仍然具有抑制作用。与对照相比,孕穗期冷水胁迫期间和胁迫后寒地粳稻根系氧化力和根系伤流强度均下降,且降幅随处理天数增加而增大,处理间存在差异。冷水胁迫3d根系活力差异不显著(除松粳10根系伤流强度差异显著外);冷水胁迫6-15d显著下降。冷水胁迫期间以及齐穗期和乳熟期东农428根系活力下降幅度低于松粳10,随着胁迫时间延长其差距不断增大,这是东农428根系养分转运高于松粳10的原因之一。3.孕穗期冷水胁迫期间寒地粳稻根系硝酸还原酶(NR)活性随胁迫天数不同而发生变化。与对照相比,冷水胁迫3-6d寒地粳稻根系NR活性上升;冷水胁迫9-15d寒地粳稻根系NR活性均显著下降。孕穗期冷水胁迫后寒地粳稻齐穗至蜡熟期根系NR活性显著下降,降幅随处理天数增加而增大,处理间存在差异。东农428比松粳10能维持较高的根系NR活性。4.与对照相比,孕穗期冷水胁迫期间和胁迫后寒地粳稻根系氨同化酶活性活性均上升,且增幅随处理天数增加而增大,处理间存在差异。孕穗期冷水胁迫3d东农428根系谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)、谷氨酸合成酶(GOGAT)和谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)活性均与对照差异不显著,松粳10则显著增加;冷水胁迫6-15d寒地粳稻根系GS、GOGAT和GDH活性显著上升。冷水胁迫期间和胁迫后东农428根系GS、GOGAT活性的增幅小于松粳10,根系GDH活性的增幅大于松粳10。5.与对照相比,孕穗期冷水胁迫期间和胁迫后寒地粳稻根系谷草转氨酶(GOT)和谷丙转氨酶(GPT)活性上升,且增幅随处理天数增加而增大,处理间存在差异。冷水胁迫6-15d东农428根系GOT活性显著上升;冷水胁迫9-15d松粳10根系GOT活性显著上升;冷水胁迫东农428根系GPT活性一直显著上升;冷水胁迫6d后松粳10根系GPT活性显著上升。冷水胁迫期间和胁迫后东农428根系GOT和GPT活性增幅比松粳10大。6.与对照相比,孕穗期冷水胁迫后寒地粳稻植株氮素积累量和地上部氮素积累比例下降,且降幅随处理天数增加而增大,处理和品种间存在差异。孕穗期冷水胁迫后寒地粳稻齐穗期单位根长氮量和氮素干物质生产效率上升,且增幅随处理天数增加而增大,处理和品种间存在差异。7.与对照相比,孕穗期冷水胁迫期间以及齐穗至成熟期寒地粳稻根干重、地上部干重和根冠比均下降,且降幅随处理天数增加而增大,处理间存在差异。与对照相比,冷水胁迫3d根干重和地上部干重差异不显著;冷水胁迫6-15d显著下降。冷水胁迫期间和胁迫后东农428比松粳10根干重和地上部干重的降幅小。8.与对照相比,孕穗期冷水胁迫后寒地粳稻产量及产量构成因素均下降,且降幅随处理天数增加而增大,处理间存在差异。东农428产量及产量构成因素降幅均低于松粳10,其中东农428和松粳10产量降幅范围分别是3.64%-43.05%、17.79%-51.75%。东农428在D3处理下产量构成因素差异不显著与其根系形态和活力差异不显著有关。东农428耐冷性较松粳10强的原因是冷水胁迫下东农428较高的根长密度、根干重、根系活力和根系NR活性使得东农428植株氮素积累量和地上部干重较高,最终使产量降幅较松粳10低。
Abstract
hei long jiang sheng shi guo jia chong yao de jing dao zhu chan ou he shang pin jing dao sheng chan ji de ,2016nian hei long jiang jing dao chong zhi mian ji da 381mo gong qing ,zong chan liang da 2255.3mo dun ,zhan quan guo shui dao zong chan de 10.9%,hei long jiang sheng jing dao de wen chan 、gao chan shi guo jia liang shi an quan ,you ji shi kou liang an quan de chong yao bao zhang 。hei long jiang sheng zuo wei zhu yao han de dao zuo ou ,di wen leng hai pin fan fa sheng ,xian yi cheng wei xian zhi hei long jiang sheng shui dao fa zhan de zhu yao yin su zhi yi 。yun sui ji shi shui dao chan liang xing cheng de guan jian shi ji ,ye shi dui wen du min gan de shi ji 。gai shi ji zao yu di wen leng hai ,yan chong ying xiang shui dao de sheng chang fa yo jin cheng 、sheng li sheng hua te xing ji chan liang xing cheng guo cheng ,shen zhi hui zao cheng da fu du jian chan huo jue chan 。shui dao gen ji shi shui fen he yang fen xi shou de zhu yao qi guan ,dui shui dao de sheng chang ju you zhi guan chong yao de zuo yong 。dan dai xie shi zuo wu ti nei guan jian de ji chu dai xie tu jing zhi yi ,dui wei chi dai xie tu jing he sheng li gong neng ju you zhi guan chong yao zuo yong 。ben shi yan yi jing dao pin chong dong nong 428he song jing 10hao wei shi yan cai liao ,cai yong leng shui xie pai de fang shi zai da tian tiao jian xia mo ni zi ran leng hai ,yan jiu yun sui ji leng shui xie pai dui han de jing dao gen ji xing tai jian cheng he dan dai xie de ying xiang ,zhi zai tan ming yun sui ji di wen xie pai xia han de jing dao gen ji sheng chang yu dan dai xie ji ji yu chan liang de guan ji ,jie shi han de jing dao gen ji dan dai xie dui leng shui xie pai de xiang ying ji zhi ,cong er feng fu han de jing dao dan dai xie sheng li ji chu ,wei han de jing dao nai leng sheng li yan jiu di gong li lun yi ju 。ben shi yan zhu yao jie guo ru xia :1.yun sui ji leng shui xie pai yi zhi xie pai ji jian han de jing dao gen ji fa sheng he sheng chang ,jia kuai han de jing dao ji sui ji zhi cheng shou ji gen ji cui lao 。yu dui zhao xiang bi ,yun sui ji leng shui xie pai ji jian he xie pai hou gen chang mi du 、gen ti ji 、gen biao mian ji he gen ping jun zhi jing jun xia jiang ,ju jiang fu sui chu li tian shu zeng jia er zeng da ,chu li jian cun zai cha yi 。leng shui xie pai 3dhan de jing dao shang shu zhi biao cha yi bu xian zhe ;leng shui xie pai 6-15dxia xian zhe xia jiang 。yun sui ji leng shui xie pai ji jian he xie pai hou dong nong 428gen chang mi du 、gen ti ji 、gen biao mian ji xia jiang fu du di yu song jing 10,sui xie pai shi jian yan chang ji cha ju bu duan zeng da ,zhe shi dong nong 428chan liang jiang fu jiao song jing 10di de yuan yin zhi yi 。2.yun sui ji leng shui xie pai yi zhi xie pai ji jian han de jing dao gen ji sheng li huo xing ,chu li jie shu hou reng ran ju you yi zhi zuo yong 。yu dui zhao xiang bi ,yun sui ji leng shui xie pai ji jian he xie pai hou han de jing dao gen ji yang hua li he gen ji shang liu jiang du jun xia jiang ,ju jiang fu sui chu li tian shu zeng jia er zeng da ,chu li jian cun zai cha yi 。leng shui xie pai 3dgen ji huo li cha yi bu xian zhe (chu song jing 10gen ji shang liu jiang du cha yi xian zhe wai );leng shui xie pai 6-15dxian zhe xia jiang 。leng shui xie pai ji jian yi ji ji sui ji he ru shou ji dong nong 428gen ji huo li xia jiang fu du di yu song jing 10,sui zhao xie pai shi jian yan chang ji cha ju bu duan zeng da ,zhe shi dong nong 428gen ji yang fen zhuai yun gao yu song jing 10de yuan yin zhi yi 。3.yun sui ji leng shui xie pai ji jian han de jing dao gen ji xiao suan hai yuan mei (NR)huo xing sui xie pai tian shu bu tong er fa sheng bian hua 。yu dui zhao xiang bi ,leng shui xie pai 3-6dhan de jing dao gen ji NRhuo xing shang sheng ;leng shui xie pai 9-15dhan de jing dao gen ji NRhuo xing jun xian zhe xia jiang 。yun sui ji leng shui xie pai hou han de jing dao ji sui zhi la shou ji gen ji NRhuo xing xian zhe xia jiang ,jiang fu sui chu li tian shu zeng jia er zeng da ,chu li jian cun zai cha yi 。dong nong 428bi song jing 10neng wei chi jiao gao de gen ji NRhuo xing 。4.yu dui zhao xiang bi ,yun sui ji leng shui xie pai ji jian he xie pai hou han de jing dao gen ji an tong hua mei huo xing huo xing jun shang sheng ,ju zeng fu sui chu li tian shu zeng jia er zeng da ,chu li jian cun zai cha yi 。yun sui ji leng shui xie pai 3ddong nong 428gen ji gu an xian an ge cheng mei (GS)、gu an suan ge cheng mei (GOGAT)he gu an suan tuo qing mei (GDH)huo xing jun yu dui zhao cha yi bu xian zhe ,song jing 10ze xian zhe zeng jia ;leng shui xie pai 6-15dhan de jing dao gen ji GS、GOGAThe GDHhuo xing xian zhe shang sheng 。leng shui xie pai ji jian he xie pai hou dong nong 428gen ji GS、GOGAThuo xing de zeng fu xiao yu song jing 10,gen ji GDHhuo xing de zeng fu da yu song jing 10。5.yu dui zhao xiang bi ,yun sui ji leng shui xie pai ji jian he xie pai hou han de jing dao gen ji gu cao zhuai an mei (GOT)he gu bing zhuai an mei (GPT)huo xing shang sheng ,ju zeng fu sui chu li tian shu zeng jia er zeng da ,chu li jian cun zai cha yi 。leng shui xie pai 6-15ddong nong 428gen ji GOThuo xing xian zhe shang sheng ;leng shui xie pai 9-15dsong jing 10gen ji GOThuo xing xian zhe shang sheng ;leng shui xie pai dong nong 428gen ji GPThuo xing yi zhi xian zhe shang sheng ;leng shui xie pai 6dhou song jing 10gen ji GPThuo xing xian zhe shang sheng 。leng shui xie pai ji jian he xie pai hou dong nong 428gen ji GOThe GPThuo xing zeng fu bi song jing 10da 。6.yu dui zhao xiang bi ,yun sui ji leng shui xie pai hou han de jing dao zhi zhu dan su ji lei liang he de shang bu dan su ji lei bi li xia jiang ,ju jiang fu sui chu li tian shu zeng jia er zeng da ,chu li he pin chong jian cun zai cha yi 。yun sui ji leng shui xie pai hou han de jing dao ji sui ji chan wei gen chang dan liang he dan su gan wu zhi sheng chan xiao lv shang sheng ,ju zeng fu sui chu li tian shu zeng jia er zeng da ,chu li he pin chong jian cun zai cha yi 。7.yu dui zhao xiang bi ,yun sui ji leng shui xie pai ji jian yi ji ji sui zhi cheng shou ji han de jing dao gen gan chong 、de shang bu gan chong he gen guan bi jun xia jiang ,ju jiang fu sui chu li tian shu zeng jia er zeng da ,chu li jian cun zai cha yi 。yu dui zhao xiang bi ,leng shui xie pai 3dgen gan chong he de shang bu gan chong cha yi bu xian zhe ;leng shui xie pai 6-15dxian zhe xia jiang 。leng shui xie pai ji jian he xie pai hou dong nong 428bi song jing 10gen gan chong he de shang bu gan chong de jiang fu xiao 。8.yu dui zhao xiang bi ,yun sui ji leng shui xie pai hou han de jing dao chan liang ji chan liang gou cheng yin su jun xia jiang ,ju jiang fu sui chu li tian shu zeng jia er zeng da ,chu li jian cun zai cha yi 。dong nong 428chan liang ji chan liang gou cheng yin su jiang fu jun di yu song jing 10,ji zhong dong nong 428he song jing 10chan liang jiang fu fan wei fen bie shi 3.64%-43.05%、17.79%-51.75%。dong nong 428zai D3chu li xia chan liang gou cheng yin su cha yi bu xian zhe yu ji gen ji xing tai he huo li cha yi bu xian zhe you guan 。dong nong 428nai leng xing jiao song jing 10jiang de yuan yin shi leng shui xie pai xia dong nong 428jiao gao de gen chang mi du 、gen gan chong 、gen ji huo li he gen ji NRhuo xing shi de dong nong 428zhi zhu dan su ji lei liang he de shang bu gan chong jiao gao ,zui zhong shi chan liang jiang fu jiao song jing 10di 。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自东北农业大学的瞿照珺，发表于刊物东北农业大学2019-08-27论文，是一篇关于寒地粳稻论文,孕穗期论文,冷水胁迫论文,根系形态论文,根系活力论文,氮代谢论文,产量论文,东北农业大学2019-08-27论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自东北农业大学2019-08-27论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：寒地粳稻论文; 孕穗期论文; 冷水胁迫论文; 根系形态论文; 根系活力论文; 氮代谢论文; 产量论文; 东北农业大学2019-08-27论文;