论文摘要
本文运用韩礼德的系统功能语法理论,结合李战子等学者的理论,从语气,情态操作词,人称代词,评价词四个方面分析了奥巴马的就职演讲,以其通过个案分析,找出政治演讲中实现人际功能的语言手段。近年来,越来越多的学者开始关注某一特定语篇的人际意义研究。如Sultan对医生诊断报告的研究;李战子对个人自传中实现人际意义的手段的研究;以及其他学者对学术话语,广告语篇等的人际功能研究。尽管鲜有学者专门针对政治语篇的人际功能进行研究,在其他语篇的研究成果为我们进行政治语篇的人际功能研究提供了宝贵的理论视角和经验。韩礼德指出语言有三种元功能:概念功能,人际功能和语篇功能。人际功能是指人们用语言来表达自己的观点,建立和保持人际关系,影响别人的行为。韩礼德主要从语气,情态,语调三个方面研究人际功能的实现。他的整个语法系统结构严密、语言精确。但另一方面,我们发现在词汇层面实现人际功能的手段广泛地存在着。本文试图在韩礼德的系统功能语法理论的基础上,在政治演讲中探讨实现人际功能的多种手段。研究发现,语气,情态,人称代词,评价词是奥巴马就职演讲中实现人际功能的有效手段。使用大量陈述句,他宣扬了自己的政治观点和主张。祈使句的使用彰显了总统的权威,而“Let”结构的使用缓和了权利,与听众建立了良好的关系。通过不同的情态操作词,演讲者实现了演讲的多重目的:维护其地位,激励听众,拉近与听众的距离。选择不同的人称代词,演讲者不仅实现了一般演讲的目的,如吸引观众注意力,维护双方关系,同时也达到了政治演讲特有的目的,如将权利施加给听众。评价词也是实现人际功能的有效手段。通过评价词,演讲者表达感情,做出判断,在维护其权威地位的同时,激励听众,赢得听众的信任。
论文目录
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