本文主要研究内容
作者孟楠楠(2019)在《灵芝子实体多糖的提取及复合冲调粉的研制》一文中研究指出:灵芝(Ganoderma lucidum)是担子菌门伞菌纲多孔菌目灵芝科灵芝属真菌,研究发现灵芝子实体、孢子粉都具有调节免疫、抗肿瘤、保肝解毒、降三高等功效。常见的灵芝产品大多为灵芝孢子粉及其加工品,而产量较大的灵芝子实体却难以被充分利用,造成灵芝资源的浪费。本课题以山东省内的灵芝子实体和破壁孢子粉为研究对象,对其进行了基本理化性质的测定,通过各种参数比较确定合适的灵芝原料。然后,采用热水浸提法提取灵芝子实体的多糖,通过DEAE-52纤维素柱及葡聚糖凝胶Sephadex G-100柱进行分离纯化。将纯化获得的三种多糖进行了分子量大小、单糖组成以及红外光谱的测定。然后将灵芝子实体多糖粗提物进行喷雾干燥,通过单因素实验来确定灵芝多糖粗提物的喷雾干燥工艺,并制备了灵芝多糖粗提粉。将粗提粉与孢子粉按照“全灵芝”的概念进行复配,制备了复合冲调粉,并对其进行了理化特性测定。主要研究结果如下:(1)采集了两种灵芝子实体样品(GL-F1F2)和六种灵芝孢子粉样品(GL-S1S6)。经测定,不同来源的灵芝子实体和孢子粉之间含水率差异显著,而含油率无显著差异。孢子粉含油率约为子实体的10倍。孢子粉总糖、多糖含量高于子实体,子实体还原糖含量高于孢子粉。其中孢子粉中GL-S4多糖含量最高,子实体中GL-F1多糖含量最高。孢子粉中未检出灵芝酸a、b,而灵芝子实体中检出了灵芝酸a、b。子实体GL-F1灵芝酸a、b含量最高。6种灵芝孢子粉中镉、铅、砷重金属含量均低于GB16740-2014和GB2762-2012中的含量限值。经粒径分布分析得出孢子粉GL-S4的D[4,3]和D50相差值最小,说明其粉的一致性好,即粒度分布均匀,使用性能好。孢子粉的扫描电镜观察结果表明碾压式破壁方式较撞击式破壁方式破壁更完全,其中孢子粉GL-S4为碾压式破壁,其破壁效果最好。综合分析,选出孢子粉GL-S4及子实体GL-F1用于下步研究。(2)采用热水浸提法提取灵芝子实体GL-F1粗多糖,得率为1.32%。将GL-F1粗多糖通过DEAE-52纤维素阴离子交换柱进行分离纯化,得到3种多糖组分,分别是GP-1、GP-2、GP-3。其中,GP-1是中性多糖,而GP-2、GP-3是酸性多糖。将分离得到的三种多糖组分过Sephadex G-100柱子,得到三种对应单一多糖。(3)通过高效凝胶色谱法测定三种多糖的分子量。GP-1分子量为3.215×104Da,GP-2和GP-3的平均分子量分别为4.483×104Da和1.146×105Da。采用柱前衍生化高效液相色谱法测定灵芝多糖的单糖组成,测得GP-1的单糖组成为甘露糖、鼠李糖、葡萄糖和木糖,摩尔比为12.66:2.01:41.73:43.60。GP-2的单糖组成为甘露糖、鼠李糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖和木糖,摩尔比为16.65:0.65:55.44:10.55:16.72。GP-3的单糖组成为甘露糖、鼠李糖、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖、半乳糖和木糖,摩尔比为2.37:0.88:1.12:78.96:11.45:5.22。三种组分的红外光谱分析结果显示GP-1,GP-2和GP-3均具有多糖的特征链带,基于数据推断,GP-1,GP-2和GP-3均为以吡喃糖为主链的多糖。(4)通过单因素实验得到灵芝子实体多糖粗提粉的喷雾干燥最佳工艺参数,即麦芽糊精的适宜添加量为10%,进风温度为170℃,空气流量700L/h,进料量10mL/min。(5)结合“全灵芝”灵芝冲调粉的理念,将子实体多糖提取物和孢子粉进行复配(每10g孢子粉中加入由40g子实体中提取的粗提物),制成复合冲调粉。为解决复合冲调粉的溶解性和氧化性问题,在冲调剂中添加1%乳清蛋白和0.02%的TBHQ。对复合冲调粉进行理化特性的测定,结果显示产品的复水性、分散性、稳定性、溶解性等理化特性较好。
Abstract
ling zhi (Ganoderma lucidum)shi dan zi jun men san jun gang duo kong jun mu ling zhi ke ling zhi shu zhen jun ,yan jiu fa xian ling zhi zi shi ti 、bao zi fen dou ju you diao jie mian yi 、kang zhong liu 、bao gan jie du 、jiang san gao deng gong xiao 。chang jian de ling zhi chan pin da duo wei ling zhi bao zi fen ji ji jia gong pin ,er chan liang jiao da de ling zhi zi shi ti que nan yi bei chong fen li yong ,zao cheng ling zhi zi yuan de lang fei 。ben ke ti yi shan dong sheng nei de ling zhi zi shi ti he po bi bao zi fen wei yan jiu dui xiang ,dui ji jin hang le ji ben li hua xing zhi de ce ding ,tong guo ge chong can shu bi jiao que ding ge kuo de ling zhi yuan liao 。ran hou ,cai yong re shui jin di fa di qu ling zhi zi shi ti de duo tang ,tong guo DEAE-52qian wei su zhu ji pu ju tang ning jiao Sephadex G-100zhu jin hang fen li chun hua 。jiang chun hua huo de de san chong duo tang jin hang le fen zi liang da xiao 、chan tang zu cheng yi ji gong wai guang pu de ce ding 。ran hou jiang ling zhi zi shi ti duo tang cu di wu jin hang pen wu gan zao ,tong guo chan yin su shi yan lai que ding ling zhi duo tang cu di wu de pen wu gan zao gong yi ,bing zhi bei le ling zhi duo tang cu di fen 。jiang cu di fen yu bao zi fen an zhao “quan ling zhi ”de gai nian jin hang fu pei ,zhi bei le fu ge chong diao fen ,bing dui ji jin hang le li hua te xing ce ding 。zhu yao yan jiu jie guo ru xia :(1)cai ji le liang chong ling zhi zi shi ti yang pin (GL-F1F2)he liu chong ling zhi bao zi fen yang pin (GL-S1S6)。jing ce ding ,bu tong lai yuan de ling zhi zi shi ti he bao zi fen zhi jian han shui lv cha yi xian zhe ,er han you lv mo xian zhe cha yi 。bao zi fen han you lv yao wei zi shi ti de 10bei 。bao zi fen zong tang 、duo tang han liang gao yu zi shi ti ,zi shi ti hai yuan tang han liang gao yu bao zi fen 。ji zhong bao zi fen zhong GL-S4duo tang han liang zui gao ,zi shi ti zhong GL-F1duo tang han liang zui gao 。bao zi fen zhong wei jian chu ling zhi suan a、b,er ling zhi zi shi ti zhong jian chu le ling zhi suan a、b。zi shi ti GL-F1ling zhi suan a、bhan liang zui gao 。6chong ling zhi bao zi fen zhong ge 、qian 、shen chong jin shu han liang jun di yu GB16740-2014he GB2762-2012zhong de han liang xian zhi 。jing li jing fen bu fen xi de chu bao zi fen GL-S4de D[4,3]he D50xiang cha zhi zui xiao ,shui ming ji fen de yi zhi xing hao ,ji li du fen bu jun yun ,shi yong xing neng hao 。bao zi fen de sao miao dian jing guan cha jie guo biao ming nian ya shi po bi fang shi jiao zhuang ji shi po bi fang shi po bi geng wan quan ,ji zhong bao zi fen GL-S4wei nian ya shi po bi ,ji po bi xiao guo zui hao 。zeng ge fen xi ,shua chu bao zi fen GL-S4ji zi shi ti GL-F1yong yu xia bu yan jiu 。(2)cai yong re shui jin di fa di qu ling zhi zi shi ti GL-F1cu duo tang ,de lv wei 1.32%。jiang GL-F1cu duo tang tong guo DEAE-52qian wei su yin li zi jiao huan zhu jin hang fen li chun hua ,de dao 3chong duo tang zu fen ,fen bie shi GP-1、GP-2、GP-3。ji zhong ,GP-1shi zhong xing duo tang ,er GP-2、GP-3shi suan xing duo tang 。jiang fen li de dao de san chong duo tang zu fen guo Sephadex G-100zhu zi ,de dao san chong dui ying chan yi duo tang 。(3)tong guo gao xiao ning jiao se pu fa ce ding san chong duo tang de fen zi liang 。GP-1fen zi liang wei 3.215×104Da,GP-2he GP-3de ping jun fen zi liang fen bie wei 4.483×104Dahe 1.146×105Da。cai yong zhu qian yan sheng hua gao xiao ye xiang se pu fa ce ding ling zhi duo tang de chan tang zu cheng ,ce de GP-1de chan tang zu cheng wei gan lou tang 、shu li tang 、pu tao tang he mu tang ,ma er bi wei 12.66:2.01:41.73:43.60。GP-2de chan tang zu cheng wei gan lou tang 、shu li tang 、pu tao tang 、ban ru tang he mu tang ,ma er bi wei 16.65:0.65:55.44:10.55:16.72。GP-3de chan tang zu cheng wei gan lou tang 、shu li tang 、ban ru tang quan suan 、pu tao tang 、ban ru tang he mu tang ,ma er bi wei 2.37:0.88:1.12:78.96:11.45:5.22。san chong zu fen de gong wai guang pu fen xi jie guo xian shi GP-1,GP-2he GP-3jun ju you duo tang de te zheng lian dai ,ji yu shu ju tui duan ,GP-1,GP-2he GP-3jun wei yi bi nan tang wei zhu lian de duo tang 。(4)tong guo chan yin su shi yan de dao ling zhi zi shi ti duo tang cu di fen de pen wu gan zao zui jia gong yi can shu ,ji mai ya hu jing de kuo yi tian jia liang wei 10%,jin feng wen du wei 170℃,kong qi liu liang 700L/h,jin liao liang 10mL/min。(5)jie ge “quan ling zhi ”ling zhi chong diao fen de li nian ,jiang zi shi ti duo tang di qu wu he bao zi fen jin hang fu pei (mei 10gbao zi fen zhong jia ru you 40gzi shi ti zhong di qu de cu di wu ),zhi cheng fu ge chong diao fen 。wei jie jue fu ge chong diao fen de rong jie xing he yang hua xing wen ti ,zai chong diao ji zhong tian jia 1%ru qing dan bai he 0.02%de TBHQ。dui fu ge chong diao fen jin hang li hua te xing de ce ding ,jie guo xian shi chan pin de fu shui xing 、fen san xing 、wen ding xing 、rong jie xing deng li hua te xing jiao hao 。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自山东农业大学的孟楠楠,发表于刊物山东农业大学2019-07-05论文,是一篇关于灵芝论文,多糖论文,提取论文,喷雾干燥论文,复合冲调粉论文,山东农业大学2019-07-05论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自山东农业大学2019-07-05论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。