本文主要研究内容
作者张佳（2019）在《氧化石墨烯对水泥基复合材料结构和性能的影响》一文中研究指出：水泥基复合材料是目前用途最广、用量最大的建筑工程材料,其发展趋势是高性能（高强度、高韧性、高体积稳定性、高抗裂、高抗渗）和高耐久性,但是水泥基复合材料存在的最大问题是结构中存在着裂缝、孔隙及渗漏等问题,影响了水泥基复合材料的强度及耐久性,解决水泥基复合材料的裂缝和渗漏问题一直是该领域研究的热点。水泥基复合材料裂缝及渗漏等问题的根源在于水泥水化产物的形貌及聚集方式的不规整导致了微观和宏观结构的不均匀、不致密,从而产生了大量的裂缝和孔洞等结构缺陷。目前还没有找到消除裂缝及渗漏切实可行的方法,然而水泥的主要成分及其水化产物具有形成晶态结构的内在本质,具有通过调控形成规整晶态结构的可能。因此,通过调控水泥水化产物的形貌及其聚集体的结构,使其形成具有晶体结构特征的规整、致密、无裂缝和渗漏缺陷的微观结构和宏观结构,对于解决水泥基复合材料存在的问题及实现高性能和高耐久性具有重要的意义。氧化石墨烯（GO）是片层状二维纳米材料,其表面和边缘含有大量含氧基团,可掺入水泥基复合材料中,能和水泥发生反应并调控水泥水化产物的形貌和结构。前期研究发现GO具有调控水泥基复合材料形成规整结构及显著提高其强度和耐久性的能力。在本课题组前期研究的基础上,本论文主要研究了GO片层尺寸范围、GO含氧量和GO分散程度对水泥水化产物、微观形貌及宏观性能影响的结果和规律,研究GO控制下水泥基复合材料规整微观结构的形成机理。同时,针对Hummers法制备GO过程中会产生大量含有酸及锰盐等的废水的情况,提出了废水的治理方案,并对治理效果和效益进行了分析。本论文主要研究内容如下:（1）采用Hummers法和超声剥离的方法制备了尺寸分别为5-140 nm、5-260 nm和5-410 nm的GO片层分散液,以GO固体掺量为水泥质量的0.03%,制备了掺有GO尺寸分别为5-140 nm、5-260 nm和5-410 nm的的水泥基复合材料。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、热重分析仪（TG）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FTIR）、抗折抗压强度测定仪及压汞仪等检测并分析研究了GO尺寸范围对水泥水化产物、微观结构和力学性能的影响。SEM检测结果表明片层尺寸为5-140 nm的GO可使水泥水化产物转变成规整的针状晶体,并使微观及宏观结构呈现由针状晶体形成的交织密实的规整形貌;片层尺寸为5-260 nm和5-410 nm的GO可使水化产物形成花状、多面体状晶体,其微观结构和宏观结构是由花状晶体交织形成的规整密实的结构形貌。TG检测结果表明掺入GO尺寸为5-140 nm、5-260nm到5-410 nm的水泥基复合材料样品中C-S-H和CH的规整结构依次增加。XRD检测结果表明GO的尺寸影响CH晶粒尺寸和C-S-H结晶程度,随着掺入GO尺寸从5-140 nm、5-260 nm到5-410 nm,CH晶粒尺寸依次减小,C-S-H结晶程度依次增加。FTIR检测结果表明,随着掺入GO尺寸的增大,水泥基复合材料的微观结构的规整性、密实性依次增加。水泥基复合材料的孔结构、力学性能和耐久性的测试结果表明,掺入GO有利于改善水泥基复合材料中的孔结构,减小孔隙率,有利于提高水泥基复合材料的强度、韧性和耐久性,掺入GO尺寸为5-410 nm的水泥基复合材料相比掺有其它两种GO尺寸范围的水泥基复合材料具有较好的规整结构及强度、韧性、孔结构和耐久性。（2）采用Hummers法,通过改变高锰酸钾（KMnO4）用量制备了尺寸为5-410 nm及含氧量分别为18.50%、22.50%和26.85%的GO,控制GO掺入量为0.03%,分别制备了掺有不同含氧量为18.50%、22.50%和26.85%GO的水泥基复合材料,研究了GO含氧量对水泥水化产物及其聚集态结构、水泥基复合材料的抗压抗折强度及耐久性的影响。结果表明含氧量为18.5%的GO能使复杂的水化产物转变成规整的针状晶体,通过针状晶体的生长及聚集形成了具有规整均匀密实的结构;含氧量为22.50%和26.85%的GO可使水泥水化产物转变成花状、棒状晶体,它们通过生长及聚集形成了规整结构形貌。随着GO含氧量的增加,水泥水化晶体产物增加,水泥基复合材料的规整性、致密性增加。掺有GO的水泥基复合材料具明显的改善了孔结构和孔分布的效果,水泥基复合材料的强度、韧性和耐久性均有明显的增加。掺入片层尺寸为5-410nm,含氧量为26.85%的GO对于水泥基复合材料的孔结构、强度、韧性及耐久性改善及提高的效果最为显著。（3）采用尺寸为5-410 nm及含氧量为26.85%的GO与丙烯酸（AA）和丙烯酰胺（AM）通过自由基聚合制备了插层复合物（GO/P（AA-AM））,获得了少片层小尺寸GO分散液,插层复合物中GO尺寸范围为5-200 nm,主要为单片层和双片层GO分散液,将其用于制备水泥基复合材料,研究GO/P（AA-MA）插层复合物对水泥基复合材料结构和性能的影响。结果表明GO/P（AA-MA）对水泥水化产物及其晶体和微观结构有显著的影响。直接掺入GO分散液的水泥基复合材料,水泥水化产物主要针状和多面体状的水化晶体,这些水化晶体分布不均匀,其聚集体形成的微观结构的规整性及有序性较差,存在着较多的孔隙,说明了GO分散性差,GO在水泥基体中分布不均匀。掺入GO/P（AA-AM）的水泥基复合材料,其水泥水化产物主要为棒状、多面体状水化晶体,水化晶体数量多且分布均匀,其聚集体呈现规整有序的微观形貌,且规整性及有序性较高,说明了GO分散性好,GO在水泥基体中分布均匀。与掺入GO分散液的的水泥基复合材料相比,掺有GO/P（AA-AM）的水泥基复合材料具有高的强度、韧性和耐久性。（4）制备掺有GO/P（AA-AM）的水泥基复合材料,其中GO掺入量为0.03%,研究GO调控水泥微观结构的机理。结果表明:在GO片层控制下,水泥水化产物主要形成了规整的多面体状水化晶体,通过水化晶体的生长及交织、交联的方式形成了具有花状形貌的致密、规整的微观结构和宏观结构。GO纳米片层对水化产物和微观结构起到的模板和调控作用,同时提出GO调控微观结构的机理:（1）GO能够通过其含有的多个活性化学基团,参与并促进水化反应,GO的纳米片层对于水化产物的结构和形貌起到了模板作用,促使水泥水化产物成为规整形状及聚集成为具有规整形貌的密实均匀的微观结构,进而通过规整水泥水化产物的生长形成交织、交联的具有规整致密结构特征的水泥基复合材料。（2）GO的自身强度和韧性较大,与规整结构形成叠加效应,显著提高水泥基复合材料的力学性能和耐久性参数。因此,通过GO调控水泥基复合材料形成规整密实均匀的微观结构达到显著提高其性能的目的。（5）采用物化法对Hummers法制备GO过程中产生的废水进行处理,主要包括废水中硫酸盐、硝酸盐的去除和锰氧化物的回收,对于处理效果和效益进行了分析。结果表明硝酸盐的处理主要通过中和反应池去除,去除率为82.5%。锰盐主要通过中性反应沉淀池中去除,去除率81.5%。硫酸根在碱性反应沉淀池内去除,去除率为81.0%。整个工艺的运行费用为43.5元/吨水,经处理的废水达到三级排放标准。
Abstract
shui ni ji fu ge cai liao shi mu qian yong tu zui an 、yong liang zui da de jian zhu gong cheng cai liao ,ji fa zhan qu shi shi gao xing neng （gao jiang du 、gao ren xing 、gao ti ji wen ding xing 、gao kang lie 、gao kang shen ）he gao nai jiu xing ,dan shi shui ni ji fu ge cai liao cun zai de zui da wen ti shi jie gou zhong cun zai zhao lie feng 、kong xi ji shen lou deng wen ti ,ying xiang le shui ni ji fu ge cai liao de jiang du ji nai jiu xing ,jie jue shui ni ji fu ge cai liao de lie feng he shen lou wen ti yi zhi shi gai ling yu yan jiu de re dian 。shui ni ji fu ge cai liao lie feng ji shen lou deng wen ti de gen yuan zai yu shui ni shui hua chan wu de xing mao ji ju ji fang shi de bu gui zheng dao zhi le wei guan he hong guan jie gou de bu jun yun 、bu zhi mi ,cong er chan sheng le da liang de lie feng he kong dong deng jie gou que xian 。mu qian hai mei you zhao dao xiao chu lie feng ji shen lou qie shi ke hang de fang fa ,ran er shui ni de zhu yao cheng fen ji ji shui hua chan wu ju you xing cheng jing tai jie gou de nei zai ben zhi ,ju you tong guo diao kong xing cheng gui zheng jing tai jie gou de ke neng 。yin ci ,tong guo diao kong shui ni shui hua chan wu de xing mao ji ji ju ji ti de jie gou ,shi ji xing cheng ju you jing ti jie gou te zheng de gui zheng 、zhi mi 、mo lie feng he shen lou que xian de wei guan jie gou he hong guan jie gou ,dui yu jie jue shui ni ji fu ge cai liao cun zai de wen ti ji shi xian gao xing neng he gao nai jiu xing ju you chong yao de yi yi 。yang hua dan mo xi （GO）shi pian ceng zhuang er wei na mi cai liao ,ji biao mian he bian yuan han you da liang han yang ji tuan ,ke can ru shui ni ji fu ge cai liao zhong ,neng he shui ni fa sheng fan ying bing diao kong shui ni shui hua chan wu de xing mao he jie gou 。qian ji yan jiu fa xian GOju you diao kong shui ni ji fu ge cai liao xing cheng gui zheng jie gou ji xian zhe di gao ji jiang du he nai jiu xing de neng li 。zai ben ke ti zu qian ji yan jiu de ji chu shang ,ben lun wen zhu yao yan jiu le GOpian ceng che cun fan wei 、GOhan yang liang he GOfen san cheng du dui shui ni shui hua chan wu 、wei guan xing mao ji hong guan xing neng ying xiang de jie guo he gui lv ,yan jiu GOkong zhi xia shui ni ji fu ge cai liao gui zheng wei guan jie gou de xing cheng ji li 。tong shi ,zhen dui Hummersfa zhi bei GOguo cheng zhong hui chan sheng da liang han you suan ji meng yan deng de fei shui de qing kuang ,di chu le fei shui de zhi li fang an ,bing dui zhi li xiao guo he xiao yi jin hang le fen xi 。ben lun wen zhu yao yan jiu nei rong ru xia :（1）cai yong Hummersfa he chao sheng bao li de fang fa zhi bei le che cun fen bie wei 5-140 nm、5-260 nmhe 5-410 nmde GOpian ceng fen san ye ,yi GOgu ti can liang wei shui ni zhi liang de 0.03%,zhi bei le can you GOche cun fen bie wei 5-140 nm、5-260 nmhe 5-410 nmde de shui ni ji fu ge cai liao 。tong guo sao miao dian zi xian wei jing （SEM）、re chong fen xi yi （TG）、Xshe xian yan she yi （XRD）、fu li xie bian huan gong wai guang pu yi （FTIR）、kang she kang ya jiang du ce ding yi ji ya gong yi deng jian ce bing fen xi yan jiu le GOche cun fan wei dui shui ni shui hua chan wu 、wei guan jie gou he li xue xing neng de ying xiang 。SEMjian ce jie guo biao ming pian ceng che cun wei 5-140 nmde GOke shi shui ni shui hua chan wu zhuai bian cheng gui zheng de zhen zhuang jing ti ,bing shi wei guan ji hong guan jie gou cheng xian you zhen zhuang jing ti xing cheng de jiao zhi mi shi de gui zheng xing mao ;pian ceng che cun wei 5-260 nmhe 5-410 nmde GOke shi shui hua chan wu xing cheng hua zhuang 、duo mian ti zhuang jing ti ,ji wei guan jie gou he hong guan jie gou shi you hua zhuang jing ti jiao zhi xing cheng de gui zheng mi shi de jie gou xing mao 。TGjian ce jie guo biao ming can ru GOche cun wei 5-140 nm、5-260nmdao 5-410 nmde shui ni ji fu ge cai liao yang pin zhong C-S-Hhe CHde gui zheng jie gou yi ci zeng jia 。XRDjian ce jie guo biao ming GOde che cun ying xiang CHjing li che cun he C-S-Hjie jing cheng du ,sui zhao can ru GOche cun cong 5-140 nm、5-260 nmdao 5-410 nm,CHjing li che cun yi ci jian xiao ,C-S-Hjie jing cheng du yi ci zeng jia 。FTIRjian ce jie guo biao ming ,sui zhao can ru GOche cun de zeng da ,shui ni ji fu ge cai liao de wei guan jie gou de gui zheng xing 、mi shi xing yi ci zeng jia 。shui ni ji fu ge cai liao de kong jie gou 、li xue xing neng he nai jiu xing de ce shi jie guo biao ming ,can ru GOyou li yu gai shan shui ni ji fu ge cai liao zhong de kong jie gou ,jian xiao kong xi lv ,you li yu di gao shui ni ji fu ge cai liao de jiang du 、ren xing he nai jiu xing ,can ru GOche cun wei 5-410 nmde shui ni ji fu ge cai liao xiang bi can you ji ta liang chong GOche cun fan wei de shui ni ji fu ge cai liao ju you jiao hao de gui zheng jie gou ji jiang du 、ren xing 、kong jie gou he nai jiu xing 。（2）cai yong Hummersfa ,tong guo gai bian gao meng suan jia （KMnO4）yong liang zhi bei le che cun wei 5-410 nmji han yang liang fen bie wei 18.50%、22.50%he 26.85%de GO,kong zhi GOcan ru liang wei 0.03%,fen bie zhi bei le can you bu tong han yang liang wei 18.50%、22.50%he 26.85%GOde shui ni ji fu ge cai liao ,yan jiu le GOhan yang liang dui shui ni shui hua chan wu ji ji ju ji tai jie gou 、shui ni ji fu ge cai liao de kang ya kang she jiang du ji nai jiu xing de ying xiang 。jie guo biao ming han yang liang wei 18.5%de GOneng shi fu za de shui hua chan wu zhuai bian cheng gui zheng de zhen zhuang jing ti ,tong guo zhen zhuang jing ti de sheng chang ji ju ji xing cheng le ju you gui zheng jun yun mi shi de jie gou ;han yang liang wei 22.50%he 26.85%de GOke shi shui ni shui hua chan wu zhuai bian cheng hua zhuang 、bang zhuang jing ti ,ta men tong guo sheng chang ji ju ji xing cheng le gui zheng jie gou xing mao 。sui zhao GOhan yang liang de zeng jia ,shui ni shui hua jing ti chan wu zeng jia ,shui ni ji fu ge cai liao de gui zheng xing 、zhi mi xing zeng jia 。can you GOde shui ni ji fu ge cai liao ju ming xian de gai shan le kong jie gou he kong fen bu de xiao guo ,shui ni ji fu ge cai liao de jiang du 、ren xing he nai jiu xing jun you ming xian de zeng jia 。can ru pian ceng che cun wei 5-410nm,han yang liang wei 26.85%de GOdui yu shui ni ji fu ge cai liao de kong jie gou 、jiang du 、ren xing ji nai jiu xing gai shan ji di gao de xiao guo zui wei xian zhe 。（3）cai yong che cun wei 5-410 nmji han yang liang wei 26.85%de GOyu bing xi suan （AA）he bing xi xian an （AM）tong guo zi you ji ju ge zhi bei le cha ceng fu ge wu （GO/P（AA-AM））,huo de le shao pian ceng xiao che cun GOfen san ye ,cha ceng fu ge wu zhong GOche cun fan wei wei 5-200 nm,zhu yao wei chan pian ceng he shuang pian ceng GOfen san ye ,jiang ji yong yu zhi bei shui ni ji fu ge cai liao ,yan jiu GO/P（AA-MA）cha ceng fu ge wu dui shui ni ji fu ge cai liao jie gou he xing neng de ying xiang 。jie guo biao ming GO/P（AA-MA）dui shui ni shui hua chan wu ji ji jing ti he wei guan jie gou you xian zhe de ying xiang 。zhi jie can ru GOfen san ye de shui ni ji fu ge cai liao ,shui ni shui hua chan wu zhu yao zhen zhuang he duo mian ti zhuang de shui hua jing ti ,zhe xie shui hua jing ti fen bu bu jun yun ,ji ju ji ti xing cheng de wei guan jie gou de gui zheng xing ji you xu xing jiao cha ,cun zai zhao jiao duo de kong xi ,shui ming le GOfen san xing cha ,GOzai shui ni ji ti zhong fen bu bu jun yun 。can ru GO/P（AA-AM）de shui ni ji fu ge cai liao ,ji shui ni shui hua chan wu zhu yao wei bang zhuang 、duo mian ti zhuang shui hua jing ti ,shui hua jing ti shu liang duo ju fen bu jun yun ,ji ju ji ti cheng xian gui zheng you xu de wei guan xing mao ,ju gui zheng xing ji you xu xing jiao gao ,shui ming le GOfen san xing hao ,GOzai shui ni ji ti zhong fen bu jun yun 。yu can ru GOfen san ye de de shui ni ji fu ge cai liao xiang bi ,can you GO/P（AA-AM）de shui ni ji fu ge cai liao ju you gao de jiang du 、ren xing he nai jiu xing 。（4）zhi bei can you GO/P（AA-AM）de shui ni ji fu ge cai liao ,ji zhong GOcan ru liang wei 0.03%,yan jiu GOdiao kong shui ni wei guan jie gou de ji li 。jie guo biao ming :zai GOpian ceng kong zhi xia ,shui ni shui hua chan wu zhu yao xing cheng le gui zheng de duo mian ti zhuang shui hua jing ti ,tong guo shui hua jing ti de sheng chang ji jiao zhi 、jiao lian de fang shi xing cheng le ju you hua zhuang xing mao de zhi mi 、gui zheng de wei guan jie gou he hong guan jie gou 。GOna mi pian ceng dui shui hua chan wu he wei guan jie gou qi dao de mo ban he diao kong zuo yong ,tong shi di chu GOdiao kong wei guan jie gou de ji li :（1）GOneng gou tong guo ji han you de duo ge huo xing hua xue ji tuan ,can yu bing cu jin shui hua fan ying ,GOde na mi pian ceng dui yu shui hua chan wu de jie gou he xing mao qi dao le mo ban zuo yong ,cu shi shui ni shui hua chan wu cheng wei gui zheng xing zhuang ji ju ji cheng wei ju you gui zheng xing mao de mi shi jun yun de wei guan jie gou ,jin er tong guo gui zheng shui ni shui hua chan wu de sheng chang xing cheng jiao zhi 、jiao lian de ju you gui zheng zhi mi jie gou te zheng de shui ni ji fu ge cai liao 。（2）GOde zi shen jiang du he ren xing jiao da ,yu gui zheng jie gou xing cheng die jia xiao ying ,xian zhe di gao shui ni ji fu ge cai liao de li xue xing neng he nai jiu xing can shu 。yin ci ,tong guo GOdiao kong shui ni ji fu ge cai liao xing cheng gui zheng mi shi jun yun de wei guan jie gou da dao xian zhe di gao ji xing neng de mu de 。（5）cai yong wu hua fa dui Hummersfa zhi bei GOguo cheng zhong chan sheng de fei shui jin hang chu li ,zhu yao bao gua fei shui zhong liu suan yan 、xiao suan yan de qu chu he meng yang hua wu de hui shou ,dui yu chu li xiao guo he xiao yi jin hang le fen xi 。jie guo biao ming xiao suan yan de chu li zhu yao tong guo zhong he fan ying chi qu chu ,qu chu lv wei 82.5%。meng yan zhu yao tong guo zhong xing fan ying chen dian chi zhong qu chu ,qu chu lv 81.5%。liu suan gen zai jian xing fan ying chen dian chi nei qu chu ,qu chu lv wei 81.0%。zheng ge gong yi de yun hang fei yong wei 43.5yuan /dun shui ,jing chu li de fei shui da dao san ji pai fang biao zhun 。
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论文作者分别是来自陕西科技大学的张佳，发表于刊物陕西科技大学2019-07-15论文，是一篇关于氧化石墨烯论文,水泥基复合材料论文,水泥水化产物论文,微观结构论文,废水处理论文,陕西科技大学2019-07-15论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自陕西科技大学2019-07-15论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：氧化石墨烯论文; 水泥基复合材料论文; 水泥水化产物论文; 微观结构论文; 废水处理论文; 陕西科技大学2019-07-15论文;