中美恭维语及其应答对比研究

论文摘要

恭维语及其应答是一种特殊的言语行为,在中美两国语言中都蕴含着丰富的恭维语。鉴于恭维语在日常生活中的频繁运用和融洽人们社会关系的重要功能,本文通过总结国内外对中美恭维语及其应答的研究成果,结合日常生活中出现的恭维现象,以言语行为理论和礼貌原则为指导,从恭维语的话题、社会功能、语义、句法以及恭维答语等各个方面对中美恭维语进行比较,寻找在不同文化背景中如何恰当地给予和接受恭维语的有效途径,并分析其内在的文化因素,揭示在语言使用背后隐藏的不同的文化价值观。通过对恭维语话题选择、社会功能、语义和句法模式以及恭维应答方略的比较分析结果表明,中美恭维言语行为在这些方面都呈现相似之处,但中美恭维语在每个方面都有各自不同的侧重点。恭维语的众多功能中,除了表示欣赏,主要用于协调交际中双方关系的一致性。美国恭维语的话题以容貌和所有物为主,而中文恭维语的话题主要集中在成就和能力方面。美国恭维语在语义和句法上趋于程式化,而中文恭维语中存在大量的隐性恭维。美国恭维语的应答方略以接受和回报恭维为主,而中文恭维语在应答方略上主要采取转移话题和反问等间接方式。中美恭维言语行为之间的具体差异充分反映了中美文化领域的差异。分析在恭维语实现过程中由于文化差异可能造成的误解及原因,这对于从事外语教学和跨文化交流都具有重要意义,将有助于人们有效地提高跨文化交际的能力。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• Introduction
• Chapter One General Understanding of Compliment and Compliment Response and Theoretical Framework
• 1.1 General Understanding of Compliment and Compliment Response
• 1.1.1 Brief Introduction of Compliment
• 1.1.2 General Understanding of Compliment Response
• 1.2 Overview of Compliment from the Theoretical Perspective
• 1.2.1 Speech Act Theory
• 1.2.2 Politeness Principle
• 1.3 Research Method and Purpose
• Chapter Two Comparison of Compliment in American English and Chinese
• 2.1 Different Preference for Compliment Topic
• 2.1.1 Topic on Appearance
• 2.1.2 Topic on Ability
• 2.1.3 Topic on Possession
• 2.2 Comparison of Compliment Function
• 2.3 Different Preference for Paying Compliment
• 2.4 Contrastive Study on Compliment in Linguistic Forms
• 2.4.1 Different Semantic Patterns
• 2.4.2 Different Syntactic Patterns
• Chapter Three Comparison of Compliment Response in American English and Chinese
• 3.1 The Compliment Response in American English
• 3.1.1 Herbert’s Classification of American Compliment Response
• 3.1.2 Frequency and Distribution of American Compliment Response
• 3.2 The Compliment Response in Chinese
• 3.2.1 Chen’s Classification of Chinese Compliment Response
• 3.2.2 Frequency and Distribution of Chinese Compliment Response
• 3.3 Summary
• Chapter Four Culture Influence on Compliment and Compliment Response in American English and Chinese
• 4.1 Collectivism vs. Individualism
• 4.2 Hierarchy vs. Equality
• 4.3 Modesty vs. Self-assertiveness
• Conclusion
• Bibliography
• Acknowledgements
• 研究生在校期间的科研成果