论交传中的干扰因素对交传的影响

论文摘要

本文旨在浅层地讨论干扰因素对交传译员的影响以及怎样尽可能地避免它们,并希望引起口译员对这类非语言和语言干扰因素的重视。本文前半部分阐明交替口译的特点,并分类,指出很多影响因素会分别出现在会议口译与谈判中。在这一过程中,译员面临的不仅是语言问题,非语言因素也在很大程度上影响效果。这些现象分散译员的思想,消耗他的精力,进而使他不能顺利、流畅、准确地完成一篇译文,影响了信息在说话人同听众之间的传递。在论文的前半部分,本人总结了诸多因素,证明口译人员在传译过程中,有时会遇到一些尴尬的局面,除了语言技能方面的问题外,译员受到个人因素如前期准备不足,本身的心理压力,会场设备与环境,非言语交际等的影响;也受到发言人口音以及译员本身跨文化意识不够,缺乏对中西方文化差异的了解所造成的。之后分析了中西方文化差异所造成的语言失误,介绍了口译语义表达的文化差异、影响语用的文化因素及口译中文化差异造成的词汇“空缺”,以引起口译工作者的重视。然后,本论文在后半部分对如何加强译员的跨文化意识以及对现阶段的口译教学及其问题也做了一定的探讨,进而希望交传译员能够首先改善自身对外国文化的了解,增强心理压力,办学单位能有针对性地培训译员,提出在口译教学中根据此问题应注意的事项,也能提醒活动主办方改善口译外界条件,让译员在紧迫的时间压力下完成从语言感知、理解、转换到译出的复杂的语言信息处理过程。如果注意到此类问题,那译员能更方便地在无法借助任何帮助的情况下快速、精确、流畅地把原语讲话人的信息传递出去,达到速度与效果的统一。

论文目录

• Acknowledgements
• Abstract
• 中文摘要
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• 1.1 The Definition of Interpretation
• 1.2 The Classification of Consecutive Interpretation
• Chapter 2 Process of Consecutive Interpretation
• 2.1 Receiving the Information
• 2.2 Second Step: From a SL speech to a TL One
• 2.3 Third Step: Output the Speech
• Chapter 3 Non-language Constraint
• 3.1 General Description of Language Barrier in the Spoken English
• 3.2 Classification of Non-language Constraints for Meetings
• 3.2.1 Personal Constraints
• 3.2.2 Pre-interpretation Preparation
• 3.3 External Hindrance
• 3.3.1 Sound
• 3.3.2 Testing
• 3.3.3 Appearance—Postures, Gestures & Facial Expressions
• 3.3.4 Intonation & Vocally Produced Noises
• 3.3.5 Pause
• 3.3.6 Distance & Space
• 3.3.7 Being Late
• 3.4 The Psychology of the Audience and the Ways to Adapt to Them
• 3.4.1 Psychology of the Audience
• 3.4.2 Situational Audience Psychology Analysis
• 3.4.3 Disposition toward the Topic and the Speaker
• Chapter 4 Language Constraint: Cross-Cultural Awareness
• 4.1 Definition of Cross-Cultural Awareness
• 4.2 Functions of Cross-Cultural Awareness in Interpretation
• 4.2.1 Detection of the Cultural-specific Words and Phrases
• 4.2.2 Understanding of the Cultural-relative Words properly
• 4.2.3 From One Cultural Mode to Another
• 4.3 Differences between Chinese culture and American Culture
• 4.4 Summary
• Chapter 5 Strengthening Cross-Cultural Awareness
• 5.1 Setting up “Comparative Studies on Cultures”Course
• Chapter 6 Some Ideas on Interpretation Teaching
• 6.1 Definition of Interpretation Teaching
• 6.2 Problems In Present Interpretation Training
• Chapter 7 Conclusion
• Bibliography