论文摘要
冠醚是一类人工合成的大环多醚类化合物,冠状化合物的分子设计、合成,尤其是对金属离子的选择性键合一直是超分子化学、主客体化学领域的研究热点之一;荧光分子探针检测法是一种方法简便,灵敏度高、选择性好、响应时间短的检测方法,冠醚对金属离子良好的络合性能使冠醚荧光探针优点日趋显现,在医学,环境监测等领域的应用越来越广泛。本论文主要合成了一些新型功能化冠醚分子,并通过紫外和荧光性能研究,筛选出对某种离子具有高选择性的受体分子,主要分为以下几个部分。第一部分主要探讨了芳酰基硫脲冠醚的合成方法并进一步研究了其光学性质,发现合成的这类受体既可识别铜、钴及铁等阳离子,又可识别氟离子及醋酸根离子,在阴离子识别中,取代基的电子效应对识别作用也产生了一定的影响。第二部分合成了一种基于双苯并24-冠-8的新型荧光离子载体,其中苯并噻唑为荧光团,该受体(顺式-二苯并噻唑二苯并24-冠-8)与碱金属离子的络合,导致了分子内电荷转移,引起了紫外-可见吸收光谱和荧光光谱的改变,其中对铯离子的识别效果是最显著的。用三氟乙酸质子化,可引起紫外-可见吸收光谱的红移以及433 nm处荧光强度的显著增强。第三部分通过酰基化反应及迈克尔加成反应,成功地构建了一系列具有氨基蒽醌、氨基芘等荧光团的单臂式及双臂式套索冠醚,上述反应条件温和、操作简单。合成的套索冠醚对银、铜、铁离子都有很好的识别效果,其中含芘荧光团的套索冠醚对铅离子也有很好的识别效果。
论文目录
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