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作者罗永丹（2019）在《鲜湿方便米粉的关键生产工艺及其对米粉品质影响的机理研究》一文中研究指出：鲜湿方便米粉是以大米为原料,经发酵(或不发酵)、磨浆(粉碎)、糊化、老化、灭菌等工序生产加工而成的,经沸水浸泡5～10min即可食用的米制品。其水分含量在30～40%之间,保质期可达3个月。在鲜湿方便米粉的生产过程中,米粉品质(弹性、韧性)的保持和保质期的延长是如今亟待解决的两个问题。本文在课题组的前期研究基础上,选择桂朝大米作为原料,以物料含水量70%、100℃/10min作为起始糊化条件,首先探讨了原料发酵工艺与鲜湿方便米粉弹韧性之间的关系,然后研究了鲜湿方便米粉老化工艺对米粉凝胶品质的影响,接着采用不同的杀菌方式延长鲜湿方便米粉的保质期,并在杀菌后对米粉前期的生产工艺进行了优化和在调整,最终确定了鲜湿方便米粉的工艺条件。同时对生产工艺影响鲜湿方便米粉品质的机理进行了研究,找出了鲜湿方便米粉品质与淀粉分子结构和结晶度间的关系,确定了影响鲜湿方便米粉品质的影响因素。具体结果如下:(1)以鲜湿方便米粉的理化性质、质构品质和感官评分作为测定指标,对原料大米的自然发酵工艺、鲜湿方便米粉的老化工艺和杀菌工艺进行了研究,结果发现:当大米的酸度值0.532°T(37℃/20h),鲜湿方便米粉的老化度在6.74～7.13,生产出的鲜湿方便米粉品质较优:其弹性增加至1.3倍,断条率降低至8.4±1.0,感官评分值达到87.0±1.4。热力90℃/30min和微波600W/60s杀菌处理后,鲜湿方便米粉的杀菌率均可达到85.0%以上,但杀菌后鲜湿方便米粉的理化和质构品质均显著下降。(2)杀菌处理后鲜湿方便米粉断条率和混汤吸光值分别增加1.1倍、0.8倍左右,经分析后发现是由于水分含量太高(51.41%),杀菌过程中鲜湿方便米粉发生了再次糊化,因此对鲜湿方便米粉的前期工艺进行了再调整,确定了最终工艺条件:桂朝大米粉碎过30目筛(0.600mm)→密封自然发酵(酸度值0.532°T)→烘干(40℃/7h)→粉碎过筛120目(0.125mm)→按比例调湿(水分含量50%)→糊化(糊化度85.4%)→挤丝→老化(老化度6.74～7.13)→密封包装→杀菌(90℃/30min)→成品。生产工艺对米粉品质影响的机理:(1)用自然发酵法、普鲁兰酶降解支链淀粉和β淀粉酶随机降解淀粉的方法,比较了分子结构和结晶度对米粉品质的影响。结果显示:自然发酵过程中,Ⅰ区的大分子支链淀粉先脱支(前12h),然后支链淀粉的长链发生断链(16h)。经相关性分析发现,淀粉的DE值、Ⅱ区数均分子量、聚合度、结晶度与鲜湿方便米粉的品质有显著相关性。当淀粉的DE值达到2.88%,Ⅱ区淀粉的数均分子量和聚合度分别增加至9.1×104g/mol、7.0X 103g/mol,结晶度达到30.30%时,制作出的鲜湿方便米粉品质较好,感官评分高达86.2。(2)探讨了水分分布状态、表面微观形态、淀粉分子结构和结晶度与鲜湿方便米粉老化品质之间的关系,结果发现:鲜湿方便米粉的老化品质与水分保留时间T22、淀粉结晶度显著相关,与淀粉分子量分布相关性不大。当鲜湿方便米粉的老化程度达到6.96时,鲜湿方便米粉的结晶度增加至30.81%,水分保留时间T22减小至9.83ms,此时米粉凝胶网络结构表面光滑致密,鲜湿方便米粉的断条率降低至8.4%,弹性、咀嚼性分别增加至0.88mm、37.52 mj。(3)讨论了热力和微波杀菌与鲜湿方便米粉品质之间的关系,发现热力和微波杀菌可使Ⅰ 区的大分子淀粉发生断链,Ⅱ区淀粉的聚合度增加(21.3%、40.1%)。热力和微波杀菌后,鲜湿方便米粉表面变毛躁,米粉结晶度降低(7.37%、9.83%),断条率增加(1.1倍、1.2倍)。
Abstract
xian shi fang bian mi fen shi yi da mi wei yuan liao ,jing fa jiao (huo bu fa jiao )、mo jiang (fen sui )、hu hua 、lao hua 、mie jun deng gong xu sheng chan jia gong er cheng de ,jing fei shui jin pao 5～10minji ke shi yong de mi zhi pin 。ji shui fen han liang zai 30～40%zhi jian ,bao zhi ji ke da 3ge yue 。zai xian shi fang bian mi fen de sheng chan guo cheng zhong ,mi fen pin zhi (dan xing 、ren xing )de bao chi he bao zhi ji de yan chang shi ru jin ji dai jie jue de liang ge wen ti 。ben wen zai ke ti zu de qian ji yan jiu ji chu shang ,shua ze gui chao da mi zuo wei yuan liao ,yi wu liao han shui liang 70%、100℃/10minzuo wei qi shi hu hua tiao jian ,shou xian tan tao le yuan liao fa jiao gong yi yu xian shi fang bian mi fen dan ren xing zhi jian de guan ji ,ran hou yan jiu le xian shi fang bian mi fen lao hua gong yi dui mi fen ning jiao pin zhi de ying xiang ,jie zhao cai yong bu tong de sha jun fang shi yan chang xian shi fang bian mi fen de bao zhi ji ,bing zai sha jun hou dui mi fen qian ji de sheng chan gong yi jin hang le you hua he zai diao zheng ,zui zhong que ding le xian shi fang bian mi fen de gong yi tiao jian 。tong shi dui sheng chan gong yi ying xiang xian shi fang bian mi fen pin zhi de ji li jin hang le yan jiu ,zhao chu le xian shi fang bian mi fen pin zhi yu dian fen fen zi jie gou he jie jing du jian de guan ji ,que ding le ying xiang xian shi fang bian mi fen pin zhi de ying xiang yin su 。ju ti jie guo ru xia :(1)yi xian shi fang bian mi fen de li hua xing zhi 、zhi gou pin zhi he gan guan ping fen zuo wei ce ding zhi biao ,dui yuan liao da mi de zi ran fa jiao gong yi 、xian shi fang bian mi fen de lao hua gong yi he sha jun gong yi jin hang le yan jiu ,jie guo fa xian :dang da mi de suan du zhi 0.532°T(37℃/20h),xian shi fang bian mi fen de lao hua du zai 6.74～7.13,sheng chan chu de xian shi fang bian mi fen pin zhi jiao you :ji dan xing zeng jia zhi 1.3bei ,duan tiao lv jiang di zhi 8.4±1.0,gan guan ping fen zhi da dao 87.0±1.4。re li 90℃/30minhe wei bo 600W/60ssha jun chu li hou ,xian shi fang bian mi fen de sha jun lv jun ke da dao 85.0%yi shang ,dan sha jun hou xian shi fang bian mi fen de li hua he zhi gou pin zhi jun xian zhe xia jiang 。(2)sha jun chu li hou xian shi fang bian mi fen duan tiao lv he hun shang xi guang zhi fen bie zeng jia 1.1bei 、0.8bei zuo you ,jing fen xi hou fa xian shi you yu shui fen han liang tai gao (51.41%),sha jun guo cheng zhong xian shi fang bian mi fen fa sheng le zai ci hu hua ,yin ci dui xian shi fang bian mi fen de qian ji gong yi jin hang le zai diao zheng ,que ding le zui zhong gong yi tiao jian :gui chao da mi fen sui guo 30mu shai (0.600mm)→mi feng zi ran fa jiao (suan du zhi 0.532°T)→hong gan (40℃/7h)→fen sui guo shai 120mu (0.125mm)→an bi li diao shi (shui fen han liang 50%)→hu hua (hu hua du 85.4%)→ji si →lao hua (lao hua du 6.74～7.13)→mi feng bao zhuang →sha jun (90℃/30min)→cheng pin 。sheng chan gong yi dui mi fen pin zhi ying xiang de ji li :(1)yong zi ran fa jiao fa 、pu lu lan mei jiang jie zhi lian dian fen he βdian fen mei sui ji jiang jie dian fen de fang fa ,bi jiao le fen zi jie gou he jie jing du dui mi fen pin zhi de ying xiang 。jie guo xian shi :zi ran fa jiao guo cheng zhong ,Ⅰou de da fen zi zhi lian dian fen xian tuo zhi (qian 12h),ran hou zhi lian dian fen de chang lian fa sheng duan lian (16h)。jing xiang guan xing fen xi fa xian ,dian fen de DEzhi 、Ⅱou shu jun fen zi liang 、ju ge du 、jie jing du yu xian shi fang bian mi fen de pin zhi you xian zhe xiang guan xing 。dang dian fen de DEzhi da dao 2.88%,Ⅱou dian fen de shu jun fen zi liang he ju ge du fen bie zeng jia zhi 9.1×104g/mol、7.0X 103g/mol,jie jing du da dao 30.30%shi ,zhi zuo chu de xian shi fang bian mi fen pin zhi jiao hao ,gan guan ping fen gao da 86.2。(2)tan tao le shui fen fen bu zhuang tai 、biao mian wei guan xing tai 、dian fen fen zi jie gou he jie jing du yu xian shi fang bian mi fen lao hua pin zhi zhi jian de guan ji ,jie guo fa xian :xian shi fang bian mi fen de lao hua pin zhi yu shui fen bao liu shi jian T22、dian fen jie jing du xian zhe xiang guan ,yu dian fen fen zi liang fen bu xiang guan xing bu da 。dang xian shi fang bian mi fen de lao hua cheng du da dao 6.96shi ,xian shi fang bian mi fen de jie jing du zeng jia zhi 30.81%,shui fen bao liu shi jian T22jian xiao zhi 9.83ms,ci shi mi fen ning jiao wang lao jie gou biao mian guang hua zhi mi ,xian shi fang bian mi fen de duan tiao lv jiang di zhi 8.4%,dan xing 、ju jiao xing fen bie zeng jia zhi 0.88mm、37.52 mj。(3)tao lun le re li he wei bo sha jun yu xian shi fang bian mi fen pin zhi zhi jian de guan ji ,fa xian re li he wei bo sha jun ke shi Ⅰ ou de da fen zi dian fen fa sheng duan lian ,Ⅱou dian fen de ju ge du zeng jia (21.3%、40.1%)。re li he wei bo sha jun hou ,xian shi fang bian mi fen biao mian bian mao zao ,mi fen jie jing du jiang di (7.37%、9.83%),duan tiao lv zeng jia (1.1bei 、1.2bei )。
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论文作者分别是来自广西大学的罗永丹，发表于刊物广西大学2019-10-14论文，是一篇关于鲜湿方便米粉论文,关键生产工序论文,品质论文,分子结构论文,结晶度论文,广西大学2019-10-14论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自广西大学2019-10-14论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：鲜湿方便米粉论文; 关键生产工序论文; 品质论文; 分子结构论文; 结晶度论文; 广西大学2019-10-14论文;