本文主要研究内容
作者郭晓东（2019）在《陶瓷化耐火硅橡胶材料的制备及其阻燃机理研究》一文中研究指出：硅橡胶（SR）是一种环保型高分子材料,完全燃烧生成SiO2和CO2,无有毒物质产生,不会对环境造成污染,在医学、材料、涂料等方面应用广泛。特别是硅橡胶本身优异的热稳定性,配合成瓷填料、助熔剂等可实现硅橡胶复合材料的陶瓷化。作为一种新型的复合防火材料,陶瓷化硅橡胶在防火电缆领域具有广阔的市场前景。硅橡胶陶瓷化机制主要为高温燃烧时Si-O键会转变成连续、绝缘的网络状SiO2,助熔剂融化形成流动性液体填充在成瓷填料与SiO2之间,起到连接性“桥梁”的作用,冷却后形成陶瓷结构,进而有效保护金属基材。如何降低硅橡胶防火复合材料的陶瓷化温度,提高陶瓷化转化率和陶瓷化强度,是陶瓷化硅橡胶材料研究中亟待解决的重要问题。本文合成了热稳定性好、阻燃性能优良的聚磷腈微球（PZS）并以此为载体,成功将铂负载于聚磷腈微球的表面（Pt/PZS）,并将其与成瓷填料共用,探索催化成炭剂的有效负载、陶瓷化耐火硅橡胶材料的阻燃耐火机制及催化机理,力求提高硅橡胶复合材料的耐火性能与陶瓷化性能。具体研究内容如下:首先采用六氯环三磷腈（HCCP）和4,4-二羟基二苯砜（BPS）为反应单体,合成了一种不熔不溶且具有高度交联结构的聚磷腈微球（PZS）,并以PZS微球为载体成功将纳米金属铂粒子（Pt）负载在其表面。通过红外（FTIR）测试、X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）和透射电镜（TEM）以及热重分析（TG）探究了Pt粒子晶型结构以及阻燃剂的微观形貌和热稳定性能。分析结果表明:金属Pt粒子均匀负载在PZS表面,粒子大小约为6 nm。Pt/PZS微球热稳定性好,初始分解温度421.7℃,且残留率（800℃）可达56.0%,Pt/PZS微球成炭性能优良。进而将合成的Pt/PZS微球与成瓷填料共用,对硅橡胶进行耐火阻燃改性。通过热重分析探究了复合材料的热稳定性;锥形量热分析（CONE）研究了硅橡胶复合材料的燃烧性能;在400-1000℃温度区间内对硅橡胶复合材料进行了烧蚀性能测试;应用扫描电镜对烧蚀后的复合材料进行了微观形貌分析;X射线衍射分析表征了硅橡胶复合材料烧蚀过程中的晶型变化;并对硅橡胶电缆进行了真实火焰烧蚀测试。TG结果表明:加入0.01份（质量分数）Pt/PZS微球的耐火硅橡胶复合材料（Pt/F-SR）在800℃下的残留率可达54.8%,较普通硅橡胶复合材料（F-SR）的残留率49.6%提高10.5%,说明极微量Pt/PZS微球的加入可以提高复合材料的残留率。CONE数据显示:极微量Pt/PZS微球的加入可使热释放速率峰值（pHRR）降低23.4%,总烟释放量（TSP）下降9.9%,mEHC下降5.9%。不同烧蚀温度下的Pt/F-SR材料可以保持其完整形貌,且经400℃烧蚀后,具有一定的力学性能,与F-SR相比,Pt/PZS的加入能显著降低硅橡胶的陶瓷化温度,增强陶瓷化强度。在整个温度区间内,Pt/F-SR材料的弯曲强度从0.11 MPa增大到5.62 MPa,增大约50倍。通过微观形貌分析发现,相同温度下Pt/F-SR材料内部填料之间结合更加紧密,这可能是因为Pt/PZS微球的存在对硅橡胶复合材料陶瓷化具有促进作用。XRD分析也表明Pt/PZS的存在促进硅橡胶复合材料形成了新晶相:CaSi2O5和Quartz（硅石）。硅橡胶电缆火焰燃烧实验表明:加入微量Pt/PZS微球的硅橡胶电缆经过1 h的烧蚀,电缆形貌保持完整,表面裂纹较少,且电缆内部金属芯无氧化变黑现象出现。这说明耐火硅橡胶电缆具有良好的耐火性和隔热性。耐水性能测试表明:Pt/F-SR电缆在冷水中经过上下震动,所形成的陶瓷结构没有从金属芯上脱落且金属芯没有被水浸湿。综上,微量Pt/PZS阻燃剂对硅橡胶的陶瓷化性能和耐火性能以及耐水性能具有优良的促进作用。本论文对陶瓷化耐火硅橡胶阻燃体系的研究将为陶瓷化高分子复合材料的相关研发及工业化过程提供理论支持与研究思路。
Abstract
gui xiang jiao （SR）shi yi chong huan bao xing gao fen zi cai liao ,wan quan ran shao sheng cheng SiO2he CO2,mo you du wu zhi chan sheng ,bu hui dui huan jing zao cheng wu ran ,zai yi xue 、cai liao 、tu liao deng fang mian ying yong an fan 。te bie shi gui xiang jiao ben shen you yi de re wen ding xing ,pei ge cheng ci tian liao 、zhu rong ji deng ke shi xian gui xiang jiao fu ge cai liao de tao ci hua 。zuo wei yi chong xin xing de fu ge fang huo cai liao ,tao ci hua gui xiang jiao zai fang huo dian lan ling yu ju you an kuo de shi chang qian jing 。gui xiang jiao tao ci hua ji zhi zhu yao wei gao wen ran shao shi Si-Ojian hui zhuai bian cheng lian xu 、jue yuan de wang lao zhuang SiO2,zhu rong ji rong hua xing cheng liu dong xing ye ti tian chong zai cheng ci tian liao yu SiO2zhi jian ,qi dao lian jie xing “qiao liang ”de zuo yong ,leng que hou xing cheng tao ci jie gou ,jin er you xiao bao hu jin shu ji cai 。ru he jiang di gui xiang jiao fang huo fu ge cai liao de tao ci hua wen du ,di gao tao ci hua zhuai hua lv he tao ci hua jiang du ,shi tao ci hua gui xiang jiao cai liao yan jiu zhong ji dai jie jue de chong yao wen ti 。ben wen ge cheng le re wen ding xing hao 、zu ran xing neng you liang de ju lin jing wei qiu （PZS）bing yi ci wei zai ti ,cheng gong jiang bo fu zai yu ju lin jing wei qiu de biao mian （Pt/PZS）,bing jiang ji yu cheng ci tian liao gong yong ,tan suo cui hua cheng tan ji de you xiao fu zai 、tao ci hua nai huo gui xiang jiao cai liao de zu ran nai huo ji zhi ji cui hua ji li ,li qiu di gao gui xiang jiao fu ge cai liao de nai huo xing neng yu tao ci hua xing neng 。ju ti yan jiu nei rong ru xia :shou xian cai yong liu lv huan san lin jing （HCCP）he 4,4-er qiang ji er ben feng （BPS）wei fan ying chan ti ,ge cheng le yi chong bu rong bu rong ju ju you gao du jiao lian jie gou de ju lin jing wei qiu （PZS）,bing yi PZSwei qiu wei zai ti cheng gong jiang na mi jin shu bo li zi （Pt）fu zai zai ji biao mian 。tong guo gong wai （FTIR）ce shi 、Xshe xian yan she （XRD）、sao miao dian jing （SEM）he tou she dian jing （TEM）yi ji re chong fen xi （TG）tan jiu le Ptli zi jing xing jie gou yi ji zu ran ji de wei guan xing mao he re wen ding xing neng 。fen xi jie guo biao ming :jin shu Ptli zi jun yun fu zai zai PZSbiao mian ,li zi da xiao yao wei 6 nm。Pt/PZSwei qiu re wen ding xing hao ,chu shi fen jie wen du 421.7℃,ju can liu lv （800℃）ke da 56.0%,Pt/PZSwei qiu cheng tan xing neng you liang 。jin er jiang ge cheng de Pt/PZSwei qiu yu cheng ci tian liao gong yong ,dui gui xiang jiao jin hang nai huo zu ran gai xing 。tong guo re chong fen xi tan jiu le fu ge cai liao de re wen ding xing ;zhui xing liang re fen xi （CONE）yan jiu le gui xiang jiao fu ge cai liao de ran shao xing neng ;zai 400-1000℃wen du ou jian nei dui gui xiang jiao fu ge cai liao jin hang le shao shi xing neng ce shi ;ying yong sao miao dian jing dui shao shi hou de fu ge cai liao jin hang le wei guan xing mao fen xi ;Xshe xian yan she fen xi biao zheng le gui xiang jiao fu ge cai liao shao shi guo cheng zhong de jing xing bian hua ;bing dui gui xiang jiao dian lan jin hang le zhen shi huo yan shao shi ce shi 。TGjie guo biao ming :jia ru 0.01fen （zhi liang fen shu ）Pt/PZSwei qiu de nai huo gui xiang jiao fu ge cai liao （Pt/F-SR）zai 800℃xia de can liu lv ke da 54.8%,jiao pu tong gui xiang jiao fu ge cai liao （F-SR）de can liu lv 49.6%di gao 10.5%,shui ming ji wei liang Pt/PZSwei qiu de jia ru ke yi di gao fu ge cai liao de can liu lv 。CONEshu ju xian shi :ji wei liang Pt/PZSwei qiu de jia ru ke shi re shi fang su lv feng zhi （pHRR）jiang di 23.4%,zong yan shi fang liang （TSP）xia jiang 9.9%,mEHCxia jiang 5.9%。bu tong shao shi wen du xia de Pt/F-SRcai liao ke yi bao chi ji wan zheng xing mao ,ju jing 400℃shao shi hou ,ju you yi ding de li xue xing neng ,yu F-SRxiang bi ,Pt/PZSde jia ru neng xian zhe jiang di gui xiang jiao de tao ci hua wen du ,zeng jiang tao ci hua jiang du 。zai zheng ge wen du ou jian nei ,Pt/F-SRcai liao de wan qu jiang du cong 0.11 MPazeng da dao 5.62 MPa,zeng da yao 50bei 。tong guo wei guan xing mao fen xi fa xian ,xiang tong wen du xia Pt/F-SRcai liao nei bu tian liao zhi jian jie ge geng jia jin mi ,zhe ke neng shi yin wei Pt/PZSwei qiu de cun zai dui gui xiang jiao fu ge cai liao tao ci hua ju you cu jin zuo yong 。XRDfen xi ye biao ming Pt/PZSde cun zai cu jin gui xiang jiao fu ge cai liao xing cheng le xin jing xiang :CaSi2O5he Quartz（gui dan ）。gui xiang jiao dian lan huo yan ran shao shi yan biao ming :jia ru wei liang Pt/PZSwei qiu de gui xiang jiao dian lan jing guo 1 hde shao shi ,dian lan xing mao bao chi wan zheng ,biao mian lie wen jiao shao ,ju dian lan nei bu jin shu xin mo yang hua bian hei xian xiang chu xian 。zhe shui ming nai huo gui xiang jiao dian lan ju you liang hao de nai huo xing he ge re xing 。nai shui xing neng ce shi biao ming :Pt/F-SRdian lan zai leng shui zhong jing guo shang xia zhen dong ,suo xing cheng de tao ci jie gou mei you cong jin shu xin shang tuo la ju jin shu xin mei you bei shui jin shi 。zeng shang ,wei liang Pt/PZSzu ran ji dui gui xiang jiao de tao ci hua xing neng he nai huo xing neng yi ji nai shui xing neng ju you you liang de cu jin zuo yong 。ben lun wen dui tao ci hua nai huo gui xiang jiao zu ran ti ji de yan jiu jiang wei tao ci hua gao fen zi fu ge cai liao de xiang guan yan fa ji gong ye hua guo cheng di gong li lun zhi chi yu yan jiu sai lu 。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自河北大学的郭晓东，发表于刊物河北大学2019-07-25论文，是一篇关于硅橡胶论文,聚磷腈论文,铂粒子论文,陶瓷化论文,耐火性论文,耐水性论文,河北大学2019-07-25论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自河北大学2019-07-25论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：硅橡胶论文; 聚磷腈论文; 铂粒子论文; 陶瓷化论文; 耐火性论文; 耐水性论文; 河北大学2019-07-25论文;