PE的改性及其对农药缓释性能影响的研究

PE的改性及其对农药缓释性能影响的研究

论文摘要

农药的控制释放技术作为一种新兴技术,可以有效解决可湿性粉剂型农药的释放速度快、有效作用时间短、污染环境的问题。化学型缓释剂是利用农药本身的活性基团(如-COOH、-OH、-SH、-NH2等),在不破坏原化学结构的条件下,自身缩聚或与天然或合成的高分子聚合物直接或间接化学结合,形成可在自然界逐步降解的新的高分子农药。本课题是选以高分子聚合物聚乙烯作为基体材料,利用增溶剂马来酸酐和EVA,使淀粉/PE具有一定的可溶性与相溶性,制备成不同原料的缓释基材。缓释基材作为农药缓释剂的载体材料与农药多菌灵制备成多菌灵缓释农药。通过测试,评价了缓释基材的降解及多菌灵缓释农药的释放情况,及影响缓释性质的各种因素。结果表明,淀粉和PE组成的缓释基材可用作控制农药缓释的降解材料。

论文目录

  • 摘要
  • Abstract
  • 1 绪论
  • 1.1 可降解材料发展背景
  • 1.2 可控制释放农药背景及发展
  • 1.3 可控制释放技术的开发现状
  • 1.4 本文的主要工作
  • 2 文献综述
  • 2.1 聚乙烯的概述
  • 2.2 聚乙烯的改性
  • 2.2.1 物理改性
  • 2.2.1.1 共混改性
  • 2.2.1.2 填充改性
  • 2.2.1.3 增强改性
  • 2.2.2 化学改性
  • 2.2.2.1 交联改性
  • 2.2.2.2 接枝改性
  • 2.2.2.3 共聚改性
  • 3 工作设想
  • 4 实验部分
  • 4.1 主要实验仪器
  • 4.2 主要药品及试剂
  • 4.3 材料的制备工艺流程
  • 4.3.1 淀粉/PE 为缓释基材的多菌灵缓释剂的制备
  • 4.3.2 EVA/淀粉/PE 为缓释基材的多菌灵缓释剂的制备
  • 4.3.3 淀粉/PE-g-MAH 为缓释基材的多菌灵缓释剂的制备
  • 4.4 试样测试
  • 4.4.1 红外光谱测试
  • 4.4.2 缓释基材的扫描电镜(SEM)测试
  • 4.4.3 缓释基材的差示扫描量热(DSC)测试
  • 4.4.4 紫外光谱测试
  • 4.4.5 缓释基材的土壤降解性能测试
  • 4.4.6 力学测试
  • 5 结果与讨论
  • 5.1 多菌灵缓释农药加工工艺可行性分析
  • 5.2 不同因素对淀粉/PE 为缓释基材的多菌灵缓释农药的影响
  • 5.2.1 不同淀粉含量对淀粉/PE 为缓释基材微观结构的影响
  • 5.2.2 不同淀粉含量对淀粉与PE 相容性的影响
  • 5.2.3 不同因素对淀粉/PE 为缓释基材的多菌灵缓释农药水解释放性能的影响
  • 5.2.3.1 不同淀粉含量对淀粉/PE 为缓释基材的多菌灵缓释农药水解释放性能的影响
  • 5.2.3.2 不同pH 值对淀粉/ PE 为缓释基材的多菌灵缓释剂释放的影响
  • 5.2.3.3 不同温度对多菌灵释放量的影响
  • 5.2.3.4 时间对多菌灵释放水解释放的影响
  • 5.2.4 不同淀粉含量对淀粉/ PE 为缓释基材的土壤降解性能影响
  • 5.3 不同增容剂对多菌灵缓释农药的影响
  • 5.3.1 增容剂为EVA 对多菌灵缓释农药的影响
  • 5.3.1.1 不同含量EVA 对EVA/淀粉/PE 为缓释基材微观结构的影响
  • 5.3.1.2 不同淀粉含量对EVA/淀粉/PE 为缓释基材中的淀粉与PE 相容性的影响
  • 5.3.1.3 不同淀粉含量及不同pH 值对淀粉/ PE 为缓释基材的多菌灵缓释农药水 解释放性能的影响
  • 5.3.1.4 不同淀粉含量对EVA/淀粉/ PE 为缓释基材的土壤降解性能影响
  • 5.3.2 增溶剂MAH 对多菌灵缓释农药的影响
  • 5.3.2.1 MAH-g-PE 的红外光谱图分析
  • 5.3.2.2 不同MAH 含量对淀粉/ PE-g-MAH 为缓释基材微观结构的影响
  • 5.3.2.3 不同淀粉含量对淀粉/ PE-g-MAH 为缓释基材中的淀粉与PE 相容性的影响
  • 5.3.2.4 不同淀粉含量及不同pH 值对淀粉/ PE-g-MAH 为缓释基材的多菌灵缓释农药水解释放性能的影响
  • 5.3.2.5 不同淀粉含量对淀粉/ PE-g-MAH 为缓释基材的土壤降解性能影响
  • 5.3.3 对比不同增容剂对缓释基材的影响
  • 5.3.3.1 对比不同增容剂对缓释基材微观结构的影响
  • 5.3.3.2 对比不同增容剂对缓释基材中淀粉与PE 相容性的影响
  • 5.3.3.3 对比不同增容剂对多菌灵缓释农药水解释放的影响
  • 5.3.3.4 对比不同的增容剂对缓释基材的土壤降解性能的影响
  • 5.4 缓释基材的力学性能分析
  • 6 结论
  • 参考文献
  • 致谢
  • 攻读学位期间已发表的学术论文及科研成果
  • 相关论文文献

    • [1].Effect of Microfibrillated Cellulose Loading on Physical Properties of Starch/Polyvinyl Alcohol Composite Films[J]. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2020(04)
    • [2].Methodological impact of starch determination on starch content and ileal digestibility of starch in grain legumes for growing pigs[J]. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017(02)
    • [3].Effect of high temperature on the expressions of genes encoding starch synthesis enzymes in developing rice endosperms[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015(04)
    • [4].Preparation of Carbon-14 Labeled Cross-linked Starch[J]. Annual Report of China Institute of Atomic Energy 2016(00)
    • [5].Capping dietary starch:protein ratios in moderately reduced crude protein,wheat-based diets showed promise but further reductions generated inferior growth performance in broiler chickens[J]. Animal Nutrition 2020(02)
    • [6].Plant food sources and stone tools' function at the site of Shunshanji based on starch grain analysis[J]. Science China(Earth Sciences) 2016(08)
    • [7].Complexation of starch with dodecylamine[J]. Journal of Central South University 2012(07)
    • [8].Study on the morphology, crystalline structure and thermal properties of yam starch acetates with different degrees of substitution[J]. Science in China(Series B:Chemistry) 2008(09)
    • [9].Modified-starch Consolidation of Alumina Ceramics[J]. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science Edition) 2008(04)
    • [10].Expression Profiles and Protein Complexes of Starch Biosynthetic Enzymes from White-Core and Waxy Mutants Induced from High Amylose Indica Rice[J]. Rice Science 2020(02)
    • [11].Effect of Starch/Polylactic Acid Ratio on the Interdependence of Two-Phase and the Properties of Composites[J]. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science Edition) 2015(05)
    • [12].The blend modification of EVA-150/starch and controlled-release of imazethapyr[J]. Journal of Coal Science & Engineering(China) 2008(04)
    • [13].Concentration of linoleic acid from cottonseed oil by starch complexation[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019(04)
    • [14].Influence of starch sources and dietary protein levels on intestinal functionality and intestinal mucosal amino acids catabolism in broiler chickens[J]. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019(03)
    • [15].Application of resistant starch in swine and poultry diets with particular reference to gut health and function[J]. Animal Nutrition 2018(03)
    • [16].GRAIN INCOMPLETE FILLING 2 regulates grain filling and starch synthesis during rice caryopsis development[J]. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2017(02)
    • [17].Starch grain analysis reveals function of grinding stone tools at Shangzhai site, Beijing[J]. Science in China(Series D:Earth Sciences) 2009(08)
    • [18].Heterogeneous Reactions between Starch and AKD under Solvent-free Conditions[J]. Paper and Biomaterials 2016(02)
    • [19].Effects of Elevated Ozone Concentration on Starch and Starch Synthesis Enzymes of Yangmai 16 Under Fully Open-Air Field Conditions[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013(12)
    • [20].QTL mapping of starch granule size in common wheat using recombinant inbred lines derived from a PH82-2/Neixiang188 cross[J]. The Crop Journal 2013(02)
    • [21].Genetic modification of cassava enhances starch production[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 2009(01)
    • [22].Biodegradable starch/poly(vinyl alcohol) film reinforced with titanium dioxide nanoparticles[J]. International Journal of Minerals Metallurgy and Materials 2013(10)
    • [23].Synthesis and biochemical properties of fluorescent/magnetic bifunctional starch particles[J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology 2010(02)
    • [24].Production of very-high-amylose cassava by post-transcriptional silencing of branching enzyme genes[J]. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2020(06)
    • [25].Editing of Rice Isoamylase Gene ISA1 Provides Insights into Its Function in Starch Formation[J]. Rice Science 2019(02)
    • [26].Purification of starch and phosphorus wastewater using core-shell magnetic seeds prepared by sulfated roasting[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019(07)
    • [27].Structural Characteristics of Semen coicis Resistant Starch and Its Effect on the Proliferation of Bifidobacterium bifidum[J]. 结构化学 2017(03)
    • [28].Effect of Drought Stress During Flowering Stage on Starch Accumulation and Starch Synthesis Enzymes in Sorghum Grains[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014(11)
    • [29].Preparation of LDPE-Acetylated/Butyrylated Starch Blend Blow Films and Characterization[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2014(03)
    • [30].Effects of Non-starch Polysaccharide Enzyme Products on Meat Performance in Broilers[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science 2011(03)

    标签:;  ;  ;  ;  

    PE的改性及其对农药缓释性能影响的研究
    下载Doc文档

    猜你喜欢