英汉数词条目语义引申机制认知实证研究

论文摘要

一词多义是人类语言中的普遍现象,多年来一直深受国内外语言学家及研究者的关注。数词是现代汉语和英语词汇系统中独立的词类之一,在组词造句中起着不可或缺的作用。既然一词多义是人类语言的普遍现象,那么数词也就不可避免地会发生语义的引申。数词的语义引申机制以及该机制是如何在数词内部发生作用的,前人的研究却没有涉及到这一方面。《现代汉语词典》(以下简称《现汉》)是一部汉语辞书中影响最为深远的权威辞书,同时也是汉语理论研究成果与词典编纂实践结合的产物。同时,《柯林斯高阶英语学习词典》(英文版)也是一部很有权威的英语学习词典。我们从《现汉》和《柯林斯高阶英语学习词典》中分别收集到62和72个有数词义项的单词。在这些有数词义项的单词中,有些词是单义的,我们从中筛选出有发生了语义引申的单词共26和29个,然后我们用范畴化(包括去范畴化和再范畴化),语法隐喻和语法转喻对其引起语义引申进行分析。在汉语数词分析时,我们还运用了《现代汉语规范词典》和北京大学汉语语言学研究中心的语料库作为辅助。通过分析发现,现代汉语数词和英语数词的语义引申机制并不完全一样,从而可以帮助词典编纂者更好地对词典编纂中多义词条进行处理,另外对外语教学和二语学习者对多义词意义的理解、掌握和运用也有不可估量的作用。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• Acknowledgements
• Chapter One Introduction
• 1.1 Rationale for the Research
• 1.2 Objectives of the Research
• 1.3 Layout of the Thesis
• Chapter Two Literature Review
• 2.1 A Survey of Polysemy
• 2.1.1 Traditional Approaches of Polysemy
• 2.1.2 Cognitive Views of Polysemy
• 2.2 Lexeme
• 2.3 A Survey of Numerals
• 2.3.1 Definition of Numerals
• 2.3.2 Related Studies of Numerals
• 2.3.3 The Limitations of Previous Studies
• 2.4 Summary
• Chapter Three Theoretical Framework
• 3.1 （De）categorization and Recategorization
• 3.2 Metaphor
• 3.2.1 Defining Metaphor and Grammatical Metaphor
• 3.2.2 Classification of Metaphor and Grammatical Metaphor
• 3.3 Metonymy
• 3.3.1 Defining Metonymy and Grammatical Metonymy
• 3.3.2 Classification of Metonymy and Grammatical Metonymy
• 3.4 Grammaticalization
• 3.5 Research Hypothesis
• 3.6 Summary
• Chapter Four Methodology
• 4.1 Instruments used in the study
• 4.2 Data Processing
• Chapter Five Research Results and Discussion
• 5.1 Overall Description of Statistical Results
• 5.2 The Analysis of Semantic Extension of Numeral Lexemes in Chinese
• 5.2.1 Numeral Lexemes with noun uses: A Case Study
• 5.2.2 Numeral Lexemes with adjective uses: A Case Study
• 5.2.3 Numeral lexemes with adverb usages: A Case Study
• 5.2.4 The complex groups
• 5.3 The Analysis of Semantic Extension of Numeral Lexemes in English
• 5.3.1 Cardinal Numerals
• 5.3.2 Ordinal numerals
• 5.3.3 The Special Groups
• 5.3.4 The Complex Groups
• 5.4 Summary
• Chapter Six Conclusion
• 6.1 Major Findings of the Research
• 6.2 Major Implications of the Research
• 6.3 Limitations of the Research and Suggestions for Further Study
• References
• Appendixes