隐喻对天气词汇语义扩展的影响

论文摘要

自从1980年,拉考夫和约翰逊发表了具有深远影响的著作《我们赖以生存的隐喻》之后,语言学界掀起了“隐喻风暴”,大量的著作层出不穷。隐喻已经被人们作为一种重要的认知工具,对我们创造、理解思维和语言起了不可低估的作用。词汇是社会发展的一面镜子。在物质世界迅速发展的过程中,词汇的意义也在不断地扩展。词汇语义扩展的结果必然导致一词多义现象。一词多义是语言中普遍存在的现象,语言学家对此也有广泛深入地研究。但是许多人在研究多义词多义现象之间的联系时,只局限于语言的内部结构,对其认知机制没有论及,因此无法对这一语言现象作出一个令人满意地解释。认知语言学的崛起,特别是隐喻的发展为我们提供强有力的工具来更好地分析这一现象,从而充分阐释隐喻对词汇语义扩展的影响。隐喻的本质是语义扩展的基础,与语义的扩展有着必然的联系。近年来,关于隐喻研究已经从各个方面展开工作,但是隐喻对词汇语义扩展的影响方面的研究还是比较少的,尤其是关于天气词汇语义扩展方面的研究更是少之又少。本文试从隐喻对天气词汇语义扩展的影响这一角度进行详尽的阐述,努力揭示出隐喻在天气词汇语义扩展中的工作机制。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• Contents
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• 1.1 An Overview
• 1.2 The Objective and the Significance of This Thesis
• 1.3 The Organization of This Thesis
• Chapter 2 Metaphor
• 2.1 Traditional Theories of Metaphor
• 2.1.1 The Comparison Theory
• 2.1.2 The Substitution Theory
• 2.1.3 The Interaction Theory
• 2.2 Conceptual Metaphor
• 2.2.1 The Philosophical Basis of Conceptual Metaphor
• 2.2.2 The Definition of Conceptual Metaphor
• 2.2.3 The Types of Conceptual Metaphor
• 2.2.3.1 Structural Metaphors
• 2.2.3.2 Orientational Metaphors
• 2.2.3.3 Ontological Metaphors
• 2.2.4 The Working Mechanism of Conceptual Metaphor
• 2.3 Summary
• Chapter 3 Lexical Meaning and Lexical Meaning Extension
• 3.1 A Brief Introduction of Traditional Lexical Meaning Study
• 3.1.1 The Brief Study of Lexical Meaning in Ancient Times
• 3.1.2 The Brief Study of Lexical Meaning in Recent Times
• 3.1.3 The Brief Study of Lexical Meaning from the Cognitive View
• 3.2 Lexical Meaning Extension
• 3.2.1 The Definition of Lexical Meaning Extension
• 3.2.2 The Causes of Lexical Meaning Extension
• 3.2.3 The Result of Lexical Meaning Extension-Polysemy
• 3.2.3.1 The Definition of Polysemy
• 3.2.3.2 The Classical Approach to Polysemy
• 3.2.3.3 Cognitive Polysemy
• 3.3 Summary
• Chapter 4 The Influence of Metaphor on the Extension of Meaning about Weather Conditions
• 4.1 Cognitive Mechanism of Lexical Meaning Extension
• 4.1.1 Categorization and Prototype Theory
• 4.1.1.1 A Brief Introduction of Categorization and Prototype Theory
• 4.1.1.2 Polysemy as a Prototypical Category
• 4.1.2 Image Schema
• 4.1.2.1 The Definition of Image Schema
• 4.1.2.2 The Characteristics of Image Schema
• 4.1.2.3 Image Schema and Polysemy
• 4.1.3 Summary
• 4.2 The Working Mechanism of Metaphorical Extension of Lexical Meaning
• 4.2.1 The Definition of Metaphorical Extension
• 4.2.2 The Bridge of Lexical Metaphorical Extension-Domain Mapping
• 4.2.3 The Models of Metaphorical Extension of Lexical Meaning about Weather
• 4.2.4 The Working Mechanism of Metaphorical Extension of Lexical Meaning and Polysemy
• 4.2.5 The Metaphorical Extension of Lexical Meaning and Conversion of Parts of Speech
• 4.2.5.1 The General Idea of Conversion of Parts of Speech and Metaphorical Extension of Lexical Meaning
• 4.2.5.2 The Patterns of Metaphorical Conversion and the Extension of Lexical Meaning
• 4.2.6 Summary
• Chapter 5 A Case Study:Fog
• 5.1 The Definition of Fog
• 5.2 The Protomeaning of Fog
• 5.3 The Image Schema of Fog
• 5.4 The Models of Metaphorical Meaning Extension of Fog
• 5.5 Metaphorical Conversion of Parts of Speech of Fog
• 5.6 Summary
• Chapter 6 Conclusion
• Bibliography
• Acknowledgements
• 个人简历
• 发表的学术论文