论翻译过程中的思维

论翻译过程中的思维

论文摘要

在当今以信息交流为主的时代,文化大交流的国际背景,使各种不同语言之间的翻译成为寻常所必须。然而传统的翻译理论主要局限于对翻译科学和翻译艺术的描述和讨论上,远远落后于当今翻译实践的发展。从本质上而言,翻译是一种思维活动和语际活动,从理论的角度来看,翻译理论研究和构建应该从思维切入,从翻译实践来看,为了译者自身素质的提高,为了促进翻译教学,有必要对思维与翻译的关系作深入的探讨。当代思维科学的发展――形象思维学,逻辑思维学和灵感思维学体系的建立,给将思维学引入翻译学研究提供了前提。意象,想象,显象是形象思维的具体形式。在翻译中,形象思维的过程是由形象的感受、储存、识别、创造和形象的描述等各环节构成的,与翻译的理解和表达过程相当。逻辑思维是除形象思维之外的另一基本思维形式。从翻译主体上分析,翻译思维基本上是逻辑思维,即以概念、判断、推理的手段反映客观事物本质特征及其内在联系的认识。因此掌握逻辑思维的规律并将其运用于翻译中,是译者从事翻译活动的基本功,也是译作成功与否的关键。灵感思维是人类已发现的三种基本思维形式之一。灵感是借助直觉和潜意识活动而实现的认知和创造。翻译时,若没有灵感思维火花的迸发,就难有如神的妙笔。可以说,灵感的显现往往是问题解决的关键。和灵感思维密切相关的,应该是“格式塔理论”中的“顿悟”。在本文的最后一个章节,作者根据自己的翻译实践和教学经验,尝试性地提出了翻译中的定势思维这个概念。所谓定势思维,是指人们从事某项活动的一种预先准备的心理状态,它能够影响后继活动的趋势、程度和方式。对译者而言,其翻译过程中定势思维的出现,源于母语背景的控制和影响。这种影响有时是积极的,有时则会起到一种负作用,即消极的、掩蔽的、防御的甚至是抵抗的作用,译者如若在翻译过程中过多地依赖于它,会导致误译。总之,本文中所讨论的这几种思维形式不是彼此完全独立的,他们相互联系,相互渗透。在翻译过程中,译者的翻译思维是综合的,立体的,不是分离的,独立的。因此,提高自身思维能力是提高译者智能和素质的需要,同时对从事翻译教学的工作者而言,对学生翻译思维的训练不容忽视。

论文目录

  • 摘要
  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Chapter One Thinking ,Language and Translation
  • 1.1 Thinking
  • 1.1.1 Definition of Thinking
  • 1.1.2 Classification of Thinking
  • 1.2 Definition and Function of Language
  • 1.3 Thinking, Language and Translation
  • 1.3.1 The Relationship between Thinking and Language
  • 1.3.2 Thinking in Translating
  • Chapter Two Thinking in images in Translating
  • 2.1 Definition of Thinking in images
  • 2.2 Thinking in images in Translating
  • 2.2.1 Image
  • 2.2.2 Imagination
  • 2.2.3 Manifestation
  • Chapter Three Logical Thinking in Translating
  • 3.1 Definition of Logical Thinking
  • 3.2 Logical Thinking in Translating
  • 3.2.1 Concept
  • 3.2.2 Judgment
  • 3.2.3 Inference
  • Chapter Four Inspirational Thinking
  • 4.1 Definition of Inspirational Thinking
  • 4.2 Inducements of Inspiration in Translating
  • 4.2.1 Coincidence
  • 4.2.2 Treason
  • 4.2.3 Polish and Repolish
  • 4.2.4 Breakthrough
  • Chapter Five Inertial Thinking
  • 5.1 Definition of Inertial Thinking
  • 5.2 Inertial Thinking in Translating
  • 5.2.1 Positive Influence of Inertial Thinking on Translation
  • 5.2.2 Negative Influence of Inertial Thinking on Translation
  • Conclusion
  • Notes
  • References
  • Acknowledgements
  • Appendix
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