汉英词典英语对等词辨析研究

论文摘要

同义性历来是一个普遍的语言现象。在汉英词典中,同一中文词目词下的英文对等词也可看作同义词。汉英词典在中国的英语学习者学习英语的过程中起着重要的作用。在汉英词典中提供对等词的同义辨析信息是一个不容忽视的问题。本文试图为汉英词典在处理对等词同义辨析问题方面提供理论依据。本文从四个方面分别对前人在同义词方面的研究成果进行了文献综述,分别是:同义词的定义,同义词的特征,同义词的辨析,以及不同词典对同义词的处理。虽然词典学家费心尽力地改善和优化同义对等词在词典中的处理,但仍有一些不足之处。从其他学者调查问卷的结果可以看出中国的英语学习者对于汉英词典中对等词同义辨析的处理并不满意。汉英词典应如何对英语对等词进行同义辨析仍需要进一步的研究。从二语习得理论可以看出汉英词典对英文对等词进行同义辨析的重要性。而对于如何进行同义辨析,本研究介绍了一些语言学理论。它们分别为:成分分析理论,原型理论,语义场理论,以及意义七分法和语义三元论。以这些理论为基础,本文试图从四个方面确定七条对等词同义辨析标准。同时,本文还提出一些可供汉英词典参考的对等词同义辨析的表征方式。

论文目录

• Acknowledgements
• Abstract
• 摘要
• List of Figures
• List of Tables
• List of Abbreviations
• Chapter One Introduction
• 1.1 Significance of discriminating English equivalents in CE dictionaries
• 1.2 Objectives of the present study
• 1.3 Conception of the present study
• 1.4 Outline of the thesis
• Chapter Two Previous Studies on Near-synonyms
• 2.1 Definitions of near-synonyms
• 2.2 Origin and features of near-synonyms
• 2.2.1 The origin and different types of near-synonyms
• 2.2.2 Features of near-synonyms
• 2.3 Discrimination of near-synonyms
• 2.4 Representations of near-synonyms in different dictionaries
• 2.4.1 Near-synonyms in specialized dictionaries of synonyms
• 2.4.2 Near-synonyms in general dictionaries
• 2.5 English equivalents discrimination in CE Dictionaries
• 2.6 Summary
• Chapter Three Theoretical Framework of the Present Study
• 3.1 The necessity of English equivalents discrimination in CE dictionaries
• 3.2 Theories employed in the discrimination of English equivalents
• 3.2.1 Componential Analysis Theory
• 3.2.2 Prototype Theory
• 3.2.3 Lexical Field Theory
• 3.2.4 Theory of word meaning and meaning function
• 3.3 Criteria of equivalents discrimination
• 3.4 Summary
• Chapter Four Discrimination of English Equivalents in CE Dictionaries
• 4.1 An overview of the present CE dictionaries
• 4.2 Insuffciencies in equivalents discrimination
• 4.2.1 Subjectivity in the determination of English equivalents
• 4.2.2 Lack of equivalents discrimination
• 4.2.3 Insufficient equivalents discrimination
• 4.3 A Model proposed for the discrimination of English equivalents
• 4.3.1 A brief review
• 4.3.2 A Tentative discrimination model
• 4.4 Representation of equivalents discrimination in CE dictionaries
• 4.4.1 Definition discrimination
• 4.4.2 Collocation and example discrimination
• 4.4.3 Brackets explanation discrimination
• 4.4.4 Semantic grid discrimination
• 4.4.5 Picture,table,and diagram illustration discrimination
• 4.4.6 Special column discrimination
• 4.5 Summary
• Chapter Five Conclusion
• 5.1 Findings of the present study
• 5.2 Limitations of the present study
• 5.3 Suggestions for future research
• Bibliography