重述和引导对中国不同水平英语学习者学习冠词效果的对比性研究

重述和引导对中国不同水平英语学习者学习冠词效果的对比性研究

论文摘要

20世纪70年代末,课堂互动成为二语习得研究领域颇为关注的一个方面。作为课堂互动中的极其重要的一部分,纠正性反馈,尤其是重述和引导这两种不同类型的反馈方式,引起越来越多研究者的兴趣。然而,由于受诸多因素的影响,无论是理论研究还是实证研究,关于重述和引导这两种反馈方式对二语习得效果的结论还存在分歧。近年来,研究者们开始关注各种内在因素(如学习者语言水平,记忆容量等)对反馈习得效果的制约作用,研究也趋向细化,但仍存在若干不足。本研究以注意假设和互动假说为理论框架,结合学习者语言水平因素,研究重述和引导这两种不同类型的纠正性反馈对中国英语学习者学习不定冠词“a”(第一次提到的人或事物)和定冠词“the”(复述上文提过的人或事物)的影响。具体研究问题如下:(1)重述和引导这两种不同类型的反馈方式对中国英语学习者学习不定冠词“a”(第一次提到的人或事物)和定冠词“the”(复述上文提过的人或事物)的效果是否有显著差异?如果有显著差异,那么(2)上述差异是否是受学习者自身英语水平的影响?本研究采用前测-后测设计。来自湖北一所高中的三个高一班共72名学生参加了本实验,并按自然班随机分成三组,即重述组,引导组和控制组。每组根据中考英语成绩又划分为高分组和低分组。在为期四周的实验中:第一周,三组分别参加了前测(看图写作和冠词改错);第二周,在2次任务型的师生互动中,重述组和引导组既参与任务又分别接受重述和引导这两种不同形式的反馈,控制组参与任务却不接受任何纠正性反馈,任务完成后三组参加了即时后测;第四周,三组又分别参加了延时后测。实验结果表明:(1)引导对中国英语学习者学习不定冠词“a”(第一次提到的人或事物)和定冠词“the”(复述上文提过的人或事物)的效果明显高于重述。在看图写作和冠词改错的即时后测中,引导组的优越性并不明显,但在延时后测中引导组显著高于重述组;(2)引导与重述的显著差异受到学习者自身英语水平的影响,即重述和引导对高分组的学习者效果都很显著,而引导对低分组的学习者效果比重述更显著。具体地说,重述高分组和引导高分组在看图写作和冠词改错的即时后测和延时后测中无显著差异,但引导低分组在看图写作和冠词改错即时后测和延时后测中显著高于重述低分组。本实验研究结果与Ammar和Spada (2006)的研究结果基本一致。根据注意假设,学习者注意到的越多学到的越多。在本实验的课堂互动中,重述组的学习者容易忽略重述这种隐性反馈方式,而引导组的学习者可以更容易的注意到引导这种显性的反馈方式,因而,引导明显优于重述。本研究结果还进一步证实了互动假说中习得受学习者自身水平制约这一理论。因此,教师在课堂互动中应针对不同水平英语学习者采用适当的反馈方式。

论文目录

  • 中文摘要
  • ABSTRACT
  • LIST OF FIGURES
  • LIST OF TABLES
  • LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
  • Chapter One Introduction
  • 1.1 Orientation of the Study
  • 1.2 Significance of the Study
  • 1.3 Methodology of the Study
  • 1.4 Layout of the Thesis
  • Chapter Two Literature Review
  • 2.1 Definitions and Classifications of Key Terms
  • 2.1.1 Corrective Feedback
  • 2.1.2 Recasts
  • 2.1.3 Prompts
  • 2.1.4 English Articles
  • 2.1.5 Language Proficiency
  • 2.2 Theoretical Foundations for Effectiveness of Recasts and Prompts in Second Language Acquisition
  • 2.2.1 Attention
  • 2.2.2 The Noticing Hypothesis
  • 2.2.3 The Interaction Hypothesis
  • 2.3 Empirical Studies on the Relative Efficacy of Recasts and Prompts
  • 2.3.1 Advantage of Prompts over Recasts in Second Language Acquisition
  • 2.3.2 Advantage of Recasts over Prompts in Second Language Acquisition
  • 2.3.3 No Difference between Recasts and Prompts in Second Language Acquisition
  • 2.3.4 Limitations of Previous Studies
  • Chapter Three The Present Study
  • 3.1 Research Purpose and Questions
  • 3.2 Operationalization of Variables
  • 3.2.1 Recasts
  • 3.2.2 Prompts
  • 3.3 Research Design
  • 3.4 Research Method
  • 3.4.1 Participants
  • 3.4.2 Target Structure
  • 3.4.3 Testing Instruments
  • 3.4.4 Treatment Tasks and Materials
  • 3.4.5 Procedures
  • 3.4.6 Scoring Criteria
  • 3.4.7 Scoring
  • 3.4.8 Data Analyses
  • Chapter Four Results and Discussions
  • 4.1 Results
  • 4.1.1 Differential Effects of Recasts and Prompts on the Learning of English Articles
  • 4.1.2 Interaction Effects between Recasts, Prompts and Learners’Proficiency Level on the Learning of English Articles
  • 4.2 Discussions
  • 4.2.1 Differential Effects of Recasts and Prompts on the Learning of English Articles
  • 4.2.2 Interaction Effects between Recasts, Prompts and Learners’Proficiency Level on the Learning of English Articles
  • Chapter Five Conclusions
  • 5.1 Summary of the Study
  • 5.2 Implications of the Study
  • 5.2.1 Theoretical Implications
  • 5.2.2 Pedagogical Implications
  • 5.3 Limitations and Suggestions for Further Research
  • Acknowledgements
  • References
  • Appendices
  • Appendix Ⅰ Pretest
  • Appendix Ⅱ Immediate Posttest
  • Appendix Ⅲ Delayed Posttest
  • Appendix Ⅳ Materials for Treatment Tasks
  • Appendix Ⅴ Article Published During M.A. Studies
  • A 作者在攻读硕士学位期间所发表的论文
  • 相关论文文献

    • [1].Chinese high-proficiency learners' communication strategy use[J]. 读与写(教育教学刊) 2010(10)
    • [2].Empowerment and Total Mobilization:Principles Underlying the Selection of Teaching Materials for a BA Programme in Translation and the Use of These Materials[J]. 东方翻译 2009(01)
    • [3].The Development of English Subject-verb Agreement Acquisition: A Comparative Study of Chinese Secondary and University Students[J]. 海外英语 2020(17)
    • [4].Evaluation of retail pharmacists'' perception on patient safety[J]. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2016(01)
    • [5].SAVED BY THE BELL[J]. The World of Chinese 2020(04)
    • [6].CULTURE[J]. China Today 2018(06)
    • [7].The Influence of American and British Culture on English-Chinese Translation[J]. 海外英语 2012(14)
    • [8].My views of self-made tests[J]. 校园英语 2016(11)
    • [9].Investigating the writing proficiency of pre-service English as a Second Language teachers:Making use of distinguishing features[J]. 外语测试与教学 2017(01)
    • [10].A Corpus-Based Study on Linguistic Variables of CET Writings[J]. 校园英语 2020(08)
    • [11].Survey on the Factors Influencing Oral English Proficiency for Senior Students[J]. 海外英语 2013(16)
    • [12].An investigation of Communication Strategies used in Dialogues by Chinese English Major Students[J]. 海外英语 2011(11)
    • [13].Exploring the Relationship between Learning Styles and Proficiency in Verbal Communication[J]. 中国校外教育(理论) 2008(S1)
    • [14].Curriculum Analysis[J]. 中国校外教育 2011(20)
    • [15].The Application of Task-based Language Teaching to Oral English Class[J]. 读与写(教育教学刊) 2011(09)
    • [16].A Case Study on Learning Strategies of a Chinese EFL[J]. 读与写(教育教学刊) 2012(05)
    • [17].On the Correlations among Affective Variables,Learning Strategies and Language Proficiency[J]. 科技信息 2009(07)
    • [18].The Application of Multiple Intelligences Theory in College English Reading Course[J]. 海外英语 2012(05)
    • [19].An Investigation on the Motivational Orientations of Secondary School Students with Different English Proficiency in Mainland China[J]. 海外英语 2017(10)
    • [20].Discuss Optimal Approaches to Learning Strategy Instruction for EFL Learners[J]. 中国校外教育 2009(11)
    • [21].Gender Difference in Learning Style[J]. 科技信息(科学教研) 2008(19)
    • [22].An Exploration of Chinese Students’Silent-Keeping in English Class[J]. 中国校外教育(理论) 2008(06)
    • [23].A Study on Meta-cognitive Learning Strategies and English Proficiency[J]. 校园英语(教研版) 2011(09)
    • [24].Evergreen: A Story of Two Settings[J]. 文化交流 2008(01)
    • [25].English Learning Strategies Employed by EFL Postgraduate Students in Southwest China[J]. 海外英语 2013(20)
    • [26].The catalytic activity of transition metal oxide nanoparticles on thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate[J]. Defence Technology 2019(04)
    • [27].The Influence of Out-of-class language Learning on Individuals Differences[J]. 中学生英语 2020(12)
    • [28].On Applying the Communicative Approach to English Teaching[J]. 中国校外教育 2011(13)
    • [29].A case study of TBLT language lesson[J]. 校园英语 2015(36)
    • [30].An Analysis on English Relative Clauses Acquisition in Spoken Context of Chinese College English Majored Learners[J]. 海外英语 2013(22)

    标签:;  ;  ;  ;  ;  

    重述和引导对中国不同水平英语学习者学习冠词效果的对比性研究
    下载Doc文档

    猜你喜欢